In this paper, a 3D model of a flat circuit board with a heat generating electronic chip mounted on it has been studied numerically. The conjugate heat transfer including the conduction in the chip and convection with...In this paper, a 3D model of a flat circuit board with a heat generating electronic chip mounted on it has been studied numerically. The conjugate heat transfer including the conduction in the chip and convection with the surrounding fluid has been investigated numerically. Computational fluid dynamics using the finite volume method has been used for modeling the conjugate heat transfer through the chip and the circuit board. Conjugate heat transfer has broad applications in engineering and industrial applications in design of cooling off electronic components. Effects of various inlet velocities have been studied on the heat transfer variation and temperature of the circuit board. Numerical results show that the temperature of the chip reduces as the velocity of the inlet fluid flow increases.展开更多
为定量分析生熟食品中单增李斯特菌在不同材质案板上的交叉污染水平,将1 m L单增李斯特菌初始菌悬液接种于卤猪舌中,模拟食品制备过程,在案板上先后对卤猪舌和生黄瓜进行切片处理,同时,设定4种常见场景,分别测定不同场景下单增李斯特菌...为定量分析生熟食品中单增李斯特菌在不同材质案板上的交叉污染水平,将1 m L单增李斯特菌初始菌悬液接种于卤猪舌中,模拟食品制备过程,在案板上先后对卤猪舌和生黄瓜进行切片处理,同时,设定4种常见场景,分别测定不同场景下单增李斯特菌从卤猪舌到案板以及案板到生黄瓜的转移率。此外,构建厨房模拟环境下食物经不同操作方式的暴露评估模型,比较消费者食用不同材质案板处理过的污染单增李斯特菌的生熟食品后发病率的大小。结果表明:不同场景下转移率在一定范围内变化,且不同材质案板同场景下转移率差异显著(P<0.05)。通过暴露模型证实,食用交叉污染的熟肉制品和生鲜蔬菜存在一定风险,且木质案板风险显著高于塑料和不锈钢案板。展开更多
文摘In this paper, a 3D model of a flat circuit board with a heat generating electronic chip mounted on it has been studied numerically. The conjugate heat transfer including the conduction in the chip and convection with the surrounding fluid has been investigated numerically. Computational fluid dynamics using the finite volume method has been used for modeling the conjugate heat transfer through the chip and the circuit board. Conjugate heat transfer has broad applications in engineering and industrial applications in design of cooling off electronic components. Effects of various inlet velocities have been studied on the heat transfer variation and temperature of the circuit board. Numerical results show that the temperature of the chip reduces as the velocity of the inlet fluid flow increases.
文摘为定量分析生熟食品中单增李斯特菌在不同材质案板上的交叉污染水平,将1 m L单增李斯特菌初始菌悬液接种于卤猪舌中,模拟食品制备过程,在案板上先后对卤猪舌和生黄瓜进行切片处理,同时,设定4种常见场景,分别测定不同场景下单增李斯特菌从卤猪舌到案板以及案板到生黄瓜的转移率。此外,构建厨房模拟环境下食物经不同操作方式的暴露评估模型,比较消费者食用不同材质案板处理过的污染单增李斯特菌的生熟食品后发病率的大小。结果表明:不同场景下转移率在一定范围内变化,且不同材质案板同场景下转移率差异显著(P<0.05)。通过暴露模型证实,食用交叉污染的熟肉制品和生鲜蔬菜存在一定风险,且木质案板风险显著高于塑料和不锈钢案板。