Reactive Diffusion Bonding of SiCp/Al Composites by Insert Powder Layers with Eutectic Composition

Mixed Al-Si and Al-Cu powders were investigated as insert layers to reactive diffusion bond SiCp/6063 metal matrix composite （MMC）. The results show that SiCp/6063 MMC joints bonded by the insert layers of the mixed Al-Si and Al-Cu powders have a dense joining layer of high quality. The mass transfer between the bonded materials and insert layers during bonding leads to the hypoeutectic microstructure of the joining layers bonded by both the mixed Al-Si and Al-Cu powders with eutectic composition. At fixed bonding time （temperature）, the shear strength of the joints by both insert layers of the mixed Al-Si and Al-Cu powders increases with increasing the bonding temperature （time）, but get maxima at bonding temperature 600℃ （time 90 min）.

Characteristic of Bond Zone between Powder Surfacing Layer and Base Metal

The characteristic of the bond zone between Ni-based alloy light beam surfacing layer(SL)and base metal(BM)was investigated by scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction.The results show that the bond zone,which consists ofγ-Ni orγ-(Fe,Ni)planar crystal band close to SL andα-Fe bright band close to heat affected zone(HAZ),is actually the transition zone of composition and microstructure between SL and HAZ,and the metallurgical bond interface lies between theα-Fe bright band and HAZ.With the increase of light beam heat input from 2kJ/mm to 4kJ/mm,the width of the bond zone increases from 4μm to 15μm,and the morphology of bond interface changes from zigzag to straight.The formation of bond interface indicates the formation of reliable metallurgical bond between SL and BM.

A STUDY OF HIGH LOFT NONWOVEN FABRICS USING POWDER BONDING TECHNOLOGY

In this paper, two types of high loft nonwoven fabrics have been constructed in the laboratory apparatus made by ourselves with different binders (polyamide and polyethylene powder) and varying binder contents (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The tensile and compression properties of these nonwoven fabrics were tested. It was found that one can reduce powder binder content to increase loft and softness of nonwoven fabrics, but it has to sacrifice its tensile strength. Adhesion force between binder and single fibre was also explored. The experiments showed that the adhesion force at the interface between binder and fibre depends on the fibre variety, the fibre surface morphology, heating temperature and heating time etc..

Effect of Aluminum Addition on Microstructure and Properties of SiO_2-B_2O_3-Al_2O_3-CaO Vitrified Bond

Influence of aluminum addition on the structures and properties of SiO_2-B_2O_3-Al_2O_3-CaO vitrified bond at low sintering temperature and high strength was discussed. FTIR and XRD analyses were used to characterize the structures of the basic vitrified bond with different contents of aluminum. The bending strength and the thermal expansion coefficients were also tested. Meanwhile, the microstructures of composite specimens at sintering temperature of 660 ℃ were observed by scanning electron microscope（SEM）. The experimental results showed that the properties of vitrified bond with 1wt% aluminum were improved significantly, where the bending strength, Rockwell hardness, and thermal expansion coefficient of the vitrified bond reached 132 MPa, 63 HRB, and 6.73×10^（-6） ℃^（-1）, respectively.

Y2O3-CeO2-ZrO2 Powder Prepared by Co-Precipitation and As-Plasma-Sprayed Coating

The characteristic of the bond zone between Ni-based alloy light beam surfacing layer (SL) and base metal (BM) was investigated by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the bond zone, which consists of γ-Ni or γ-(Fe, Ni) planar crystal band close to SL and α-Fe bright band close to heat affected zone (HAZ), is actually the transition zone of composition and microstructure between SL and HAZ, and the metallurgical bond interface lies between the α-Fe bright band and HAZ. With the increase of light beam heat input from 2 kJ/mm to 4 kJ/mm, the width of the bond zone increases from 4 μm to 15 μm, and the morphology of bond interface changes from zigzag to straight. The formation of bond interface indicates the formation of reliable metallurgical bond between SL and BM.

Porous SiC Prepared Using Fine α-Al2O3 and SiC Powders as Sintering Additives

A reaction bonding technique and a method of layer coating were developed to fabricate porous SiC.The green body was prepared using 250.0μm SiC particles as the raw material,fineα-Al2O3 and SiC powders with mass ratio of 2.5:1as sintering additives,65.2μm graphite as the pore-forming agent and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as the binder.The micro powders were coated on the surface of coarse SiC particles.After sintering,fine SiC particles were oxidized to silica(SiO2)then transforming into cristobalite,which finally reacted withα-Al2O3 to produce mullite(3Al2O3·2SiO2).The results show that SiC particles are bonded by the mullite and oxidation-derived SiO2.The apparent porosity of the specimens decreases from 31.3%to 20.5%with the amount of micro powders increasing from 5 mass%to 20 mass%.The bending strength increases at the first stage and then decreases with the increase of fine powders,and the specimen with 10 mass%of fine powders shows relatively high bending strength of 23.5 MPa.

Joining of SiC_p/Al composites by insert powder layers

Mixed Al-Si, Al-Si-SiC and Al-Si-W powders were employed as insert layers to reactive diffusion bond SiC_p/6063 MMC. The results show that SiC_p/6063 MMC joints bonded by the insert layer of the mixed Al-Si powder have a dense joining layer with a typical hypoeutectic microstructure. Using mixed Al-Si-SiC powder as insert layer, SiC_p/6063 MMC can be reactive diffusion bonded by a composite joint. Because of the SiC segregations, however, there are a number of porous zones in the joining layer, which results in the low shear strength of the joints, even lower than that of joints reactive diffusion bonded by the insert layer of mixed Al-Si powder. The W added into the insert layer of Al-Si-W nearly all reacts with Al to form intermetallic WAl_ 12 during bonding. The reaction between the W and Al facilitates to form a dense joint of high quality, and the formed intermetallic WAl_ 12 has a reinforcing effect on the joints, which lead to the high shear strength of the joints. In general, under the condition of fixed bonding time (temperature), the shear strengths of the joints increase as the bonding temperature (time) increases, but tend to a maximum at bonding temperature of 600℃(time 90min).

HIP diffusion bonding of P/M titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti

The HIP diffusion bonding of P/M titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti using pure Ni as intermediate layer was studied. Bonding joint with complex bonding interface was obtained by HIPing pre-alloyed Ti-6Al-4V powders and stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti in a vacuum canning. The joint strengths were examined and the characteristics of bonding joint were observed. The result shows that the maximized strength of HIP diffusion bonding between P/M titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti can be up to 388 MPa and the microstructure of bonding joint is acceptable.

Effect of Curing Regime on Bonding Strength of EVA Modified Mortar to Tile

Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate （EVA） redispersible powder and latex were used to modify mortar. Three kinds of curing regimes： standard curing, high temperature curing and freeze-thaw circle curing were adopted to cure the bonded samples. Bonding strength of EVA modified mortar was tested at 28 days. The development of bonding strengths under all three curing regimes were discussed and compared. The experimental results show that bonding strength increases with the increase of EVA content in mortar. The curing regime used within 28 days is critical according to the bonding strengths values under three curing regimes for different ages. The reasons of that the EVA can improve the bonding strength were analyzed.

Cellular Automata Simulation of Gap-Filler Dissolution during Transient Liquid Phase Bonding of Single Crystal Materials

A new numerical model is developed using a Cellular Automata (CA) method to study the liquid-phase dissolution behavior of gap-filler powder particles in interlayer powder mixture during transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding process. The model prediction of microstructural evolution in TLP joint between single crystal substrates show that formation of misoriented stray-grains results from incomplete liquation of the gap-filler powder particles. In contrast to what is generally assumed and reported, numerical calculations coupled with experimental verification show that under properly selected process parameters, complete melting of the gap-filler powder particles is possible. This is imperative to prevent the formation of misoriented stray-grains and maintain single crystallinity during TLP bonding of single crystal materials. The dependence of complete melting of the gap-filler particles on salient TLP bonding parameters are analyzed and discussed.

Microstructure and bonding strength of Ni-based alloy coating

A Ni-Cr-B-Si coating technique was developed and successfully applied on austenite grey iron substrate in a conventional resistance furnace under graphite powder protection. The microstructure, phase distribution, chemical composition profile and microhardness along the coating layer depth were investigated. Shear strength of the coating was also tested. Microanalysis shows that the coating is consist of γ-Ni solution and γ-Ni+Ni3B lamellar eutectic, as well as small amount of Cr5B3 particles. Diffusion induced metallurgical bonding occurs at the coating/substrate interfaces, and the higher the temperature, the more sufficient elements diffused, the broader interfusion region and the larger bonding strength, but it has an optimum value. And the bonding strength at the interface can be enable to reach 250-270 MPa, which is nearly the same as that of processed by flame spray. The microhardness along the coating layer depth shows a gradient distribution manner.

粉末套管法Ti/Al/Ti复合板的界面结合性能

采用粉末套管法,通过“热轧+中间退火+进一步冷轧”工艺制备Ti/Al/Ti复合板。利用扫描电镜、电子探针、能谱仪、XRD分析以及万能实验机,研究不同制备参数下Ti/Al/Ti复合带材的界面形貌、元素分布、物相种类和界面结合强度。结果表明,单一脆性金属间化合物TiAl_(3)的产生会阻碍Ti/Al元素的扩散,扩散层厚度发生减薄。500℃退火,扩散层主要是由扩散形成的冶金结合层,局部区域有少量的金属间化合物TiAl_(3)生成,界面结合强度受冶金结合强度与机械结合强度的动态变化影响,随着压下率升高,结合强度先降低后升高再降低;550℃退火,界面反应增强,TiAl_(3)相逐渐增多,扩散层强度增加,冶金结合强度提高,由14.3 N/mm(500℃)增加至35.1 N/mm(550℃),随着压下率的增大,化合物层破碎程度增加,界面结合强度逐渐降低。

石粉替代率对聚合物机制砂粘结砂浆性能及微细观结构的影响

为研究凝灰岩石粉在聚合物粘结砂浆中应用的可行性,分析了石粉部分替代水泥对聚合物粘结砂浆工作性能及力学性能的影响规律,并采用压汞法(MIP)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)试验研究砂浆内部孔结构及水化产物微观形貌的变化规律。结果表明:凝灰岩石粉在聚合物粘结砂浆中具有较好的适用性;砂浆强度随石粉替代率的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,在替代率为15%(质量分数,下同)时,砂浆7 d、28 d抗折强度、抗压强度和粘结强度达到最大值,此时工作性能也较优。当石粉替代率不大于15%时,其对粘结砂浆微细观结构的影响以填充效应和晶核效应为主,可有效改善砂浆内部密实度,且有利于内部孔结构向少害孔和无害孔发展;当石粉替代率为15%时,H_(2)O、OH^(-)、CO_(3)^(2-)等特征振动峰强度最高,即此时内部水化最为充分;当石粉替代率超过15%时,石粉对粘结砂浆工作性能、力学性能和微细观结构均产生不利的影响。

高压作用下水泥基粉末材料的接触硬化研究综述

在高压作用下,一些具有无定型相的水泥基粉末材料会发生接触硬化现象,粉末颗粒在压力作用下发生缩聚运动,并在粉末颗粒间形成结构键,进而快速形成具有一定强度及耐水性的人造石材。本文综述了压力作用下水泥基粉末材料接触硬化的成键机理以及粉末水分含量、干燥条件、钙硅比、压制过程对其接触硬化性能影响的研究进展。相关研究结果表明,压力作用下粉末颗粒间会形成氢键、范德华力、固体桥键等结构键;粉末水分含量是影响接触硬化性能的重要因素,在压力作用下,水分可以改变粉末颗粒的表面性质并影响颗粒之间的结合,进而改变压制成品的力学性能;钙硅比对接触硬化性能的影响显著,不同粉末材料在压制时的最佳钙硅比亦是不同;摩擦力的存在降低了压制效率,造成压制成品密度、强度分布不均匀,润滑剂的加入可以有效降低摩擦力的影响;此外,降低压制模具高径比并使用双面压制可有效提升压制成品的质量。

一种无溶剂型电子封装用导电胶的研制

为了解决导电胶黏剂因综合性能不足而导致大规模应用的受限,本文以酚醛环氧、多官能环氧为导电胶树脂基体,选用了4,4′-二氨基二苯砜(DDS)作为固化剂,片状银粉作为导电填料,通过调节银粉和固化剂的用量,制备了有良好流变性、导电性、力学性能的导电胶。通过分析测试,得到导电胶的黏度为32 800 mPa·s,触变指数为4.0,体积电阻率为4.34×10^(-4)Ω·cm,剪切强度为17 MPa,热导率为3.96 W/(m·K),Cl^(-)、Na^(+)和K^(+)分别仅为6.79×10^(-5)、6.31×10^(-5)和<10^(-5)。该导电胶综合性能优异,可应用于电子元器件及其他导电导热功能性材料的粘接。

管道熔结环氧粉末外涂层抗冲击试验装置的设计

为了解决国内现有冲击试验机不能满足标准对管道熔结环氧粉末外涂层抗冲击试验要求的问题,设计了管道熔结环氧粉末外涂层抗冲击试验装置。使试验装置各冲击点之间的距离均大于50 mm,新装置的启用不仅使熔结环氧粉末外涂层抗冲击试验设备能够符合标准要求,操作简便,而且提高了试验准确度和试验效率,可为类似的抗冲击试验机的改进设计提供借鉴方法。

水泥及胶粉掺量对砂浆拉伸黏结强度的影响

为提高砂浆拉伸黏结强度,研究了不同水泥及胶粉掺量对砂浆拉伸黏结强度的影响。结果表明:当水泥掺量较低时,增加胶粉掺量能在一定程度上提高砂浆的拉伸黏结强度;当胶粉掺量较小时,增加水泥掺量能显著提高砂浆的拉伸黏结强度;当水泥掺量与胶粉掺量均较大时,同时增大水泥与胶粉掺量会降低砂浆的拉伸黏结强度。

内涂塑技术在巴油FPSO项目中的应用

随着海洋油气勘探的不断深入和深海油气资源的逐渐开发,FPSO(浮式生产储油船)已成为海上油气生产的主要设施之一。FPSO管道系统在海洋环境中长时间暴露于潮湿、腐蚀的条件下,对其防腐保护提出了更高的要求。探讨了内涂熔结环氧粉末涂层技术在巴西FPSO项目上的应用技术,为同类项目的施工提供建议。

金属闪光粉末涂料表面效果及颜色稳定性探索

通过对比不同树脂份、不同底粉粒径、不同邦定工艺对金属闪光粉末涂料涂层表面状况、金属闪烁效果以及颜色稳定性的影响,探索了金属闪光粉末涂料配方体系中,树脂份、底粉粒径、邦定工艺与涂层表面状况、金属闪烁效果以及颜色稳定性之间的联系,并提出了最佳工艺条件,从而为生产金属闪光粉末涂料提供理论基础和实验依据。

碳化钨粉末表面涂层改性金刚石粉末的涂层工艺及机理

粉末表面涂层技术能赋予粉末新的物理化学性质,电泳沉积技术能在改性碳化钨(WC)粉末表面涂层改性金刚石粉末。通过不同表征手段分析了金刚石的核壳结构及金刚石粉末与WC粉末间的包覆情况,研究了金刚石粉末含量对涂层效果的影响,比较了不同包覆工艺下粉末间的结合强度。结果表明,WC粉末质量与金刚石粉末质量的比为6∶1时,涂层效果最佳,改性后粉末间的强结合力来自COO-W、C-O-W等共价键形成的化学吸附与范德华力形成的物理吸附。