Clinical correlations between chronic hepatitis C infection and decreasing bone mass density after treatment with interferon-alpha

Objective: To compare the bone mass density in chronic hepatitis patients before and after interferon-a treatment.Methods: A total of 70 patients with chronic hepatitis C were treated with interferon-a and were evaluated. The treatment dosage was three million IU three times a week for one year. All the patients underwent bone mass density detection at lumbar spine and femoral neck before and after the interferon-a treatment. All the necessary information such as age,sex, and laboratory test, history of occurrence of fractures, lifestyle, and menopause status was collected by interviewers face-to-face from participants at the research visit. Smoking was categorized by whether participants were nonsmokers or smokers. Menopause was designated if there had been complete cessation of menses for more than 12 months. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS version 14(SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).Results: Among 70 patients, 52% were male, 48% were female and the mean age was(57.0 ± 9.6) years(range: 24–79). Twenty-nine percent of the patients had a history of smoking. The mean body mass index was(24.4 ± 3.6) kg/m^2(range: 18.4–35.3). Of the70 cases, 21 had high fibrosis-4. The prevalence of overall fracture history was 2.9%(two patients).Conclusions: Chronic hepatitis C virus infection did increase the risk of development of metabolic bone disease in this cohort. Indeed, greater reduction of bone mass density occurs in advanced liver fibrosis. The bone loss in earlier stages of chronic hepatitis C infection is likely to result from increased bone reduction rather than decreased bone formation. Overall, these observations suggest an important role for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in increased bone turnover in osteodystrophy pathogenesis.

Associations between Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index,bone mineral density and body composition in type 2 diabetes patients

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),a fast-growing issue in public health,is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders in older individuals.Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in T2DM patients and may result in fractures and disabilities.In people with T2DM,the association between nutrition,sarcopenia,and osteoporosis has rarely been explored.AIM To evaluate the connections among nutrition,bone mineral density(BMD)and body composition in patients with T2DM.METHODS We enrolled 689 patients with T2DM for this cross-sectional study.All patients underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)examination and were categorized according to baseline Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index(GNRI)values calculated from serum albumin levels and body weight.The GNRI was used to evaluate nutritional status,and DXA was used to investigate BMD and body composition.Multivariate forward linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with BMD and skeletal muscle mass index.RESULTS Of the total patients,394 were men and 295 were women.Compared with patients in tertile 1,those in tertile 3 who had a high GNRI tended to be younger and had lower HbA1c,higher BMD at all bone sites,and higher appendicular skeletal muscle index(ASMI).These important trends persisted even when the patients were divided into younger and older subgroups.The GNRI was positively related to ASMI(men:r=0.644,P<0.001;women:r=0.649,P<0.001),total body fat(men:r=0.453,P<0.001;women:r=0.557,P<0.001),BMD at all bone sites,lumbar spine(L1-L4)BMD(men:r=0.110,P=0.029;women:r=0.256,P<0.001),FN-BMD(men:r=0.293,P<0.001;women:r=0.273,P<0.001),and hip BMD(men:r=0.358,P<0.001;women:r=0.377,P<0.001).After adjustment for other clinical parameters,the GNRI was still significantly associated with BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck.Additionally,a low lean mass index and higherβ-collagen special sequence were associated with low BMD at all bone sites.Age was negatively correlated with ASMI,whereas weight was positively correlated with ASMI.CONCLUSION Poor nutrition,as indicated by a low GNRI,was associated with low levels of ASMI and BMD at all bone sites in T2DM patients.Using the GNRI to evaluate nutritional status and using DXA to investigate body composition in patients with T2DM is of value in assessing bone health and physical performance.

Bone mineral density in Iranian patients: Effects of age, sex, and body mass index

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial skeletal disease that is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD). BMD values depend on several factors such as age, sex and age at menopause. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and changes in bone mineral density in Iranian patients. Methods: Three hundred patients were selected through random sampling technique in 2009. BMD was assessed by Norland (Excell) technique at the lumbar and femoral neck. Weight and height were measured through standard methods. A thorough history was taken from each patient. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 13.0. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: From among the 300 studied patients, 86.6% were female. their mean age was 52.7 years. Their average body mass index (BMI) was 28.14 kg/m2. Mean T-Score at lumbar spine and femoral neck was -1.07 ±1.19 and -1.75 ± 1.33 respectively. Mean BMD value at lumbar spine and femoral neck was 0.92 ± 0.19 and 0.77 ± 0.16 respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis at lumbar spine and femoral neck was 33.7% and 16.7, respectively. There was a significant correlation between age, BMI and BMD values (P-Value Conclusion: This study shows that ageing and low BMI are risk factors associated with bone loss. it is recommended to measure BMD and implement prevention programs for high-risk people.

Bone mineral density in lifelong trained male football players compared with young and elderly untrained men

Purpose: The purpose of the present controlled cross-sectional study was to investigate proximal femur and whole-body bone mineral density(BMD), as well as bone turnover profile, in lifelong trained elderly male football players and young elite football players compared with untrained age-matched men.Methods: One hundred and forty healthy, non-smoking men participated in the study, including lifelong trained football players(FTE, n = 35)aged 65—80 years, elite football players(FTY, n = 35) aged 18—30 years, as well as untrained age-matched elderly(UE, n = 35) and young(UY,n = 35) men. All participants underwent a regional dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry(DXA) scan of the proximal femur and a whole-body DXA scan to determine BMD. From a resting blood sample, the bone turnover markers(BTMs) osteocalcin, carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen crosslinks(CTX-1), procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide(P1NP), and sclerostin were measured.Results: FTE had 7.3%—12.9% higher(p < 0.05) BMD of the femoral neck, wards, shaft, and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UE,and 9.3%—9.7% higher(p < 0.05) BMD in femoral trochanter in both legs compared to UY. FTY had 24.3%—37.4% higher(p < 0.001) BMD in all femoral regions and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UY. The whole-body DXA scan confirmed these results, with FTE showing similar whole-body BMD and 7.9% higher(p < 0.05) leg BMD compared to UY, and with FTY having 9.6% higher(p < 0.001) wholebody BMD and 18.2% higher(p < 0.001) leg BMD compared to UY. The plasma concentration of osteocalcin, CTX-1, and P1NP were 29%,53%, and 52% higher(p < 0.01), respectively, in FTY compared to UY.Conclusion: BMD of the proximal femur and whole-body BMD are markedly higher in lifelong trained male football players aged 65—80 years and young elite football players aged 18—30 years compared to age-matched untrained men. Elderly football players even show higher BMD in femoral trochanter and leg BMD than untrained young despite an age difference of 47 years.

The Relationship between Bone Mineral Density and Obesity in Women

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between obesity and osteoporosis. A total of 30 Saudi women, aged between 20 and 50 years, were selected randomly. We calculated each subject’s body mass index (BMI) and determined their lumbar and femur bone mineral densities using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We examined the interaction between obesity and bone mineral density (BMD) using logistic regression, after adjusting for age, family history of osteoporosis, maternal fractures, smoking, and any sedentary lifestyles. BMI was shown to be the most effective independent variable with respect to bone density. We evaluated the Pearson correlation coefficients of BMI, BMD of the lumbar spine, and BMD of the femoral neck with reference to the variables of the study, and found a significant correlation (P 30 kg/m2) were at increased risk of osteoporosis at the femoral neck and severe osteopenia in the lumbar spine.

Relationship of serum GDF11 levels with bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women

Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum GDF11 level, bone mass, and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women. Serum GDF11 level, bone turnover biochemical markers, and bone mineral density （BMD） were determined in 169 postmenopausal Chinese women （47-78 years old）. GDF11 serum levels increased with aging. There were negative correlations between GDF11 and BMD at the various skeletal sites. After adjusting for age and body mass index （BMI）, the correlations remained statistically significant. In the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, age or years since menopause, BMI, GDF11, and estradiol were independent predictors of BMD. A significant negative correlation between GDF11 and bone alkaline phosphatase （BAP） was identified and remained significant after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant correlation was noted between cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen （NTX） and GDF11. In conclusion, GDF11 is an independent negative predictor of BMD and correlates with a biomarker of bone formation, BAP, in postmenopausal Chinese women. GDF11 potentially exerts a negative effect on bone mass by regulating bone formation.

Study on Bone Mineral Density and its Influencing Factors among 1214 Older Adults in Xuhui District,Shanghai

Objective To understand the status of the forearm bone mineral density （BMD） in older adults, and to identify the potentialfactors influencing BMD. Methods A total of 1 214 older adults were examined, in Tianlin, Fenglin and Xietu sub-districts, of Xuhui district, Shanghai. BMD was tested at the left forearm, including distal radius and ulna 1/3 total, distal radius where the distance of radius and ulna is 8 mm, ultra-distal radius, by single energy X-ray densitometer. Results The BMD at all of the four sites decreased with the age increased. The average BMD was higher in male than in female for the same age and measured site. Distal radius 1/3 total had the highest BMD among the four sites. The incidence of low BMD and osteoporosis in distal forearm 1/3 radius total ascended with the age increased. Multiplied logistic regression showed that males had a lower risk to be low BMD （OR=0. 19） compared with female. Compared with the group aged from 50 to 54, the odds ratio in the group aged from 55 to 59, 60 to 64, and 65 to 70 were respectively 3.17, 5.13, 15.03. Compared with those whose monthly salary was less than 1 000, the odds ratio was O. 70 in those whose salary was more than 1 000. Conclusion The incidence of low BMD was high in older adults, and it is related with sex, age, monthly salary.

Discussion on the Relationship between Dieting and Bone Density among Female College Students and the Health Guidance

We studied the relationship between dieting and bone density among female college students and the current state thereof. Female college students are generally thin, with the time to giving birth and raising the next generation approaching. We expect the results of this study will be useful in improving health guidance. The subjects consisted of 124 female college students. Their average age was 21.4. The ultrasonic propagation velocity of the heel bone was measured as the bone density value. Body height, weight, and BMI (Body mass index) were also measured. Further, a multiple choice and short answer survey was conducted regarding their desire to be thin and dieting. Classifying the subjects by BMI, 16 students were underweight (13%), 102 students were of normal weight (84%), and 4 students were overweight (3%). 95% of those in the normal weight group had a desire to be thin, while 44% of the underweight group had a desire to be thin. Moreover, 31% of those in the normal weight group were currently on a diet, while 21% of the underweight group was also on a diet. The distribution of bone density (%YAM value: Young Adult Mean) was as follows: 61 students (49%) were in the high density group (≥100);58 students (47%) were in the middle density group (≥80 - <100);and 5 students (4%) were in the low density group (<80). The more the bone density decreased, the greater the proportion of students with dieting experience. Among students with no dieting experience, the %YAM value was high when the BMI value was high. All of the students in the low density group had a desire to be thin, even though their bone density was low. Students who do not need to be thin had a desire to be thin and were considering continuing dieting going forward. Moreover, some students fell into the %YAM low density group, which is worrisome for the future. It is believed necessary to reinforce health guidance regarding dieting and bone density in school education. In particular, it is necessary to improve guidance since we observed a lack of knowledge regarding osteoporosis prevention.

Skeletal events of Anastrozole versus Tamoxifen on bone mineral density and bone biomarker osteocalcin in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer

Objective： Postmenopausal women with breast cancer are at increased risk of bone loss because of age related estrogen deficiency face which accelerated with the use of aromatase inhibitors （AIs）. We aimed to study the effect on bone mineral density （BMD） and bone formation biomarker osteocalcin level in postmenopausal breast cancer patients, for the first three years of adjuvant hormonal treatment of both groups Tamoxifen versus Anastrozol. Methods： One-hundered postmenopausal breast cancers were prospectively randomized to receive either Tamoxifen 20 rag/day （n = 50） or Anastrozole 10 mg （n = 50）. Both BMD and osteocalcin were assessed initially before treatment and then at regular intervals for both groups. Results： Use of Tamoxifen was associated with significant annual decrease in osteocalcin （P = 0.001）, whereas Anastrozole group had gradual increase of the annual levels （P 〈 0.01）. BMD decreased significantly in Anastrozole versus Tamoxifen groups （2.6% vs. 0.4%, P 〈 0.001）. Osteoporosis T 〈 -2.5 was reported significantly higher in Anastrozole group （P 〈 0.01）. Women with initial osteopenia in Anastrozole group showed significant decrease in BMD （P 〈 0.05）. The addition of bisphosphonate for patients with early osteoporosis markedly improved both osteocalcin level and BMD. Conclusion： Tamoxifen preserves BMD in postmenopausal breast cancer patients, whereas Anastrozole accelerates age associated fall in BMD especially in the first year of therapy, moreover, the addition of bisphosphonate can help to decrease the skeletal related events associated with treatment to ensure better quality of life with treatment.

Relationship between Muscle Strength, Muscle Mass and BMD in Postmenopausal Female of Zhuang in Guangxi Province of China

Objective: To explore the correlation between muscle strength, muscle mass and bone mineral density (BMD) in Zhuang female population, body composition analysis and grip strength, and to analyze the possible influencing factors of BMD. Methods: 182 postmenopausal women were selected from Guangxi Province of China. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was used to evaluate BMD. Grip dynamometer to assess muscle strength. Height, weight and muscle mass of each part were measured by body composition measuring instrument. Body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and limb skeletal muscle mass (SM) were calculated according to the measurement results. Results: BUA, grip strength and SMI in postmenopausal women of Zhuang nationality showed a decreasing trend with age (p p p r = 0.305, p Conclusion: With the increase of age, the decline rate of muscle strength of postmenopausal Zhuang women in Guangxi is slower than that of BMD and muscle mass. SM can better reflect the BMD level of the body than SMI, and the LSM is the main influencing factor of BMD.

Profile of Bone Mass and Its Determining Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: Case-Control Study

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, beyond its well-known cardiovascular and neurological complications, is now increasingly recognized as having deleterious effects on bone tissue. It’s thus presented as an independent risk factor for bone fragility with a considerable fracture risk relating to many more or less intricate parameters. The general objective of our study is to assess bone mass during type 2 diabetes in Senegalese women. Methodology: We had carried out a cross-sectional and descriptive study. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected on the basis of a questionnaire. Then each of the subjects had undergone a complete clinical examination followed by a blood sample for a biological assessment of certain cardiovascular risk factors. Bone mass was measured using a bio-impedancemeter. Results: We recruited 88 women with type 2 diabetes and 83 healthy control women. The mean age of diabetic subjects was 52.7 years ± 6.8 (with extremes of 39 and 74 years). In control, the mean age was 51.0 ± 8.5 years (with extremes of 35 and 72 years). Among the diabetic subjects, 22 subjects or 25% practiced a regular walk against 27 (32.5%) in the control. Forty-three among the diabetic subjects (48.8%) were known hypertensive and followed. According to the body mass index, 71 patients (80.7%) were overweight compared to 59 (71.1%) controls. According to the waist size, 80 (90.9%) diabetic subjects had an elevated waist size compared to 69 control women (83.1%). Among diabetic subjects, 41 patients (46.5%) were hyperglycemic imbalance according to fasting blood glucose and 59 patients (67%) according to glycated hemoglobin level. Thirty-seven diabetics (42%), had both high fasting blood glucose and elevated glycated hemoglobin. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.68 ± 7.18 years. We found significantly higher bone mass in type 2 diabetic subjects (p = 0.03). Among diabetics, 27.3% had low bone mass compared to 36.1% of control. It’s noted that the subjects of the “low bone mass” group among the control subjects also have a significant drop in other anthropometric parameters (weight, body mass index, waist size, muscle mass). It should also be noted that the fat mass is significantly higher in diabetic subjects with normal or even high bone mass. In control subjects, bone mass was positively correlated with weight (r = 0.36;p = 0.001), muscle mass (r = 0.93;p < 0.0001) and fasting blood glucose (r = 0.26;p = 0.02);and negatively correlate with age (r = 0.22;p = 0.04). On the other hand, in type 2 diabetic subjects, bone mass is positively correlated with age (r = 0.22;p = 0.04), muscle mass (r = 0.89;p < 0.0001) and the diabetes duration (r = 0.44;p = 0.001). Conclusion: Bone mass is higher in type 2 diabetics compared to healthy controls. Chronic hyperglycemia and the diabetes duration are believed to be responsible for the increase in bone mass. In addition, an increase in muscle mass would lead to an increase in bone mass.

The changes of preoperative bone mineral density of patients with nonfunctional pituitary adenoma

Objective To evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) alteration of patients with nonfunctional pituitary adenoma in Chinese mainland and further to investigate the relevant factors of BMD changes. Methods 31 patients with nonfunctional adenoma and 255 healthy controls were enrolled in this study between December 2007 and May 2008.

中老年男性骨质疏松(OP)危险分层与定量超声骨密度(QUS-BMD)及双能X线骨密度(DXA-BMD)的相关性

目的分析亚洲人骨质疏松(osteporsis,OP)自我筛查工具(osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asian,OSTA)指数与骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的相关性,并探讨跟骨定量超声(quantitative ultrasound,QUS)测定BMD对中老年男性OP的诊断价值。方法对893例45岁以上男性研究对象行QUS-BMD检查,记录跟骨QUS-BMD及QUS-T值,测量身高、体重,计算OSTA指数,其中255例研究对象同时行双能X线(dual-energy Xray absorptionmetry,DXA)BMD测定,按OSTA分层标准将受试者分为OP高、中、低风险组。比较各组间跟骨QUS-BMD、QUS-T以及各部位DXA-BMD的差异,分析OSTA指数与髋部、腰椎DXA-BMD的相关性。根据WHO的OP诊断金标准(骨质疏松:T值≤-2.5,骨量减少:-2.5<T值<-1,骨量正常:T值≥-1)将受试者分为OP组、骨量减少组和骨量正常组,评价跟骨QUS-T值对OP的诊断价值。结果 DXA-BMD测定者中,OP者71例(27.8%),骨量减少者143例(56.1%),骨量正常者41例(16.1%)。OSTA分层高、中、低不同OP风险组中,股骨颈、全髋和全腰椎BMD逐渐升高,高危组明显低于中危组和低危组(P<0.05),而中、低危组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。OP风险高、中、低危3组中OP患病例数分别为37例(48.7%)、17例(17.5%)和17例(20.7%),高危组中OP患病例数显著高于中、低危组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析示OSTA指数与股骨颈、全髋及全腰椎BMD呈显著正相关(P<0.05),相应的相关系数分别为0.448、0.439和0.141。跟骨QUS-BMD和QUS-T值在不同OP风险组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。跟骨QUS-T值诊断OP的曲线下面积为0.753,最佳截断值为-1.3,相应的灵敏度和特异度分别为77.5%和61.4%。结论随着OSTA指数升高,OP风险降低,股骨颈、全髋及全腰椎的BMD升高,OSTA指数与各部位DXA-BMD成线性正相关。OSTA指数和跟骨QUST值对诊断中老年男性OP症筛查具有一定的价值。

不同运动水平对15～50岁正常人骨密度(BMD)影响的研究

目的 青少年时期提高峰值骨量是预防老年骨质疏松的重要措施。本文从大规模人群调查，研究运动对骨骼的发展，峰值骨量（ Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ ）及随后变化的影响。方法 在北京地区随机抽取７５７例北方出生长大的正常健康人，年龄１５～５０岁。在 Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ 形成前人群，运动量水平按与同年龄人相比分少、相同、多３类；在 Ｐ Ｍ Ｂ 形成后的人群，调查近５年运动量，按每天半小时，每周３小时计分成少于、达到或多于两组。用美国 Ｌｕｎａｒ 公司 Ｄ Ｐ Ｘ Ｌ 型骨密度仪测定７５７例对象的 Ｌ２ Ｌ４、股骨近端和全身 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ。结果 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ 测定值显示：男性＜ ２５岁组，运动水平高组与中等组比较，各部位 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ 差异均有显著性（ Ｐ ＜００１）。腰椎、股骨 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ 差异有非常显著性（ Ｐ ＜ ００１）。运动量高组与少组比较，腰椎、股骨 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ 差异有非常显著性。中等组女性＜ ３０岁组，运动量高的与中等组比较，腰椎和全身部位的 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ 有统计学差异；女性＞ ３０岁组，运动量高和中等组与低运动量组比较，在腰椎部位的 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ

双能X线吸收法测量252例正常人BMD结果分析

２５２例正常人，男性１１７例，女性１３５例，年龄范围２０～７８岁，每１０岁为一个年龄组。用ＳＰＡ测量桡骨ＢＭＤ，用ＤＥＸＡ测量腰椎、左右髋骨ＢＭＤ及全身ＢＭＣ，结果表明桡骨、腰椎及全身的峰值骨量年龄在３０～３９岁，股骨颈、ｗａｎｄ＇ｓ三角的峰值骨量年龄在２０～２９岁，没有性别差异。女性４０岁以后骨丢失速度明显快于男性，到６０岁时，桡骨、股骨颈、ｗａｒｄ＇ｓ三角ＢＭＤ及全身ＢＭＣ低于Ｔ评分临界值。男性７０岁时股骨颈骨丢失低于Ｔ评分临界值。

DEXA测量松质骨BMD与其生物力学相关性

目的研究人股骨头主要承重区骨密度(Bone Mineral Density,BMD)与骨生物力学相关性;探讨双能X线骨密度仪(Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry,DEXA)对股骨颈骨折治疗的临床参考价值。方法收集2002年11月至2004年12月收治的股骨颈骨折患者行假体置换术取下的股骨头共42例。采用双能X线骨密度仪(Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry,DEXA)测量离体股骨头主要承重区BMD值;在股骨头主要承重区取柱状试件,行纵向压缩力学试验,记录极限应力、极限能量和弹性模量。利用SPSS12.0软件对数据进行正态分布检验后,采用双变量相关性分析法(Pearson相关分析法或Spearman相关分析法)判定BMD与极限应力、极限能量和弹性模量的相关性。结果(1)BMD测量值在0.39～1.05g/cm2之间,呈正态分布,为0.71±0.17g/cm2;(2)极限应力在2.09～23.49MPa范围之间,呈非正态分布,为9.69±6.36MPa;(3)极限能量在2.04～11.76J范围之间,呈非正态分布,为5.45±2.80J;(4)弹性模量在16.59～218.58MPa之间,呈非正态分布,为88.89±48.45MPa;(5)人股骨头主要承重区BMD与极限应力具有线性正相关性,rs=0.765,P<0.001;(6)人股骨头主要承重区BMD与极限能量具有线性正相关性,rs=0.717,P<0.001;(7)人股骨头主要承重区BMD与弹性模量具有线性正相关性,rs=0.669,P<0.001;结论BMD与极限应力、极限能量和弹性模量具有线性正相关性,通过测量股骨头的BMD可以初步预测骨的抗压强度和硬度。

健康人群腰椎aBMD和vBMD检测及临床应用

目的观察成都地区健康人群腰椎面积骨密度（aBMD）、体积骨密度（vBMD）的变化规律;探讨体重指数（BMI）、体表面积（BS）与腰椎aBMD、vBMD的关系。方法①用LUNAR公司生产的EXPERT-XL双能X线骨密度仪,按常规的骨密度检测方法,测定成都地区健康体检者636例（男性247例,女性389例）,年龄20～90岁,测定部位包括腰椎正位、侧位L2-4。计算出体积骨密度。②统计学处理：用SPSS 13.0统计软件,按年龄、性别分别输入数据,以10岁为一年龄组,分别计算各组骨密度值,结果以-x±s表示。BMI、BS与aBMD、vBMD相关性用pearson相关分析。结果①男性腰椎aBMD、vBMD峰值骨密度出现在30～39岁;女性腰椎aBMD、vBMD峰值骨密度出现在20～29岁;随着年龄增加,骨密度逐渐降低。②男女腰椎aBMD累积最高丢失率分别为11.2%、30.1%,女性累积丢失率明显高于男性。男女腰椎vBMD累积最高丢失率分别为14.2%、30.4%,女性累积丢失率明显高于男性。③男性BMI、BS与aBMD骨密度呈正相关,r=0.241～0.371（P〈0.01）;与vBMD L2-4无明显相关性（P〉0.05）。女性BMI、BS与aBMD呈正相关,r=0.143～0.425（P〈0.01）;与vBMD L2-4无明显相关性（P〉0.05）。结论①男、女腰椎aBMD、vBMD分别在30～39岁,20～29岁达峰值;女性更应注意预防骨质疏松。②健康人群BMI、BS与腰椎aBMD呈正相关,与vBMD无明显相关性。

绝经前期妇女血清PINP、ICTP和25-OH-VitD_3水平的变化及其与BMD的相关性分析

目的:观察绝经前期妇女血清PINP、ICTP和25-OH-VitD3水平的变化,分析其与骨密度(BMD)的相关性。方法:采用双能X线吸收法(DEXA)对67例绝经前期健康女性进行第(1～4)腰椎(L1-4)、左、右髋部(股骨近段+股骨颈)的BMD测定,并根据BMD测定结果分为BMD正常组和BMD降低组。用放射免疫分析(RIA)测定血清Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)、Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽(ICTP)和25-羟维生素D3(25-OH-VitD3),分析与各部位BMD的相关性。结果:①19例出现BMD降低(28.4%),两组间腰椎及左、右髋部BMD差异显著(P<0.01);②BMD减低组的PINP和ICTP[分别为(56.9±18.2)μg/L和(3.78±0.83)μg/L]高于BMD正常组[分别为(43.8±15.1)μg/L和(3.45±0.98)μg/L],其中PINP差异显著(P<0.05),25-OH-VitD3水平两组间无显著性差异[分别为(25.6±7.8)ng/ml和(27.4±9.2)ng/ml,P>0.05];③PINP与L1-4、左股骨近段、左股骨颈的BMD呈正相关(r=0.274～0.402,P<0.05),ICTP及25-OH-VitD3与BMD无明显相关性(r=-0.226～0.083,P>0.05),PINP与25-OH-VitD3呈一定程度的正相关(r=0.395,P<0.05)。结论:绝经前期妇女有骨转换增高趋势,BMD检查联合骨转换标志物测定有利于识别绝经前期高风险发生骨质疏松的妇女,以指导OP预防性治疗。

青少年强直性脊柱炎早期年龄、身高、体重与L_(1-4)BMC、L_(1-4)BMD相关性初步分析

目的 研究青少年强直性脊柱炎 (Ankylosingspondylitis,AS)早期年龄、身高、体重与腰椎L1 -4骨矿含量 (L1 -4BMC)、腰椎L1 -4骨密度 (L1 -4BMD)的相关性。方法 选择男性青少年AS早期病例 31例。应用DPX -IQ双能X线骨密度仪 (DEXA)检测L1 -4BMC和L1 -4BMD ,分析年龄、身高、体重与L1 -4BMC、L1 -4BMD的关系。结果年龄、身高、体重、L1 -4BMC、L1 -4BMD的测定值分别为 (1 7 5 6± 2 0 1 )岁、 (1 6 8 5 2± 8 5 9)cm、 (5 6 1 3±1 2 72 )kg、 (5 2 1 6± 1 2 1 7)g、 (0 971 1± 0 1 392 ) g/cm2 。L1 -4BMC与身高、体重和年龄呈正相关 (R =0 786 ,Radj2 =0 5 75 ,P <0 0 0 0 1 ) ,其中身高和体重是主要相关因素 (R =0 74 7,Radj2 =0 5 2 6 ,P <0 0 0 0 1 )。年龄、身高和体重因素中仅体重因素进入L1 -4BMD回归方程 (R =0 6 5 7,Radj2 =0 4 1 2 ,P <0 0 0 0 1 )。结论 身高和体重与L1 -4BMC相关 ,体重与L1 -4BMD相关。

Optimization of Physical Activity as a Countermeasure of Bone Loss: A 5-Year Study of Bikram Yoga Practice in Females

Over the last decade, the number of people diagnosed with osteoporosis has increased dramatically due to many factors. While it has been asserted that one variable associated with preserving bone health is participation in high-impact exercises, those same exercises are also well documented to damage the hip and knee joints. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to evaluate the potential benefits of a highly regimented, low impact weight-bearing exercise, Bikram Yoga. Specifically, the bone mineral content was measured using DEXA analysis of the proximal femur and lumbar spine of nine female Bikram Yoga instructors between the ages of 30 and 59, who not only participated in a minimum of 3 classes (4.5 hours) a week, but also actively taught Bikram Yoga classes. These same participants, who remained active as instructors and practitioners, were rescanned five years later. The results of the study, which focused on the percent change in individual bone mineral density over the five-year period were as follows: the premenopausal subjects showed a mean increase in BMD of 6.6% at the femoral neck, 2.0% for the total hip, and 1.0% for the total lumbar spine. In contrast, post-menopausal subjects revealed a mean decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) of ﹣6.0%, ﹣8.1%, and ﹣5.6% in the femoral neck, total hip, and total lumbar spine, respectively. Consequently, the results of this study suggest that performing Bikram Yoga may preserve, or even perhaps, increase bone mineral density in pre-menopausal women and hence, may be an effective countermeasure for preventing osteoporosis.