Specialization or Diversification:Which is More Conducive to Foreign Trade Resilience?Evidence from China-Russia Border Regions in Northeast China

Under the background of complex international situation,how to build the special geo-economic space of China-Russia bor-der lies in strengthening their foreign trade resilience against external shocks.Based on empirical evidence from ten prefecture-level China-Russia border regions in Northeast China,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of foreign trade resilience under dif-ferent shocks.Furthermore,through the Panel Regression model,the mechanism of the industrial structure on the foreign trade resili-ence in contraction period and expansion period was discussed.The results showed that:1)from 2004 to 2021,foreign trade in China-Russia border regions experienced five phases.The overall foreign trade resilience was higher than expected,showing a rising volatility trend,but there was significant spatial heterogeneity in the ability of cities to cope with shocks.2)Highly specialized clusters were mainly concentrated in Yichun,Heihe and Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture,while Mudanjiang and Yanbian performed better in related and unrelated diversification.3)In different stages of economic system evolution,the response mode,degree and result of border foreign trade resilience to regional industrial structure showed obvious stage characteristics.During the contraction period,related diversifica-tion was more conducive to improving the resistance through risk spillovers.During the expansion period,specialization played a more significant role in improving regional resilience through self-reinforcing effect.These results are beneficial for expanding the resilience theory,ensuring border economic security and optimizing border industrial investment layout.

Border Sensitive Knowledge Distillation for Rice Panicle Detection in UAV Images

Research on panicle detection is one of the most important aspects of paddy phenotypic analysis.A phenotyping method that uses unmanned aerial vehicles can be an excellent alternative to field-based methods.Nevertheless,it entails many other challenges,including different illuminations,panicle sizes,shape distortions,partial occlusions,and complex backgrounds.Object detection algorithms are directly affected by these factors.This work proposes a model for detecting panicles called Border Sensitive Knowledge Distillation(BSKD).It is designed to prioritize the preservation of knowledge in border areas through the use of feature distillation.Our feature-based knowledge distillation method allows us to compress the model without sacrificing its effectiveness.An imitation mask is used to distinguish panicle-related foreground features from irrelevant background features.A significant improvement in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)images is achieved when students imitate the teacher’s features.On the UAV rice imagery dataset,the proposed BSKD model shows superior performance with 76.3%mAP,88.3%precision,90.1%recall and 92.6%F1 score.

Application and Adaptability of Ornamental Grasses in Road Flower Borders in Hefei, Anhui Province

In-depth research was conducted on the types,seasonal patterns,spatial levels,overwintering,summering,drought resistance,and disease and pest resistance of ornamental grasses in the road flower borders of Hefei,Anhui Province.Through field investigations,a total of 36 ornamental grasses were identified,with Liliaceae having the most species and the Lamiaceae the least.The results show that there are more warm season ornamental grasses,of 23 species;Acorus gramineus and Melinis minutiflora have poor overwintering ability;Arrhenatherum elatius,Festuca glauca,and Stipa tenuissima have poor summer tolerance;most ornamental grasses have strong drought resistance and resistance to pests and diseases.The comprehensive investigation shows that ornamental grasses have good application prospects and adaptability in the road flower borders in Hefei city.

AHP-based Landscape Value Evaluation of Perennial Flower Border Application in Hefei City

An analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was employed to establish a landscape value evaluation model for 20 common species of perennial flowers in the flower border of Hefei City.With the overarching objective of determining the application value of the flower border,10 evaluation factors were identified and subsequently classified into 3 distinct grades.Grade I(L>2.5)was defined as perennial flower resources with the highest development and utilization value,including only one species of Salvia farinacea.Grade II(2.0≤L≤2.5)was defined as perennial flower varieties suitable for most areas,encompassing 9 species of plants,such asTaraxacummongolicum.Grade III(L<2.0)was defined as perennial flower varieties with low application value,encompassing 10 species of plants,such asRuellia brittoniana,but lacking the value of further popularization and application.Consequently,the proportion of their application in the flower border should be reduced.The evaluation results can serve as a theoretical foundation for the implementation of perennial flowers in urban flower borders.

Application of Flower Borders in Hefei City

The application value of 70 kinds of flowers in Hefei City was evaluated by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).From the three aspects of adaptability,ornamental value and economic traits,12 indicators were summarized to establish a comprehensive evaluation system.The results show that the application of grade-I plants(J≥3.6642)in flower borders is the most suitable,and they include 19 species of plants such as Osmanthus fragrans var.thunbergii,accounting for 27.14%.The application of grade-II plants(3.2319≤J≤3.6641)in flower borders is suitable,and 36 species of plants such as Jacobaea maritima are included,with the proportion of 51.42%.The application of grade-III plants(2.7935≤J≤3.2318)in flower borders is relatively suitable,and they contain 8 species of plants such as Acer palmatum’Atropurpureum’(Van Houtte)Schwerim,accounting for 11.42%.Grade-IV plants(J≤2.7934)can be applied in flower borders under special circumstances,and include 6 species of plants such as Muehlenbeckia complexa Meisn.,accounting for 8.57%.The results can provide reference for the selection of flower border plants in Hefei.The locations and types of 40 flower borders were summarized to provide a basis for the development direction and future planning of flower borders in Hefei.

Cross-border E-commerce Accelerates Diversely Abroad

“Strength”and“vitality”are the comments that people in the industry have used to describe China’s cross-border e-commerce in 2023,which has been proven by the latest statistics.According to the General Administration of Customs,in 2023,the total volume of imports and exports was RMB 2.38 trillion,up by 15.6%.The volume of exports was RMB 1.83 billion,up by 19.6%,and the volume of imports was RMB 548.3 billion,up by 3.9%.

Enhancement of Competitiveness of Border Trade Entrepreneurs: Case Study of Su-Ngai Kolok Checkpoint, Narathiwat Province

This research aimed to analyze the enhancement of competitiveness among fruit and vegetable export entrepreneurs,with the case study of the Su-ngai Kolok checkpoint in Narathiwat Province.This research focused on three objectives:(1)examining how competitiveness is enhanced through government support and the development of border trade zones,(2)studying the supply chain dynamics,including strategic factors and opportunities in agricultural product management,and(3)developing a model for border trade to strengthen exporters’capabilities.The research employed qualitative methods,with data collected from 25 informants through interviews and employed descriptive methods.The research results revealed that:(1)government agencies play a crucial role in improving competitiveness by developing border economic zones and trade policies;additionally,(2)the research highlighted the importance of strategic partnerships,network building,and efficient logistics along the value chain;(3)the proposed Border Trade Model includes elements for instance government policy,partnerships,entrepreneurial potential,and transportation channels,aiming to enhance the overall efficiency and effectiveness of vegetable and fruit exporters in the region.

Research on the Employment View of Acupuncture and Tuina Undergraduates in Minority Border Areas from Students’ Perspective

With the popularization of higher education in China,the employment situation of college students is more complex and severe.This paper adopts the questionnaire method to explore the employment view of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The employment concept of acupuncture and tuina undergraduates in the minority border areas has changed greatly.After graduation,97.95%of students choose to work in fields related to medicine and acupuncture,prefer positions close to home,and are attracted to high-salary companies,among other factors.Therefore,enhancing the competitive advantages of medical students by guiding their career planning,providing employment selection advice,fostering innovation and entrepreneurship,improving basic skills,and offering graduate entrance examination guidance is crucial for broadening their employment opportunities.

Border effects of the main and ratoon crops in the rice ratooning system

The border effect(BE)is widely observed in crop field experiments,and it has been extensively studied in many crops.However,only limited attention has been paid to the BE of ratoon rice.We conducted field experiments on ratoon rice in Qichun County,Hubei Province,Central China in 2018 and 2019 to compare the BE in the main and ratoon crops,and to quantify the contribution of BE in the main crop to that in the ratoon crop.The BE of two hybrid varieties was measured for the outermost,second outermost,and third outermost rows in each plot of both crops.To determine the contribution of BE between the two crops,portions of hills in the outermost and second outermost rows were uprooted during the harvest of the main crop so that the second and third outermost rows then became the outermost rows in the ratoon crop.Overall,the BE on grain yield was greater in the main crop than in the ratoon crop.In the main crop,the BE on grain yield was 98.3%in the outermost row,which was explained by the BE on panicles m^(–2),spikelets/panicle,spikelets m^(–2),and total dry weight.In the ratoon crop,the BE on grain yield was reduced to 60.9 and 27.6%with and without the contribution of the BE in the main crop,respectively.Consequently,55.1%of the BE on grain yield in the ratoon crop was contributed from the main crop.High stubble dry weight and non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)accumulation at the harvest of the main crop were responsible for the contribution of BE in the main crop to that in the ratoon crop.Our results suggest that increases in stubble dry weight and NSC accumulation at the harvest of the main crop could be important strategies for developing high-yielding cropping practices in the rice ratooning system.

A multi-UAV deployment method for border patrolling based on Stackelberg game

To strengthen border patrol measures, unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) are gradually used in many countries to detect illegal entries on borders. However, how to efficiently deploy limited UAVs to patrol on borders of large areas remains challenging. In this paper, we first model the problem of deploying UAVs for border patrol as a Stackelberg game. Two players are considered in this game: The border patrol agency is the leader,who optimizes the patrol path of UAVs to detect the illegal immigrant. The illegal immigrant is the follower, who selects a certain area of the border to pass through at a certain time after observing the leader’s strategy. Second, a compact linear programming problem is proposed to tackle the exponential growth of the number of leader’s strategies. Third, a method is proposed to reduce the size of the strategy space of the follower. Then, we provide some theoretic results to present the effect of parameters of the model on leader’s utilities. Experimental results demonstrate the positive effect of limited starting and ending areas of UAV’s patrolling conditions and multiple patrolling altitudes on the leader ’s utility, and show that the proposed solution outperforms two conventional patrol strategies and has strong robustness.

Cross-border E-commerce Remains A Strong Engine of China’s Foreign Trade

The foreign trade industry in China had a good start in general this year,thanks to the rapid growth in cross-border e-commerce.The 2022 China Cross Border E-Commerce Market Data Report was released at the cross-border e-commerce roundtable meeting held on March 30th this year,indicating that cross-border e-commerce made a contribution of 37.32%to China’s total import and export trade value in goods(RMB 42.07 trillion)in 2022.

The Establishment of International Rules for Cross-Border Data Flow under Major Country Competition

As major country competi­tion is becoming ever more intense,data has become a key strategic resource,making rules of cross-border data flow go­ing beyond the business scope in a traditional sense and becoming a strategic issue concerning national development and security.Relevant parties compete against each other in three major areas of the collec­tion of cross-border law enforcement data,cross-border flow of corporate data.

Strategies for Promoting Ethnic Unity through Hubei Border Tea

Based on a questionnaire survey and on-site research on the overview of the border tea industry,the importance of the development of border tea for ethnic unity work is analyzed,and improvement suggestions and implementation strategies are proposed.

Progress of Central Bank Digital Currency in Cross-border Payments and the Application Prospect in the Oil and Gas Field

The rapid development of the digital economy and profound changes in currency functions have driven the emergence of a large number of digital currencies.In order to improve the competitiveness and efficiency of payment systems,governments all over the world have accelerated the research and development of central bank digital currency(CBDC).After years of preparation and research and development,Digital renminbi has also entered the pilot application stage.Given the many shortcomings of the current cross-border payment system,CBDC cross-border payment has become an important development direction.At present,some central banks are collaborating on CBDC cross-border payment research and initiating experimental plans to explore CBDC cross-border payment arrangements.With the expansion of the acceptance range of Digital renminbi and the improvement of the international use level of CNY,oil and gas enterprises will have broad prospects in the cross-border payment field in the future.This paper suggests that oil and gas enterprises,in accordance with the principle of"from easy to difficult,step by step",give priority to the introduction of Digital renminbi from regions and fields where RMB or local currency settlement has been achieved,and combine Digital renminbi with imported oil and gas to explore the use of Digital renminbi in cross-border payment.

RETURNING CROSS-BORDER LOGISTICS TO NORMAL The reopening of Ruili,a city on the border of China and Myanmar,signals that cross-border trade between the two countries is poised to recover

After closing for 1,012 days due to the COVID-19 pandemic,the Jiegao border gate in Ruili City,south China’s Yunnan Province,reopened on January 8,2023.On January 14,traffic between Ruili and Muse in Myanmar resumed at the Ruili-Kyalgaung border crossing and the Sino-Myanmar Friendship Street crossing.Still,the Border Gate crossing remains closed.

Developmental Regulation and Biological Functions of Root Border Cells in Higher Plants

Root border cells, previously referred to as sloughed root cap cells, is a special cell population which separates in large numbers from the periphery of the root cap and accumulates in the root tip. Recent evidence reveals that border cells, whose development is regulated by endogenous and exogenous signals, are biologically viable in the majority of higher plant species. As soon as border cells detach from root cap periphery, their metabolic activity dramatically increases in accordance with a differential gene expression from that in root cap cells. Recently, PsUGT1 and RCPME1, relevant to the early and late stage of border cell development, respectively, have been cloned and functionally identified. Border cells can synthesize specially and export a diverse array of chemicals including anthocyanins, antibiotics, special enzymes and other substances, that either inhibit or promote the growth of other entities in rhizosphere such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes, and also antagonize some toxic chemicals around the root tip in soil such as aluminum toxicity. Therefore, there are multiple biological roles played by border cells during plant growth and development.

美国B&N与Borders书店的POP广告

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Application of Flower Border at Senlinyicheng Residential District in Qinhuangdao City

Application of flower border in Senlinyicheng Residential District(or Leisure Forest City) was investigated and analyzed.The results showed that(a) there are 18 flower border species of 11 families,and 16 of them are perennial and bulbous flower species,accounting for 88.9% of the total;(b) flowering season lasts from April to the late October;(c) flower borders are colorful and dominated by large lumps of colors;(d) there are 3 major types:forest edge flower border,roadside flower border and waterfront flower border.Meanwhile,problems of flower border in the study district were summarized as poor sustainability,poor landscape effects in early spring,autumn and winter,monotonous landscapes and ineffective management.Correspondingly,countermeasures were given as enhancing the sustainability of flower border landscapes,improving landscape effects in early spring,autumn and winter,applying more species with better cold and stress resistance.

Establishment and Application of Flower Border Plant Database for Beijing

Through field investigation and phenological observation, Microsoft Access database management system is used to establish a relatively comprehensive database of flower border plant materials for Beijing which can provide multi-perspective retrieval channels, so as to effectively select materials for designing and building flower borders.

CONCEPTION OF ESTABLISHING THE SINO-RUSSIAN BORDER FREE ECONOMIC REGION

So called free economic region is a special region without jurisdiction of customs, delimited by one country. There are mainly four types of free economic region, that is, commercial type of free economic region —free port, industrial type of free economic region — export processing area, integrated commercial and trade type of free economic region — free trade zone, and scientific and technological type of free economic region — scientific industrial park. With the development of free economic region of different countries, besides free economic region within one country, there appear transnational border free economic region established by two or multiple countries. Analysing favorable factors and unfavorable factors to establish the free economic region for China and Russia, for example, China and Russia have land boundary line of 4282.7 km; China and Russia may strengthen overall cooperation in politics, military, economy, science and technology, culture, etc. making full use of geographical factors of the two countries, borders; there is a strong complementarity in resources, labour force etc. for China and Russia; strengthening the Sino Russian economic trade cooperation is needed, the authors proposed a conception and selected four comparative ideal locations for establishing the Sino Russian border free economic region: Manzhouli Zabaikalye Free Economic Region, Heihe Blagoveshchensk Free Economic Region, Suifenhe Pogranichnyy Free Economic Region, Hunchun Hasan Free Economic Region. Finally the principles and patterns for establishing free economic region are discussed.