Electrical structure identification of deep shale gas reservoir in complex structural area using wide field electromagnetic method

To fully exploit the technical advantages of the large-depth and high-precision artificial source electromagnetic method in the complex structure area of southern Sichuan and compensate for the shortcomings of the conventional electromagnetic method in exploration depth,precision,and accuracy,the large-depth and high-precision wide field electromagnetic method is applied to the complex structure test area of the Luochang syncline and Yuhe nose anticline in the southern Sichuan.The advantages of the wide field electromagnetic method in detecting deep,low-resistivity thin layers are demonstrated.First,on the basis of the analysis of physical property data,a geological–geoelectric model is established in the test area,and the wide field electromagnetic method is numerically simulated to analyze and evaluate the response characteristics of deep thin shale gas layers on wide field electromagnetic curves.Second,a wide field electromagnetic test is conducted in the complex structure area of southern Sichuan.After data processing and inversion imaging,apparent resistivity logging data are used for calibration to develop an apparent resistivity interpretation model suitable for the test area.On the basis of the results,the characteristics of the electrical structure change in the shallow longitudinal formation of 6 km are implemented,and the transverse electrical distribution characteristics of the deep shale gas layer are delineated.In the prediction area near the well,the subsequent data verification shows that the apparent resistivity obtained using the inversion of the wide field electromagnetic method is consistent with the trend of apparent resistivity revealed by logging,which proves that this method can effectively identify the weak response characteristics of deep shale gas formations in complex structural areas.This experiment,it is shown shows that the wide field electromagnetic method with a large depth and high precision can effectively characterize the electrical characteristics of deep,low-resistivity thin layers in complex structural areas,and a new set of low-cost evaluation technologies for shale gas target layers based on the wide field electromagnetic method is explored.

Three-dimensional inversion of borehole-surface electrical data based on quasi-analytical approximation

3D inversion of borehole-surface electrical data for complex geo-electrical models is still a challenging problem in geophysical exploration. We have developed a program for 3D inversion to borehole-surface electrical data based on the quasi-analytical approximation （QA） and re-weighted regularized conjugate gradient method （RRCG） algorithms using Visual Fortran 6.5. Application of the QA approximation to forward modeling and Frechet derivative computations speeds up the calculation dramatically. The trial calculation for synthetic data of theoretical model showed that the program is fast and highly precise.

A model study of residual oil distribution jointly using crosswell and borehole-surface electric potential methods

Although high resolution can be provided by electrical logging, the measured electrical log range is narrow and is limited to near the well. Borehole-surface electric potential measurements are able to detect a wide enough range but its resolution is limited, particularly for reservoirs with complex oil and water distribution or complicated structure. In this study, we attempt to accurately locate the 3-D reservoir water and oil distribution by combining borehole-surface and crosswell electric potentials. First, the distributions of oil and water in both vertical and horizontal directions are detected by the borehole-surface and erosswell electric potential methods, respectively, and then the measured crosswell potential result is used to calibrate the measured borehole-surface electric potential data to improve vertical resolution so that the residual oil distribution is determined in a lower half-space with three dimensions. The evaluation of residual oil distribution is obtained by investigation of differences between the simulation results of the reservoir with and without water flooding. The finite difference numerical simulation results prove that the spatial residual oil distribution can be effectively determined by combining the crosswell and borehole-surface electric potentials.

Groundwater Potential Mapping in Lapan Gwari Community Using Integrated Remote Sensing and Electrical Resistivity Soundings

This research aims to address the pressing issue of failed and abandoned wells, causing water scarcity in Lapan Gwari Community, through an improved groundwater exploration approach integrating remote sensing and electrical resistivity soundings. The study area, located within the Zungeru Sheet 163 SE, spans Latitudes 9°30'00"N to 9°32'00"N and Longitudes 6°28'00" to 6°30'00". The surface geologic, structural, and hydrogeological mapping provided essential insights into the hydrogeological framework. Leveraging SRTM DEM data, thematic maps were created for geomorphology, slope, land use, lineament density, and drainage density. These datasets were then integrated using ArcGIS to develop a preliminary groundwater potential zones map. Further investigations were conducted using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Electrical Resistivity Imaging (2D VES) surveys at targeted locations identified by the preliminary map. Results show that the study area predominantly consists of crystalline rocks of the Nigerian Basement Complex, primarily comprising schist and granite with minor occurrences of quartz vein intrusions. Surface joint directions indicated a dominant NE-SW trend. The VES data revealed three to four geoelectric layers, encompassing the topsoil (1 to 5 m depth, resistivity: 100 Ωm to 300 Ωm), the weathered layer (in the 3-layer system) or fractured layer (in the 4-layer system), and the fresh basement rock characterized by infinite resistivity. The shallow weathered layers (3 to 30 m thickness) are believed to hold aquiferous potential. Hydrogeological interpretation, facilitated by 2D resistivity models, delineated water horizons trapped within clayey sand and weathered/fractured formations. Notably, the aquifer resistivity range was found to be between 3 - 35 m and 100 - 300 Ωm, signifying a promising aquifer positioned at depths of 40 to 88 m. This aligns with corroborative static water level measurements. Given this, we recommend drilling depths of a minimum of 80 m to ensure the acquisition of sufficient and sustainable water supplies. The final groundwater potential zones map derived from this study is expected to serve as an invaluable guide for prospective groundwater developers and relevant authorities in formulating effective water resource management plans. By effectively tackling water scarcity challenges in Lapan Gwari Community, this integrated approach demonstrates its potential for application in similar regions facing comparable hydrogeological concerns.

煤田震电协同勘探技术研究与应用

近年来煤田震电协同勘探技术在设计、处理分析方面都取得了较大的发展,从采区最常使用的三维地震勘探、瞬变电磁勘探方法入手,对采集到的各种数据运用主成分分析(PCA)进行融合处理,解译煤矿采区工作面的异常地质体及富水性等隐蔽致灾因素。该技术实现了三维地震、瞬变电磁勘探在数据层面的综合勘探,提高了物探解释煤矿采区工作面地质异常体(富水性)的准确性,为震电协同勘探技术体系的构建提供了新思路,为煤矿安全、高效、绿色生产提供了保障。

“电机与电气控制技术”课程教学改革实践探索

“电机与电气控制技术”课程是电气自动化专业的一门核心课程。根据其课程特点和学情特点,教学团队应从设计思路、内容选取、任务实施、考核评价四个方面对该课程进行改革。教学实践证明,以学生为中心的项目化教学,能充分发挥学生的主观能动性,取得良好的教学效果。

电火工品换能元性能优化的策略与展望

伴随着高安全性、高可靠性、低能发火和高能输出等应用需求,电火工品换能元的发展经历了技术交叉、融合创新的过程。本文从电火工品换能元的发展历程、技术发展热点和发展展望3个方面对其进行了梳理总结,从内部需求牵引下的换能机制和外部技术驱动下学科交叉2个方面对电火工品换能元的发展历程进行了综合阐述。最后,从本质机理探究、安全性和可靠性兼顾、功能拓展3个方面,陈述了对电火工品换能元未来发展思路的一些见解。

我国空间推进技术领域发展思考与建议

我国空间推进技术领域历经60余年发展形成了较完善的技术体系和较丰富的产品谱系,支持了载人航天、应用卫星、深空探测等重大工程应用;面向我国航天领域未来规划、重大工程和科学项目的应用需求,空间推进系统现有的技术水平存在不足,亟需谋划创新发展和突破方向。本文从电推进、化学推进、核推进、新概念空间推进等角度出发,系统梳理了空间推进系统的发展现状;重点提炼了高性能、低成本的空间推进系统支撑低轨小卫星组网发展,大推力、可重复使用的低温化学推进技术推动新型空间运输系统发展,多类型、长寿命的空间推进技术保障深空关键应用等未来应用需求。研究认为,我国空间推进技术领域面临系统可靠性和寿命亟需进一步提高、部分领域的产品成熟度与国际先进水平差距明显、产品成本高、可选推进技术种类少且重点技术研究滞后等迫切挑战,需开展顶层规划、优化技术选择,重视基础研究、构建发展机制,在重点技术方向上分类推进科研攻关,尽快实现低轨小卫星、地月空间转移、深空探测(含载人航天)用推进系统的技术突破与在轨应用。

猎户座飞船电源系统设计特点及启示

针对登月飞船电源系统在功率密度、承载性、安全性、可靠性等方面的更高要求,调研了美国猎户座飞船电源系统总体方案,发电、控制、储能等功能产品详细方案,以及部分地面测试和在轨飞行情况。对猎户座飞船电源系统供配电架构、冗余度及可靠性设计、电池类产品安全性设计、结构机构类产品承载性设计等进行分析,梳理出登月飞船电源系统研制过程中需重点关注的问题及建议,可为中国该类飞船电源系统研制提供技术参考。

Imaging the Architecture of Mineral Systems and the Pathways of Ore-forming Fluids across Mongolia with Magnetotellurics

In the framework of a mineral system approach,a combination of components is required to develop a mineral system.This includes the whole-lithosphere architecture,which controls the transport of ore-forming fluids,and favorable tectonic and geodynamic processes,occurring at various spatial and temporal scales,that influence the genesis and evolution of ore-forming fluids(Huston et al.,2016;Groves et al.,2018;Davies et al.,2020).Knowledge of the deep structural framework can advance the understanding of the development of a mineral system and the emplacement of mineral deposits.Deep geophysical exploration carried out with this aim is increasingly important for targeting new ore deposits in unexplored and underexplored regions(Dentith et al.,2018;Dentith,2019).

巷道前方地质异常八点电源电法随掘探测响应

为可靠探查掘进巷道前方地质异常体情况,提出了八点电源随掘超前探测方法。从巷道迎头向后沿巷帮中线布置32道电极,电极间距5m。近工作面8个电极顺次做为点电源电极,采集整条测线单极-偶极装置视电阻率值。根据微分电测深探测原理,每个点电源所测得的视电阻率值可视为该点电测深结果,得到电测深曲线图和视电阻率成像图。巷道每掘进20m,将最后4个电极滚动布置到新测线前4个电极,再进行八点电源电测深数据采集,得到连续变化的电测深曲线和电测深成像结果。根据单极-偶极装置视电阻率响应公式计算了工作面超前方向地质异常球体的响应,研究结果表明:对同一地质异常球体,距离掘进工作面由远到近,电阻率响应越来越明显;低阻球体边缘到点电源距离不大于球体半径时,可以探查;高阻球体边缘到点电源距离不大于1/2球体半径时,可以探查;低阻球体的响应强于高阻球体。地质异常体半径越大,能够被探查出的超前距离越大。因此,超前0~50m范围地质异常探测精度高;超前50~100m范围地质异常探测可靠性低,适宜解释是否有较大范围的地质异常区。八点电源电法随掘超前探测能够可靠探测工作面前方地质异常的赋存情况,为工作面安全快速掘进提供地质保障。

浅层地震与高密度电法在断裂带探测中的应用--以川西理塘毛垭坝盆地西缘断裂为例

毛垭坝盆地西缘断裂,作为川西理塘断裂带的分支,是控制大毛垭坝盆地的西边界断裂,关于其几何展布和深部结构还未见报道。本文采用高密度电法和浅层地震勘探技术在毛垭坝盆地西缘断裂的南北两段分别进行了地球物理探测,分析了毛垭坝盆地西缘断裂在高密度电法和浅层地震勘探剖面上的响应特征,毛垭坝盆地西缘断裂在浅层地震反射剖面上表现为标志层横向错断,存在断层绕射波等现象,层析反演速度剖面反映断层两侧速度横向上呈现出明显变化,推测出上断点埋深位于15 m以浅,通过高密度电法反演的视电阻率剖面上的低阻条带特征,并结合野外调查和区域地质资料初步确定了断层产状、几何结构及平面展布。探讨了文中两种物探方法在活动断层探测方面的优缺点和应用前提,结合国内外类似实例,提出多种方法组合可以更为有效地探测断层结构。

综合地球物理方法在活断层探测中的应用研究

提出活断层探测综合地球物理方法为遥感、地震勘探、高密度电法、放射性测量,对新乡-商丘断裂(东段)进行了探测,探测结果:研究区第四系覆盖层厚度约160 m,上断点埋深30 m左右,断距由上到下逐渐加大,所探测的断层最新活动时代为晚更新世(Q3p)。结合本次新乡-商丘断裂东段的探测成果,总结出了一套活断层探测技术方法体系。

基于Seebeck效应的月壤发电技术研究

随着中国航天技术的进步及数据的积累,深空探测是未来中国航天事业发展的必然方向。月球探索必然成为深空探测的门槛及首要目标,建立月球科研站是解决未来月球科学问题的关键。月球作为卫星,拥有丰富原位资源,月壤热导率极低,同时月球环境月昼极高温、月夜极低温,结合温差发电技术,构建月壤温差发电系统,可对月球科研站电能源提供支持,特别是月夜期间,月壤温差发电系统仍能稳定持续提供电能。提供了月壤温差发电系统的设计思路,针对当前技术能力,提出月昼、月夜期间使用两套月壤温差发电模块,月昼期间月壤温差发电系统作为月球科研站电能源的补充,月夜期间作为主要电能源供应。同时分析了月壤温差发电系统未来研究方向,针对月壤温差发电系统常温、低温的工作温度,分析了当前主流常温、低温温差发电材料Bi2Te3、α-MgAgSb、Bi-Sb合金、CsBi4Te6的技术水平,并且提出将级联技术应用于月壤温差发电系统之中,可有效提高温差发电器件平均ZT值,提升发电效率。

基于《电工与电子》的课程思政探索和实践

随着科学技术的逐步发展,电工与电子技术在现代社会中发挥着越来越重要的作用。作为一门综合性很强的专业基础课程,《电工与电子》课程不仅要求学生掌握基本理论知识,还要求具备一定的实践能力。因此,如何把思政理念融入这门课程中,提高学生的综合素养,成为当前教育工作者需要解决的问题。文章通过对《电工与电子》课程的思政探索和实践进行分析,旨在为相关教育工作者提供一些有益的启示。首先,文章从教育目标、教学质量、课程改革、服务社会等方面分析了《电工与电子》课程中思政教学改革的必要性,分析了《电工与电子》课程开展“课程思政”教学改革目前存在的问题,并从教师职业素养、课堂教学的内容、教学方法、教材和教学资源进行《电工与电子》课程思政探索和实践。使学生在学习专业知识的同时树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。

基于FLAC3D的石灰岩矿区岩溶塌陷数值模拟研究

矿区为露天凹陷式开采的石灰岩建材矿山,随着矿山开采以及地下水抽排,导致矿坑周边岩溶塌陷大量产生,严重影响矿山安全生产和周边群众生产生活。利用FLAC3D技术、天然电场选频法勘探和地质综合分析掌握岩溶塌陷发生机理和分布规律,研究结果表明矿坑东侧、北侧和南侧断裂构造发育;矿山生产抽排地下水以及采矿爆破引起真空吸蚀、流水潜蚀导致矿坑周边岩溶塌陷;基于FLAC3D技术矿区岩溶塌陷数值模拟分析,数值模拟结果与地质分析、物探结论和塌陷现状基本一致。研究结果为后期岩溶塌陷的防治提供了科学依据。

斑岩型铜矿勘查中综合物探法的应用研究

在金属矿的不断开发中,地表易识别的矿物逐渐减少,需要加强各类勘查技术的应用,提高找矿效率及精度。单一物探法在勘查中存在一定的不足。以A矿区的勘探为例,研究综合物探法的应用。基于对矿区地质特征的了解,选择重力法、磁法、电法等物探方法进行综合应用,然后进行实际勘查及数据分析。最后,在对物探异常找矿效果进行探讨后,又进行了多参数综合分析、互相补充及互相验证。证实综合物探法能降低物探勘查的多解性,提高地质解释的可信度,实现对斑岩型铜矿的有效勘查。

“1+x”证书制度下中职《汽车电气设备》课程教学改革探究

在“1+x”证书制度下《汽车电气设备》课程教学需跟上时代的要求,培养社会需要的高质量技能型人才。做到专业课程内容能涵盖X证书职业技能培训目标和技能标准,通过分析原课程传统教学方法并进行教学改革和探究。使《汽车电气设备》课程的学习目标、职业技能与“1+x”证书考核技能标准相对应,课程教学目标与技能培养目标的一致性,从而实现《汽车电气设备》课程教学与X证书培训有效融合。

高密度电阻率法在杭州某工业污染区探测中的应用

杭州市钱塘江边曾从事化工品加工生产的某工业用地,表层土壤污染严重。经土壤修复后,地下水中氯化物质量浓度仍严重超标。为查明场地内污染物的空间分布,采用高密度电阻率法对工业用地进行勘查,取得较好的效果,为土壤后续修复治理提供科学依据。