An Integrated FCEM-AHP Approach for Borrower’s Satisfaction and Perception Analysis of Microfinance Institution

Themain objective of this paper is to present an integrated approach to evaluate the level of satisfaction of borrowers with the products and services of microfinance institutions(MFI)at different criterion levels.For this,the study adopts the concept of FCEM(Fuzzy Comprehensive EvaluationMethod)in concurrence with the AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process).In our day-to-day situation,the researchers have made many efforts to assess the impact of Microfinance on poverty reduction,but borrowers’satisfaction is always overlooked.Since the multiple factors impact the borrower’s satisfaction,each factor is made of different items.Thus,as the factors items increase,many uncertainties are created,and hence this will make the decisionmaking unsmooth or imprecise.To describe this,the FCEM method deals with the vagueness in the collection information phase.However,the AHP has been utilized to determine the objective weights of each factor.The presented integrated framework has been illustrated with a case study and presented their results.The study’s managerial benefit is also reported to address the situation.

Source Text Borrowing in Summary of Integrated Writing

Integrated writing tasks,requiring writers to summarize source content and integrate their ideas or experience with those in the source text,are widely used in standardized tests of English proficiency.Integrated writing adds an element not found in traditional independent writing:the use of source text material.Recently,concern has been raised that over-reliance on source texts in integrated writing may lead to plagiarism as well as inaccurate assessment which calls for further investigation.Research on L2 students’writing using sources has broadened its focus from transgressive citing practices to stages of skill development in this complicated literacy,the successive challenges students face,and how instruction might be of benefit.Previous literature mainly focused on source use in academic writing and seldom considered summary writing in standardized tests,while summary strategy is particularly important in standardized tests,in which summary accounts for a significant part of the assessment criteria.Given that a series of previous literature have indicated that source text use,source texts,and prompts are associated with the quality of summary writing,this article reviews the source text borrowing in the summary of integrated writing to further explore the relationship between some variables and the quality of summary writing and therefore finds some research gaps in this field.

从“快传”(RapidILL)和“立借”(Borrow Direct)看馆际互借与文献传递服务体系的发展

"快传"(RapidILL)与"立借"(Borrow Direct)分别代表文献传递与馆际互借的最佳实践,两者的共性主要体现在高度自动化和全面的质量控制,其核心是节约用户时间、增强用户粘性。我国馆际互借与文献传递服务体系今后的发展方向也主要体现在时间维度上,具体落实在节约用户时间、优化用户时间和提高用户的等待价值这三个方面。

Borrow Direct:为馆际互借提速

文章介绍了美国研究图书馆组织推动的“Borrow Direct”跨图书馆图书借阅试点项目的目标与历史、服务内容与流程,并对该项目的特征与优势、所取得的成绩以及对我国馆际互借工作的可借鉴意义进行了分析。

Geliable Lexical Borrowings in China English on the Internet

Lexical borrowing in China English is an important part of English localization.This paper,on the basis of the study of vogue lexical English expressions on the Internet,tries to describe and explain the characteristics of lexical borrowings in China English on the Internet.

A Comparative Study on English-Chinese Translation of The Borrowers from the Perspective of Skopos Theory

When translating children's literature, the characteristics of the target readers can not be neglected. However, in thetranslation of literary works in China, translation of children's literature in China has always been ignored. E-C translation practicein children's literature and the theoretical study are of imbalance. When it comes to the theoretical study of E-C translation of chil-dren's literature, it is far backward. Skopostheorie holds that the purpose of translation is the primary rule to be followed, and pro-vides children's literature translation with theory evidence. The Borrowers was introduced into China in 1990, highly appreciatedby readers. However, the related research in the translation of this book is poor. This paper takes Skopostheorie as the theoreticalframework and combines the characteristics of children's literature, discussing the different Chinese translation versions of the Brit-ish children's literature The Borrowers. This paper makes a comparative analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of differentChinese versions, and summarizes the methods of translating children's literature.

STUDY ON THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN THE FOREIGN ELEMENTS AND THE NATIVE ELEMENT IN ENGLISH——English Borrowings from Chinese

This dissertaion will focus on the words English borrowed from Chinese to discuss the influence of Chinese culture on English. In the history of word borrowing, it is not until in the 18 th and 19th century that there was a flood of Chinese loanwords into English. Most of the words are nouns about custom,culture, and goods with Chinese characteristic. The Chinese loanwords set foot into English by the means of transliteration, Among all Chinese dialects Mandarin, Cantonese and Amoy contributed most to English. Other languages such as Japanese bridged the borrowing process,too.

Predictive Modeling and Expectable Loss Analysis for Borrower Defaults of Mortgage Loans

Home mortgage loan lending firms are exposed to many business risks.This paper focuses on the mortgage loan borrower risks and proposes a prospective loss analysis approach in regard to loan repayment defaults of borrowers.For this purpose,a predictive modeling is presented in three stages.In the first stage,occurrence of borrower defaults in a mortgage loans portfolio is modeled through the generalized linear models(GLMs)type regressions for which we specify a logistic distribution for default events.The second stage of modeling develops a survival analysis in order to estimate survival probability and hazard rate functions for individual loans.Ultimately,an expectable loss amount model is presented in the third stage as a function of conditional survival probabilities and corresponding hazard rates at loan levels.Throughout all modeling stages,a large and real data set is used as an empirical analysis case by which detailed interpretations and practical implications of the obtained results are stated.

A Study of Borrowing,Imitation and Creation in English-Chinese Translation:A Case Study of Translating“The Root Cause of Poverty”

Based on the translated version of“The Root Cause of Poverty”by Rutger Bregman on the Ted speech online platform,this research analyzes the application of direct borrowing,imitative translation and creative translation in English-Chinese translation.First,we believe the direct borrowing of a ready-made version is most ideal as it reveals the common ground both languages share when translating a source text.Next,it is preferable to imitate an already existing expression as similarity is reader-friendly.However,it is sometimes necessary to adopt creative translation to preserve differences to ensure that the meaning of the original language is accurately transmitted.

Chinese Borrowings in English

There are eight types of English word formation, which are widely used nowadays in English. Among them, Borrowings, as one of widely used types of English word formation, has drawn people's attention because many English words are borrowed from other languages, such as German, Latin. This article aims to demonstrate Chinese Borrowings in English from two aspects.

“Em”:Pragmatics Borrowing in Chinese Wechat Conversations:among Female University Students in China

The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.

Discussion on E-books and Library Borrowing Service

With the vigorous development of network information technology,e-book borrowing service came into being and showed a vigorous development trend.Therefore,in order to strengthen the service function,the library needs to gradually improve the e-book borrowing service,so as to provide readers with high-quality service content,so that the library can give full play to its function of disseminating scientific and cultural knowledge.Therefore,in this article research,we first discuss the main reading methods of e-books,then investigate the current reading situation of e-books and traditional paper books in the library,and then put forward corresponding development strategies to effectively promote the rapid development of the library and strengthen the level of e-book borrowing service.

All the Books Are Borrowed

Several yearsago I studied in auniversity(大学)inthe biggest city inAustralia.It's beau-tiful there but it'shot in 1 .So Iusually returned tomy hometownwhen my 2 be-gan.My

AN OPTIMAL INVESTMENT/CONSUMPTION PROBLEM WITH HIGHER BORROWING RATE

In this paper, optimal investment and consumption decisions for an optimal choice problem in infinite horizon are considered, for an investor who has available a bank account and a stock whose price is a log normal diffusion. The bank pays at an interest rate r for any deposit, and takes at a larger rate r′ for any loan. As in the paper of Xu Wensheng and Chen Shuping in JAMS(B), where an analogous problem in finite horizon is studied, optimal strategies are obtained via Hamilton Jacobi Bellman (HJB) equation which is derived from dynamic programming principle. For the specific HARA case, i.e. U(t,c)=e -βt c 1-R 1-R , this paper gets the optimal consumption and optimal investment in the form ofc * t=β-Rw t\ and \ π * t=b-γRσ 2w twith γ:= max{ r, min{ r′,b-Rσ 2 }}, =(1-R)γ+(b-γ) 22Rσ 2]. This result coincides with the classical one under condition r′≡r.

Resource management with borrowing from reservation for cognitive networks

Resource reservation is an effective measure to ensure end-to-end quality of service(QoS),however,the burstyness of the traffic makes the reservation idle some time,and forms a waste of resources.Based on the analysis of active queue management(AQM)of DiffServ network,we propose a resource management scheme,which allows borrowing resources from unused reservation,according to the characteristics and advantages of cognitive networks.First,some nodes reserve certain proportion capacity for some special services(for instance,some services pay additional money)to guarantee the priority of these applications.Then resources are assigned according to the different parameters of services.If the available resource can not meet the requirements of new services,realtime ones are admitted with higher priority and allow borrowing the unused reservation from other nodes appropriately.Simulations show that,the proposed scheme has good performance at network resource utilization,the admission rate of new applications and QoS of users.

STEM Education as a Concept Borrowing Issue: Perspectives of School Administrators in Turkey

Purpose:As a borrowed concept,science,technology,engineering,and mathematics(STEM)education holds limited relevance in many country contexts.This study investigates how school administrators in Turkey view STEM education from three dimensions:(a)their understanding of STEM education,(b)their experiences of STEM implementations,and(c)their perception of their roles in STEM implementation.Design/Approach/Methods:This phenomenological study analyzes the perceptions of school principals working in prominent high schools in Turkey.Findings:The findings indicate that there are gaps in STEM implementation at both the conceptual level and the school level,including epistemological issues,infrastructural gaps,mismatch with overall organizational culture,and knowledge and skill gaps.Despite efforts to integrate STEM education into educational practices,significant deficiencies are making it an unrealistic practice in Turkey.Originality/Value:While the literature on STEM education is expanding,a few empirical studies focus on school management in relation to STEM education.Arguably,despite promising to transform science and mathematics teaching,STEM education appears to have limited relevance to science and mathematics teaching in Turkeyrendering it yet another example of concept and policy borrowing in education.

基于图书馆联盟的网上馆际互借图书服务——以美国Borrowing Direct与OhioLink为例

以美国长春藤盟校馆际互借服务系统Borrowing Direct和美国俄亥俄州图书与信息合作网OhioLink为例,介绍以集中虚拟、个体分享、直接借阅和远程流通为主要特征的网上跨馆图书互借服务解决方案运行方式及成功经验,对网上图书馆际互借服务的发展动态及特点进行探讨,以期为国内正在建设、发展和应用中的同类服务提供启示与参考。