A novel box-counting method for quantitative fractal analysis of threedimensional pore characteristics in sandstone

Fractal theory offers a powerful tool for the precise description and quantification of the complex pore structures in reservoir rocks,crucial for understanding the storage and migration characteristics of media within these rocks.Faced with the challenge of calculating the three-dimensional fractal dimensions of rock porosity,this study proposes an innovative computational process that directly calculates the three-dimensional fractal dimensions from a geometric perspective.By employing a composite denoising approach that integrates Fourier transform(FT)and wavelet transform(WT),coupled with multimodal pore extraction techniques such as threshold segmentation,top-hat transformation,and membrane enhancement,we successfully crafted accurate digital rock models.The improved box-counting method was then applied to analyze the voxel data of these digital rocks,accurately calculating the fractal dimensions of the rock pore distribution.Further numerical simulations of permeability experiments were conducted to explore the physical correlations between the rock pore fractal dimensions,porosity,and absolute permeability.The results reveal that rocks with higher fractal dimensions exhibit more complex pore connectivity pathways and a wider,more uneven pore distribution,suggesting that the ideal rock samples should possess lower fractal dimensions and higher effective porosity rates to achieve optimal fluid transmission properties.The methodology and conclusions of this study provide new tools and insights for the quantitative analysis of complex pores in rocks and contribute to the exploration of the fractal transport properties of media within rocks.

基于Box-Behnken响应面法优化方便藜麦粥制备工艺

以复水率、复水时间和感官品质为指标,通过单因素试验优选方便藜麦粥的最佳浸泡温度、料水比和蒸煮时间;利用Box-Behnken响应面法优化其制备工艺,并采用加权法计算综合得分。结果表明,最佳制备工艺为浸泡温度41℃,料水比1∶9,蒸煮时间23 min。经验证试验,其综合得分为96.08,与理论预测值(96.43)的相对偏差为0.35%(<5.0%)。优化的方便藜麦粥制备工艺为其开发应用提供重要支撑。

Box-Behnken响应面法优化葛根异黄酮提取纯化工艺及损伤心肌细胞治疗作用研究

目的:采用Box-Behnken响应面优化葛根异黄酮最佳提取工艺,并研究葛根异黄酮对损伤心肌细胞的治疗作用。方法:在单因素实验的基础上,以料液比、提取时间、溶剂浓度为考察因素,以3'-羟基葛根素、葛根素、3'-甲氧基葛根素、大豆苷的含量为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken响应面法设计实验,以葛根异黄酮总提取率为考察指标,通过分析回归方程模型,优选最佳提取工艺并验证工艺;采用MTT法检测葛根异黄酮对损伤心肌细胞的治疗作用。结果:Box-Behnken响应面法优化得到葛根异黄酮最佳提取工艺为:料液比为30 mg·mL^(-1),提取时间为100 min,乙醇体积分数为73%,葛根异黄酮的总提取率平均值为41.6 mg·g^(-1),与预测值42.08 mg·g^(-1),相对误差0.81%;葛根异黄酮对H 2O_(2)损伤的缺氧复氧模型和Na 2S_(2)O 4损伤的缺血再灌注模型OD值分别为0.7436±0.0292和0.7457±0.0094,细胞存活率分别为81.32%和73.41%。结论:优选葛根抗氧化活性异黄酮最佳工艺稳定,预测模型效果良好,且葛根异黄酮对心肌缺血有良好的治疗作用。

A Technique for Estimation of Box Dimension about Fractional Integral

This paper discusses further the roughness of Riemann-Liouville fractional integral on an arbitrary fractal continuous functions that follows Rfs. [1]. A novel method is used to reach a similar result for an arbitrary fractal function , where is the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral. Furthermore, a general resultis arrived at for 1-dimensional fractal functions such as with unbounded variation and(or) infinite lengths, which can infer all previous studies such as [2] [3]. This paper’s estimation reveals that the fractional integral does not increase the fractal dimension of f(x), i.e. fractional integration does not increase at least the fractal roughness. And the result has partly answered the fractal calculus conjecture and completely answered this conjecture for all 1-dimensional fractal function (Xiao has not answered). It is significant with a comparison to the past researches that the box dimension connection between a fractal function and its Riemann-Liouville integral has been carried out only for Weierstrass type and Besicovitch type functions, and at most Hlder continuous. Here the proof technique for Riemann-Liouville fractional integral is possibly of methodology to other fractional integrals.

一类单调递减正项数列的BOX维数估计

当使用比较原则、 柯西判别法在讨论正项级数敛散性时,会遇到比值极限为1从而无法使用的情况,典型的例子为数组{1/n}和{1/n2}的正项级数具有不同的敛散性。 本文讨论了形如1/na(α > 0) 正项级数的敛散性与对应点集的BOX维数存在一定关联,当点集的BOX维数大于等于1/2时,正项级数发散;小于1/2时,正项级数收敛,同时提出了利用1/n为参照对象判断数列正项级数敛散性的一种新方法。

Box-Behnken响应面法优选紫斑牡丹中丹皮酚和芍药苷提取工艺

目的优选紫斑牡丹中丹皮酚和芍药苷的提取工艺。方法在单因素试验基础上,以液料比、提取时间和乙醇体积分数为影响因素,以丹皮酚和芍药苷提取率的总权重综合评分为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken响应面法优选最佳提取工艺,并进行验证试验。结果最佳提取工艺为液料比28倍,提取时间150 min,乙醇体积分数52%。此工艺条件下,丹皮酚提取率为0.49%(RSD=1.33%,n=3),芍药苷提取率为5.38%(RSD=1.07%,n=3)。结论该提取工艺稳定、可行,可用于紫斑牡丹中丹皮酚和芍药苷的提取。

Dimension by Dimension Finite Volume HWENO Method for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

In this paper,we propose a finite volume Hermite weighted essentially non-oscillatory(HWENO)method based on the dimension by dimension framework to solve hyperbolic conservation laws.It can maintain the high accuracy in the smooth region and obtain the high resolution solution when the discontinuity appears,and it is compact which will be good for giving the numerical boundary conditions.Furthermore,it avoids complicated least square procedure when we implement the genuine two dimensional(2D)finite volume HWENO reconstruction,and it can be regarded as a generalization of the one dimensional(1D)HWENO method.Extensive numerical tests are performed to verify the high resolution and high accuracy of the scheme.

蓝莓B-box型锌指蛋白基因家族的鉴定及其在果实发育期的表达模式

B-box(BBX)基因家族成员在植物生长发育中起重要作用.为探究BBX在蓝莓果实成熟发育过程中的作用,通过生物信息学的方法鉴定BBX基因家族成员,并对其进行染色体定位、系统进化关系、基因结构、启动子顺式作用元件及表达模式分析.结果表明:在蓝莓基因组中鉴定出38个BBX基因成员,基因结构保守,外显子平均个数为3.13,这些基因可分成Ⅰ~Ⅲ3个亚族,不均匀分布于23条染色体;BBX基因的启动子序列中存在光响应、植物激素响应、胁迫响应和植物生长发育等4类顺式作用元件;VcBBX基因成员在‘Star’和‘O’Neal’蓝莓果实发育过程中存在显著性差异表达,VcBBX9,VcBBX16,VcBBX25和VcBBX20在S8表达量最高,VcBBX26在S6表达量最高,VcBBX30在S3表达量最高.研究结果将为进一步探究BBX型锌指蛋白在蓝莓果实发育过程中的功能奠定基础.

An Exploration of the Three Dimensions and Epochal Strengths of Building a Human Community With a Shared Future

The idea of a human community with a shared future was proposed by the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core for the future development of human beings to face up to the most important question in today's world:“What is happening to the world and what should we do?”It profoundly answers the question of the world,history,and the times.The theory of a human community with a shared future is an innovative theory with a multidimensional formation logic that guides humanity toward continually seeking common interests and values.This paper dives into the profound motivations behind building a human community with a shared future from historical,cultural,and practical dimensions and analyzes its epochal value from both domestic and international perspectives.This not only helps exert China's role in the international community,contributing Chinese strength to the construction of a peaceful,stable,and prosperous human society,but also enhances the influence of the idea of a human community with a shared future in the international community,accelerating the building of a human community with a shared future that considers the legitimate concerns of all countries,and aiding in solving the crises facing the world.

基于Box-Behnken响应面法优化鹿角蛋白的提取工艺

目的 通过Box-Behnken响应面法优化鹿角蛋白的提取工艺。方法 在单因素考察基础上进行响应面法设计,寻找最佳提取条件。以鹿角中蛋白含量为考察指标,使用考马斯亮蓝染色法测量样品溶液吸光度,再通过回归方程计算出样品溶液的鹿角蛋白含量。结果 最优提取工艺条件为NaOH浓度0.35 mol·L^(-1),液料比6:1,提取时间114 min。结论 经验证通过Box-Behnken响应面法所得到的预测值与测定的实际值偏差均在±1%以内,可以为膝痛康中鹿角蛋白的提取工艺提供参考。

RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族与肿瘤的相关性研究

RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族是RNA解旋酶中最大的家族,是基因表达的重要调控因子,在RNA代谢的多个方面发挥作用。RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族既在RNA代谢中具有重要作用,又与人类细胞中基因组的不稳定性直接相关。而基因组的不稳定性是癌症克隆进化的驱动因素,能够促进癌症的发生发展。该文对RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族与肿瘤发生发展的相关性做一综述。

柳属植物花发育相关的MADS-box基因家族成员鉴定与表达分析

【目的】利用基因组和转录组数据鉴定分析花发育相关的MADS-box基因家族成员的结构特征及表达模式,为柳属花被缺失的分子机制研究提供理论依据。【方法】通过生物信息学方法鉴定柳属的长梗柳(Salix dunnii)、欧蒿柳(S.viminalis)、红皮柳(S.purpurea)的MADS-box基因家族成员,并对3种柳树花发育相关的MADS-box基因系统发育关系、基因复制和丢失、基因结构和理化性质进行分析。根据雌雄花芽的转录组数据分析长梗柳花发育相关基因在花芽不同发育阶段的表达模式。【结果】在长梗柳、欧蒿柳和红皮柳中分别鉴定出82、82和98个MADS-box家族基因。3种柳树的花发育相关基因经历了基因复制和丢失,相同亚类基因结构和保守结构域相似,但部分A、B、C和E亚类基因的K-box结构域缺失。长梗柳花发育相关基因的表达结果显示,在雌花和雄花中具有不同的表达模式。其中,B亚类SdMADS26和SdMADS4基因表达量均偏低。【结论】柳属植物花发育相关基因中部分成员的基因结构和表达模式发生了变化,推测这些变化可能与柳属花被缺失相关。

大豆MADS-box基因功能研究进展

MADS-box是植物体内一种重要的转录因子,其家族成员具有典型的MIKC结构、高度保守的N端MADS以及保守性较低的I域和C端。MADS-box基因广泛表达于植物的根、茎、叶、花、芽等组织部位,并参与调控花期、花器官发育、种子发育及非生物胁迫响应等过程。近年来的研究报道显示,不同MADS-box基因的表达模式不尽相同,其功能也存在较大差异。本文概述了大豆MADS-box基因家族的结构及分类,总结了大豆MADS-box基因家族花发育ABCDE模型中相关成员及SVP、SOC1、FLC等基因的研究进展。最后对大豆MADS-box的研究提出了展望,为今后进一步挖掘和利用该类转录因子基因进行大豆遗传改良和种质创新提供参考依据。

基于Box-Behnken响应面法优化膝痛康β-蜕皮甾酮的提取工艺

目的优化膝痛康方剂中β-蜕皮甾酮的提取工艺。方法采用Box-Behnken响应面法和单因素试验,对提取过程中的浸泡时间、提取次数、提取时间和甲醇倍量等进行优化,通过响应面模型分析与预测,得到最佳的提取工艺条件,并对最优条件进行验证。结果饮片浸泡96 min,提取100 min,反复2次,甲醇倍数为16倍,此时牛膝的提取工艺达到最佳,在此提取工艺下β-蜕皮甾酮的提取量达到最大。结论该提取方法具有设备简单、成本低、提取工艺稳定等特点,此外,该提取工艺具有较好的应用价值,以其为膝痛康的应用提供实验依据。

Fractal analysis of major faults and fractal dimension of lineaments in the Indo-Gangetic Plain on a regional scale

The Indo-Gangetic Plain(IGP)is one of the most seismically vulnerable areas due to its proximity to the Himalayas.Geographic information system(GIS)-based seismic characterization of the IGP was performed based on the degree of deformation and fractal dimension.The zone between the Main Boundary Thrust(MBT)and the Main Central Thrust(MCT)in the Himalayan Mountain Range(HMR)experienced large variations in earthquake magnitude,which were identified by Number-Size(NS)fractal modeling.The central IGP zone experienced only moderate to low mainshock levels.Fractal analysis of earthquake epicenters reveals a large scattering of earthquake epicenters in the HMR and central IGP zones.Similarly,the fault fractal analysis identifies the HMR,central IGP,and south-western IGP zones as having more faults.Overall,the seismicity of the study region is strong in the central IGP,south-western IGP,and HMR zones,moderate in the western and southern IGP,and low in the northern,eastern,and south-eastern IGP zones.

Explosion resistance performance of reinforced concrete box girder coated with polyurea:Model test and numerical simulation

To study the anti-explosion protection effect of polyurea coating on reinforced concrete box girder,two segmental girder specimens were made at a scale of 1:3,numbered as G(without polyurea coating)and PCG(with polyurea coating).The failure characteristics and dynamic responses of the specimens were compared through conducting explosion tests.The reliability of the numerical simulation using LS-DYNA software was verified by the test results.The effects of different scaled distances,reinforcement ratios,concrete strengths,coating thicknesses and ranges of polyurea were studied.The results show that the polyurea coating can effectively enhance the anti-explosion performance of the girder.The top plate of middle chamber in specimen G forms an elliptical penetrating hole,while that in specimen PCG only shows a very slight local dent.The peak vertical displacement and residual displacement of PCG decrease by 74.8% and 73.7%,respectively,compared with those of specimen G.For the TNT explosion with small equivalent,the polyurea coating has a more significant protective effect on reducing the size of fracture.With the increase of TNT equivalent,the protective effect of polyurea on reducing girder displacement becomes more significant.The optimal reinforcement ratio,concrete strength,thickness and range of polyurea coating were also drawn.

Fatigue Crack Propagation Law of Corroded Steel Box Girders in Long Span Bridges

In order to investigate the fatigue performance of orthotropic anisotropic steel bridge decks,this study realizes the simulation of the welding process through elastic-plastic finite element theory,thermal-structural sequential coupling,and the birth-death element method.The simulated welding residual stresses are introduced into the multiscale finite element model of the bridge as the initial stress.Furthermore,the study explores the impact of residual stress on crack propagation in the fatigue-vulnerable components of the corroded steel box girder.The results indicate that fatigue cracks at the weld toe of the top deck,the weld root of the top deck,and the opening of the transverse diaphragm will not propagate under the action of a standard vehicle load.However,the inclusion of residual stress leads to the propagation of these cracks.When considering residual stress,the fatigue crack propagation paths at the weld toe of the transverse diaphragm and the U-rib weld toe align with those observed in actual bridges.In the absence of residual stress,the cracks at the toe of the transverse diaphragm with a 15%mass loss rate are categorized as type I cracks.Conversely,when residual stress is considered,these cracks become I-II composite cracks.Residual stress significantly alters the cumulative energy release rate of the three fracturemodes.Therefore,incorporating the influence of residual stress is essential when assessing the fatigue performance of corroded steel box girders in long-span bridges.

Box-Behnken响应面法优选改良型正骨灵活血止痛膏成型工艺

目的:优选改良型正骨灵活血止痛膏成型工艺。方法:基于Box–Behnken响应面法,以蜂蜡用量、混合温度、料液比为影响因素,以传统经验鉴别法与客观物理参数法的综合评分为评价指标,在单因素试验基础上,考察各因素对综合评分的影响,优选最佳的成型工艺条件。结果:蜂蜡用量为1.9%,混合温度为81℃,料液比为2.5∶1 g/mL。验证试验结果综合评分RSD为0.86%。结论:优选得到的改良型正骨灵活血止痛膏成型工艺稳定可行。

The Global Attractor and Its Dimension Estimation of Generalized Kolmogorov-Petrovlkii-Piskunov Equation

In this paper, the initial boundary value problem of a class of nonlinear generalized Kolmogorov-Petrovlkii-Piskunov equations is studied. The existence and uniqueness of the solution and the bounded absorption set are proved by the prior estimation and the Galerkin finite element method, thus the existence of the global attractor is proved and the upper bound estimate of the global attractor is obtained.

Box-Behnken响应面法优化羟基红花黄色素A纳米粒处方工艺及体外释放评价

目的优化羟基红花黄色素A(hydroxysafflor yellow A,HSYA)纳米粒制备工艺,并对其进行体外释放评价。方法以乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物[poly(lactic-co-glycolicacid),PLGA]为载体,利用改良的复乳法制备HSYA纳米粒,通过Plackett-Burman设计实验联用Box-Behnken响应面法优选最佳制备工艺;利用粒径测定仪、TEM扫描电镜仪、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)仪、X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)仪对纳米粒进行表征;并对其进行4℃储藏稳定性、生理介质中稳定性、冻干保护剂及体外释放率考察。结果优选出纳米粒最佳工艺处方为:pH为6.95,投药量为2.8 mg,载体用量为18.2 mg;在此条件下制备出的纳米粒粒径为(176.4±1.29)nm,多分散系数(Polydiseperse Index,PDI)为(0.152±0.014),Zeta电位为(-17.6±0.46)mV,包封率为(78.5±0.49)%,载药量为(7.3±0.07)%,纳米粒形态圆整,分散性好;在4℃储存环境下、不同生理介质中稳定性良好,最佳冻干保护剂为1%葡萄糖;纳米粒48 h体外释放率为85%。结论该优化方法合理可靠,所得纳米粒稳定性良好,具有一定的缓释作用,体外释放符合一级动力学模型。