BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects...BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective effects of flunarizine （FNZ）, lamotrigine （LTG） and the combination of both drugs, on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in fetal rats. DESIGN AND SETTING： This randomized, complete block design was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Fourth People＇s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College. MATERIALS： Forty pregnant Wistar rats, at gestational day 20, were selected for the experiment and were randomly divided into FNZ, LTG, FNZ ＋ LTG, and model groups, with 10 rats in each group. METHODS： Rats in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups received intragastric injections of FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d）, LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, and FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d） ＋ LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, respectively. Drugs were administered once a day for 3 days prior to induction of hypoxia-ischemia. Rats in the model group were not administered any drugs. Three hours after the final administration, eight pregnant rats from each group underwent model establishment hypoxia-ischemia brain damage to the fetal rats. Cesareans were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later; and 5 fetal rats were removed from each mother and kept warm. Two fetuses without model establishment were removed by planned cesarean at the same time and served as controls. A total of 0.3 mL serum was collected from fetal rats at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, following birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Serum protein concentrations of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 were measured by ELISA. Serum concentrations of brain-specific creatine kinase were measured using an electrogenerated chemiluminescence method. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly higher in the hypoxic-ischemic fetal rats, compared with the non-hypoxic-ischemic group. Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly less in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups following ischemia, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.01）. However, these values were significantly greater in the FNZ and LTG groups, compared with the FNZ ＋ LTG group, following ischemia （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Preventive antenatal use of oral FNZ and LTG has positive neuroprotective effects on intrauterine hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. The combined effect of these two drugs is superior.展开更多
Myocardial protection during open heart surgery was studied in 52 patients with complex congenital heart disease. Twenty-six patients received b1ood cardioplegia (BCP) and 26 crystalloid cardioplegia (CCP). Release of...Myocardial protection during open heart surgery was studied in 52 patients with complex congenital heart disease. Twenty-six patients received b1ood cardioplegia (BCP) and 26 crystalloid cardioplegia (CCP). Release of serum enzymes (creatine kinase, CK; hybrid muscle-brain CK isoenzyme, CK-MB; aspartate aminotransferase, ASTF and 1actic dehydrogenase, LDH) was determined pre-and post-operatively. DUring the first 72 h post-operation, release of CK, CK-MB, AST and LDH in the 2 groups was different, In case of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) the CK-MB released in l3CP and CCP 12 h after operation were 51. 29±9. 42 and 85. 77±22. 39 U/L respectively (P<0. 05). In the CCP group of TOF, CK-MB level increased significantly even at 72 h after operation (30. 91±14. 32 U/L vs the pre-operative value of 14. 57±7. 51 U/L). The results show a better myocardial preservation in the BCP group as compared with the CCP group. BCP can maintain metabolic homeostasis of the myocardium, reduce myocardial injury and increase the content of myocardial high energy phosphate during ischemia. Tolerance to ischemia is poor in patients with complex congenital heart disease. Therefore, preservation of high energy phosphates is necessary for severe-grade patients and BCP is superior to crysta1loid cardioplegia in this regard. It is concluded that CCP results in a higher release of CK-MB as compared with BCP group. BCP is superior to CCP for myocardial protection in patients with complex congenital heart disease.展开更多
目的探讨早产儿脑白质损伤(WMD)发生率及临床表现;研究WMD早期S100B蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)及肌酸激酶脑型同工酶(CK-BB)的动态变化。方法选择2011年1月至10月临床资料完整的早产儿病例,生后24、72、120 h采静脉血,应用化学发...目的探讨早产儿脑白质损伤(WMD)发生率及临床表现;研究WMD早期S100B蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)及肌酸激酶脑型同工酶(CK-BB)的动态变化。方法选择2011年1月至10月临床资料完整的早产儿病例,生后24、72、120 h采静脉血,应用化学发光法检测S100B蛋白与NSE,酶联免疫吸附法检测CK-BB。据颅脑超声检查分为WMD组(18例)及无WMD作为对照组(53例)。结果早产儿中WMD发生率为25.35%。WMD组惊厥、呼吸暂停、肌张力改变所占比例均高于无WMD组(P均<0.05)。WMD组生后24、72、120 h S100B蛋白含量均高于无WMD组(P均<0.05);WMD组生后24 h NSE含量高于无WMD组(P<0.01),72、120 h两组差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);WMD组生后24、72、120 h CK-BB含量均高于无WMD组(P均<0.05)。结论 WMD早产儿S100B蛋白、NSE及CK-BB在生后24 h内均升高,S100B蛋白与CK-BB升高持续时间长。展开更多
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Bureau, No.200405204
文摘BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective effects of flunarizine （FNZ）, lamotrigine （LTG） and the combination of both drugs, on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in fetal rats. DESIGN AND SETTING： This randomized, complete block design was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Fourth People＇s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College. MATERIALS： Forty pregnant Wistar rats, at gestational day 20, were selected for the experiment and were randomly divided into FNZ, LTG, FNZ ＋ LTG, and model groups, with 10 rats in each group. METHODS： Rats in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups received intragastric injections of FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d）, LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, and FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d） ＋ LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, respectively. Drugs were administered once a day for 3 days prior to induction of hypoxia-ischemia. Rats in the model group were not administered any drugs. Three hours after the final administration, eight pregnant rats from each group underwent model establishment hypoxia-ischemia brain damage to the fetal rats. Cesareans were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later; and 5 fetal rats were removed from each mother and kept warm. Two fetuses without model establishment were removed by planned cesarean at the same time and served as controls. A total of 0.3 mL serum was collected from fetal rats at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, following birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Serum protein concentrations of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 were measured by ELISA. Serum concentrations of brain-specific creatine kinase were measured using an electrogenerated chemiluminescence method. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly higher in the hypoxic-ischemic fetal rats, compared with the non-hypoxic-ischemic group. Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly less in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups following ischemia, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.01）. However, these values were significantly greater in the FNZ and LTG groups, compared with the FNZ ＋ LTG group, following ischemia （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Preventive antenatal use of oral FNZ and LTG has positive neuroprotective effects on intrauterine hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. The combined effect of these two drugs is superior.
文摘Myocardial protection during open heart surgery was studied in 52 patients with complex congenital heart disease. Twenty-six patients received b1ood cardioplegia (BCP) and 26 crystalloid cardioplegia (CCP). Release of serum enzymes (creatine kinase, CK; hybrid muscle-brain CK isoenzyme, CK-MB; aspartate aminotransferase, ASTF and 1actic dehydrogenase, LDH) was determined pre-and post-operatively. DUring the first 72 h post-operation, release of CK, CK-MB, AST and LDH in the 2 groups was different, In case of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) the CK-MB released in l3CP and CCP 12 h after operation were 51. 29±9. 42 and 85. 77±22. 39 U/L respectively (P<0. 05). In the CCP group of TOF, CK-MB level increased significantly even at 72 h after operation (30. 91±14. 32 U/L vs the pre-operative value of 14. 57±7. 51 U/L). The results show a better myocardial preservation in the BCP group as compared with the CCP group. BCP can maintain metabolic homeostasis of the myocardium, reduce myocardial injury and increase the content of myocardial high energy phosphate during ischemia. Tolerance to ischemia is poor in patients with complex congenital heart disease. Therefore, preservation of high energy phosphates is necessary for severe-grade patients and BCP is superior to crysta1loid cardioplegia in this regard. It is concluded that CCP results in a higher release of CK-MB as compared with BCP group. BCP is superior to CCP for myocardial protection in patients with complex congenital heart disease.
文摘目的探讨早产儿脑白质损伤(WMD)发生率及临床表现;研究WMD早期S100B蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)及肌酸激酶脑型同工酶(CK-BB)的动态变化。方法选择2011年1月至10月临床资料完整的早产儿病例,生后24、72、120 h采静脉血,应用化学发光法检测S100B蛋白与NSE,酶联免疫吸附法检测CK-BB。据颅脑超声检查分为WMD组(18例)及无WMD作为对照组(53例)。结果早产儿中WMD发生率为25.35%。WMD组惊厥、呼吸暂停、肌张力改变所占比例均高于无WMD组(P均<0.05)。WMD组生后24、72、120 h S100B蛋白含量均高于无WMD组(P均<0.05);WMD组生后24 h NSE含量高于无WMD组(P<0.01),72、120 h两组差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);WMD组生后24、72、120 h CK-BB含量均高于无WMD组(P均<0.05)。结论 WMD早产儿S100B蛋白、NSE及CK-BB在生后24 h内均升高,S100B蛋白与CK-BB升高持续时间长。
