Participatory varietal selection (PVS) with farmers and Seed Companies was conducted at Maradi research station (07°05'E/13°48'N) and in farmer field to evaluate and select sorghum hybrid varieties f...Participatory varietal selection (PVS) with farmers and Seed Companies was conducted at Maradi research station (07°05'E/13°48'N) and in farmer field to evaluate and select sorghum hybrid varieties for high yield and other important agronomic traits. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications where flowering (days), plant height (cm) and yield (kg) were collected. The analysis of variance showed highly significance among treatments of all traits measured Environment and Genotype by Environment interactions also contributed significantly to the performance of yield components. The highest average grain yield was recorded from hybrids P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1 (4289 kg/ha), NE223A x 90SN1 (3666 kg/ha), NE223A x Sepon 82 (3533 kg/ha) and NE223A x P9405 (3519 kg/ha) across locations. Farmers’ preferences were the panicle size, good seed set, earliness, and seed color. Hence, in a variety selection farmer’s preferences focus more on prioritized yield-related trait. The best varieties ranked by traits of interest were P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1, NE223A x 90SN1, NE223A x P9405 and P9511A x SEPON 82 that performed well under their circumstances. The results showed that farmers’ preferred varieties match with researchers. Therefore, based on objectively measured traits, farmers’ preferences and the agro ecologies of the site, varieties NE223A x 90SN1 and P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1 were found promising for production.展开更多
从18世纪首次获得人工杂交种到如今基因工程育种,作物育种技术发展迅速,同时几百年的育种历程积攒了大量育种数据,特别是近年来伴随高通量测序技术的发展,产生了海量作物育种相关基因及其表达数据,形成了育种大数据。2012年以来在商业...从18世纪首次获得人工杂交种到如今基因工程育种,作物育种技术发展迅速,同时几百年的育种历程积攒了大量育种数据,特别是近年来伴随高通量测序技术的发展,产生了海量作物育种相关基因及其表达数据,形成了育种大数据。2012年以来在商业、信息技术等领域发展迅猛的大数据技术,致力于解决大数据采集、存储及处理等壁垒,并在其他领域的应用初露端倪。本文利用创新方法 TRIZ(theory of inventive problem solving)流分析技术,综合分析了育种领域已有资源和目标达成的矛盾问题,提出大数据育种技术应用于作物育种的创新方案,明确了将大数据技术应用于育种领域的框架和实现目标。提出了基于大数据理念的育种技术,拟采集和整合已有育种数据资源,实现数据自动采集等,从而能够平衡育种数据膨胀/利用和育种需求产生的矛盾;构建基于大数据技术的育种数据信息化平台,实现作物育种方法理念的创新,可以为广大育种工作者提供数据支撑和一个育种新途径;为解析生物学数据与目标农艺性状的关系提供信息,加快育种现代化的进程。展开更多
Because of the rapid development of industrial processes, increased urban pollution and agricultural chemicals applied in recent years, heavy metal(loid) pollution in soil has been very serious, and there is an urgent...Because of the rapid development of industrial processes, increased urban pollution and agricultural chemicals applied in recent years, heavy metal(loid) pollution in soil has been very serious, and there is an urgent need for fast and efficient removal of heavy metal(loid) pollution. Currently, environmental microorganisms are always used to perform biological alteration or improvement of soils and sewage. Using functional microorganisms that are resistant to toxic heavy metal(loid) ions for alteration and transformation of heavy metal(loid)s in ionic form is an effective measure for microbial remediation of heavy metal(loid)contaminated soil. This paper reviewed the microbial remediation mechanism of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils, and the approaches for breeding bacteria those can be used for highly efficient removal of heavy metal(loid)s, as well as the application examples of microbial remediation and transformation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil, and finally described the future trends and further research work of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils by microbial remediation.展开更多
文摘Participatory varietal selection (PVS) with farmers and Seed Companies was conducted at Maradi research station (07°05'E/13°48'N) and in farmer field to evaluate and select sorghum hybrid varieties for high yield and other important agronomic traits. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications where flowering (days), plant height (cm) and yield (kg) were collected. The analysis of variance showed highly significance among treatments of all traits measured Environment and Genotype by Environment interactions also contributed significantly to the performance of yield components. The highest average grain yield was recorded from hybrids P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1 (4289 kg/ha), NE223A x 90SN1 (3666 kg/ha), NE223A x Sepon 82 (3533 kg/ha) and NE223A x P9405 (3519 kg/ha) across locations. Farmers’ preferences were the panicle size, good seed set, earliness, and seed color. Hence, in a variety selection farmer’s preferences focus more on prioritized yield-related trait. The best varieties ranked by traits of interest were P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1, NE223A x 90SN1, NE223A x P9405 and P9511A x SEPON 82 that performed well under their circumstances. The results showed that farmers’ preferred varieties match with researchers. Therefore, based on objectively measured traits, farmers’ preferences and the agro ecologies of the site, varieties NE223A x 90SN1 and P9511A x ST9007-5-2-1 were found promising for production.
文摘从18世纪首次获得人工杂交种到如今基因工程育种,作物育种技术发展迅速,同时几百年的育种历程积攒了大量育种数据,特别是近年来伴随高通量测序技术的发展,产生了海量作物育种相关基因及其表达数据,形成了育种大数据。2012年以来在商业、信息技术等领域发展迅猛的大数据技术,致力于解决大数据采集、存储及处理等壁垒,并在其他领域的应用初露端倪。本文利用创新方法 TRIZ(theory of inventive problem solving)流分析技术,综合分析了育种领域已有资源和目标达成的矛盾问题,提出大数据育种技术应用于作物育种的创新方案,明确了将大数据技术应用于育种领域的框架和实现目标。提出了基于大数据理念的育种技术,拟采集和整合已有育种数据资源,实现数据自动采集等,从而能够平衡育种数据膨胀/利用和育种需求产生的矛盾;构建基于大数据技术的育种数据信息化平台,实现作物育种方法理念的创新,可以为广大育种工作者提供数据支撑和一个育种新途径;为解析生物学数据与目标农艺性状的关系提供信息,加快育种现代化的进程。
文摘Because of the rapid development of industrial processes, increased urban pollution and agricultural chemicals applied in recent years, heavy metal(loid) pollution in soil has been very serious, and there is an urgent need for fast and efficient removal of heavy metal(loid) pollution. Currently, environmental microorganisms are always used to perform biological alteration or improvement of soils and sewage. Using functional microorganisms that are resistant to toxic heavy metal(loid) ions for alteration and transformation of heavy metal(loid)s in ionic form is an effective measure for microbial remediation of heavy metal(loid)contaminated soil. This paper reviewed the microbial remediation mechanism of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils, and the approaches for breeding bacteria those can be used for highly efficient removal of heavy metal(loid)s, as well as the application examples of microbial remediation and transformation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil, and finally described the future trends and further research work of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils by microbial remediation.
