Research Progress on Rapid Breeding Technology of Anoectochilus roxburghii Seedlings

As a traditional precious Chinese herbal medicine,Anoectochilus roxburghii has the cooling and detoxifying effects,and can nourish yin to reduce pathogenic fire,and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In this paper,we summarized the research progress in detail about the biological characteristics,resource distribution,composition,medicinal value and rapid seedling breeding technology concerning the rare Chinese herbal medicine A. roxburghii,in order to provide a reference for the in-depth study and rational development and utilization of A.roxburghii.

Breeding Technology of Sunflower Inbred Lines with Four Generations in One Year

The breeding technology of sunflower inbred lines with four generations in one year was explored through the research on the biological characteristics of sunflower itself and the breeding status of sunflower inbred lines using the young embryo culture technology,the greenhouse seedling technology and field test planting,based on sunflower field breeding and planting combined with greenhouse planting.The reasonable selection of planting sites as the core of the breeding technology of sunflower inbred lines with four generations in one year is a guarantee.Embryos can be taken 7-10 d after pollination to enter the next generation of cultivation,thus shortening the generational cultivation cycle.The establishment of a breeding method of sunflower inbred lines with four generations in one year reduces the cost of breeding and has a practical role and significance for the field of sunflower inbred line breeding technologies.

Minimizing sperm oxidative stress using nanotechnology for breeding programs in rams

Background Artificial insemination(AI)is a routine breeding technology in animal reproduction.Nevertheless,the temperature-sensitive nature and short fertile lifespan of ram sperm samples hamper its use in AI.In this sense,nanotechnology is an interesting tool to improve sperm protection due to the development of nanomaterials for AI,which could be used as delivery vehicles.In this work,we explored the feasibility of vitamin E nanoemulsion(NE)for improving sperm quality during transport.Results With the aim of evaluating this proposal,ejaculates of 7 mature rams of Manchega breed were collected by artificial vagina and extended to 60×10^(6)spz/mL in AndromedR.Samples containing control and NE(12 mmol/L)with and without exogenous oxidative stress(100μmol/L Fe2+/ascorbate)were stored at 22 and 15℃and motility(CASA),viability(YO-PRO/PI),acrosomal integrity(PNA-FITC/PI),mitochondrial membrane potential(Mitotracker Deep Red 633),lipoperoxidation(C11 BODIPY 581/591),intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)production and DNA status(SCSAR)monitored during 96 h.Our results show that NE could be used to maintain ram spermatozoa during transport at 15 and 22℃for up to 96 h,with no appreciable loss of kinematic and physiological characteristics of freshly collected samples.Conclusions The storage of ram spermatozoa in liquid form for 2-5 d with vitamin E nanoemulsions may lead more flexibility to breeders in AI programs.In view of the potential and high versatility of these nanodevices,further studies are being carried out to assess the proposed sperm preservation medium on fertility after artificial insemination.

Selection and Breeding of Drought Resistant,Water-saving and High-yield Wheat Variety Cangmai 028

Cangmai 028 was selected and bred according to the climatic characteristic of the winter wheat in Heilonggang Basin taking 98(083)as the female parent and the Canghe 030 as the male parent by "two-row parallel alternate selection" method.Cangmai 028 has characteristics of high resistance,water-saving,high and stable yield,and rich genetic background.This study elaborated selection and breeding background and methods,characteristics,quality,and yield of Cangmai 028.

Breeding for Resistance to Tomato Bacterial Diseases in China:Challenges and Prospects

Four bacterial diseases including bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, bacterial speck caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, bacterial spot caused by at least four Xanthomonas species, and bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum are among the most devastating diseases in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum) production in China. However, almost no commercial cultivars currently growing in the country are resistant to these four bacterial diseases because little effort has been devoted to breeding for resistance. In addition,the existence of great natural variation in each pathogen and the quantitative inheritance of resistance add to the difficulties of developing cultivars with resistance to these diseases. In the past 20 years, molecular markers tightly linked to genes conferring resistance to these four bacterial diseases have been identified or gene-based markers have been developed, which may circumvent some of the problems associated with phenotypic selection for resistance to multiple bacterial pathogens and races. Here we present a review on current status of studies on these diseases and discuss the promise of new technologies in breeding for resistance to these bacterial diseases in China.

Global seaweed farming and processing in the past 20 years

Seaweed has emerged as one of the most promising resources due to its remarkable adaptability, short development period, and resource sustainability. It is an effective breakthrough to alleviate future resource crises. Algal resources have reached a high stage of growth in the past years due to the increased output and demand for seaweed worldwide. Several aspects global seaweed farming production and processing over the last 20 years are reviewed, such as the latest situation and approaches of seaweed farming. Research progress and production trend of various seaweed application are discussed. Besides, the challenges faced by seaweed farming and processing are also analyzed, and the related countermeasures are proposed, which can provide advice for seaweed farming and processing. The primary products, extraction and application, or waste utilization of seaweed would bring greater benefits with the continuous development and improvement of applications in various fields.