The photopromoted carbonylation of bromobenzene with carbon monoxide catalyzed by inexpensive commercially available cobalt salts [Co（OAc）2, COCl2] was carried out under ambient conditions. The results revealed that...The photopromoted carbonylation of bromobenzene with carbon monoxide catalyzed by inexpensive commercially available cobalt salts [Co（OAc）2, COCl2] was carried out under ambient conditions. The results revealed that methyl benzoate was produced in the presence of basic additives （CH3ONa, NaOAc or （n-C4H9）3N）. The catalytic activity of Co（OAc）2 was higher than that of COCl2. Furthermore, the activity of the carbonylation was greatly improved by addition of acetophenone, e.g. both the yield and selectivity of the ester were increased from 47% to 91% with Co（OAc）2 as catalyst and CH3ONa as additive, while the yield of byproduct benzene from hydrodehalogenation of bromobenzene decreased from 32% to 8%.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the nephroprotective and antioxidant properties of Triphala against bromobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity in female Wistar albino rats. METHODS： Animals were...OBJECTIVE： The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the nephroprotective and antioxidant properties of Triphala against bromobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity in female Wistar albino rats. METHODS： Animals were divided into five groups of six rats and treated as follows： Group I was a normal control and received no treatment, Group II received only bromobenzene （10 mmol/kg）, Groups III and IV received bromobenzene and Triphala （250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively）, Group V received Triphala alone （500 mg/kg）, and Group VI received bromobenzene and silymarin （100 mg/kg） Antioxidant status and serum kidney functional markers were analyzed. RESULTS： Bromobenzene treatment resulted in significant （P 〈 0.05） decreases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase as well as total reduced glutathione. There was a significant （P 〈 0.05） increase in lipid peroxidation in kidney tissue homogenates. There were significant （P 〈 0.05） reductions in the levels of serum total protein and albumin as well as significant （P 〈 0.05） increases in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid. The oral administration of two different doses （250 and 500 mg/kg） of Triphala in bromobenzene-treated rats normalized the tested parameters. The histopathological examinations of kidney sections of the experimental rats support the biochemical observations. CONCLUSION： Triphala treatment alleviated the nephrotoxic effects of bromobenzene by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the levels of lipid peroxidation and kidney functional markers.展开更多
基金the Science and Technology Research Project for University of Liaoning Province(No.20060038)for the generous financial support.
文摘The photopromoted carbonylation of bromobenzene with carbon monoxide catalyzed by inexpensive commercially available cobalt salts [Co（OAc）2, COCl2] was carried out under ambient conditions. The results revealed that methyl benzoate was produced in the presence of basic additives （CH3ONa, NaOAc or （n-C4H9）3N）. The catalytic activity of Co（OAc）2 was higher than that of COCl2. Furthermore, the activity of the carbonylation was greatly improved by addition of acetophenone, e.g. both the yield and selectivity of the ester were increased from 47% to 91% with Co（OAc）2 as catalyst and CH3ONa as additive, while the yield of byproduct benzene from hydrodehalogenation of bromobenzene decreased from 32% to 8%.
文摘OBJECTIVE： The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the nephroprotective and antioxidant properties of Triphala against bromobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity in female Wistar albino rats. METHODS： Animals were divided into five groups of six rats and treated as follows： Group I was a normal control and received no treatment, Group II received only bromobenzene （10 mmol/kg）, Groups III and IV received bromobenzene and Triphala （250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively）, Group V received Triphala alone （500 mg/kg）, and Group VI received bromobenzene and silymarin （100 mg/kg） Antioxidant status and serum kidney functional markers were analyzed. RESULTS： Bromobenzene treatment resulted in significant （P 〈 0.05） decreases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase as well as total reduced glutathione. There was a significant （P 〈 0.05） increase in lipid peroxidation in kidney tissue homogenates. There were significant （P 〈 0.05） reductions in the levels of serum total protein and albumin as well as significant （P 〈 0.05） increases in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid. The oral administration of two different doses （250 and 500 mg/kg） of Triphala in bromobenzene-treated rats normalized the tested parameters. The histopathological examinations of kidney sections of the experimental rats support the biochemical observations. CONCLUSION： Triphala treatment alleviated the nephrotoxic effects of bromobenzene by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the levels of lipid peroxidation and kidney functional markers.
