Sixteen mungbean lines were analyzed using 56 random primers. Different DNA bands were detected between Bruchid resistant lines and susceptible lines. According to the cluster results, the 16 lines can be divided into...Sixteen mungbean lines were analyzed using 56 random primers. Different DNA bands were detected between Bruchid resistant lines and susceptible lines. According to the cluster results, the 16 lines can be divided into four groups, including brucid resistant wild types, resistant cultivated lines, resistant progenies and a mixed group. BSA method was used to identify DNA markers that related with bruchid resistant gene by using resistant line and susceptible line and their F2 progeny. One codominant marker was identified, which generated a fragment of 1.79 kb in resistant lines and 1.03 kb in susceptible lines. Finally, this codominant marker was considered to be tightly linked with bruchid resistant gene and could be useful in resistant germplasm identification and marker-assisted selection.展开更多
Bruchid is a serious insect pest of mungbean [Vigna radiata （L.） Wilczek] and can inflict serious loss. A resistant variety from India, V2709, was crossed with a susceptible variety, Zhonglti 1, from the World Veget...Bruchid is a serious insect pest of mungbean [Vigna radiata （L.） Wilczek] and can inflict serious loss. A resistant variety from India, V2709, was crossed with a susceptible variety, Zhonglti 1, from the World Vegetable Center, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center （AVRDC）. Segregation of the F2, BC1F1, and F3 populations showed that bruchid resistance of V2709 is controlled by a single dominant locus. To find molecular marker linked with the resistant locus, 63 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers and 113 sets of SSR/STS primers were used in a bulked segregant analysis. Two of the markers, OPC-06 and STSbr2, were found to be linked with the locus （named as Br2）. Further analysis suggested that the genetic distances between these two markers and Br2 were 11.0 and 5.8 cM, respectively.展开更多
Bruchid beetles such as Callosobruchus maculatus are known to the storage pests of grain legumes and cause tremendous damage. The main method to protect from them is chemical insecticides or fumigants. But, they would...Bruchid beetles such as Callosobruchus maculatus are known to the storage pests of grain legumes and cause tremendous damage. The main method to protect from them is chemical insecticides or fumigants. But, they would cause some problems such as environmental pollution, hazard to health. So, it is necessary to develop the grain legumes protection methods or systems using less chemical insecticides or fumigants from the perspective of integrated pest management (IPM). In this paper, I review the works of legumes grain protection methods without chemical insecticides or fumigants especially for the natural parasitoids, essential oils and other methods recently developed.展开更多
Plants can accumulate, constitutively and/or after induction, a wide variety of defense compounds in their tissues that confer resistance to herbivorous insects. The naturally occurring plant resistance gene pool can ...Plants can accumulate, constitutively and/or after induction, a wide variety of defense compounds in their tissues that confer resistance to herbivorous insects. The naturally occurring plant resistance gene pool can serve as an arsenal in pest management via transgenic approaches. As insect-plant interaction research rapidly advances, it has gradually become clear that the effects of plant defense compounds are determined not only by their toxicity toward target sites, but also by how insects respond to the challenge. Insect digestive tracts are not passive targets of plant defense, but often can adapt to dietary challenge and successfully deal with various plant toxins and anti-metabolites. This adaptive response has posed an obstacle to biotechnology-based pest control approaches, which underscores the importance of understanding insect adaptive mechanisms. Molecular studies on the impact of protease inhibitors on insect digestion have contributed significantly to our understanding of insect adaptation to plant defense. This review will focus on exposing how the insect responds to protease inhibitors by both qualitative and quantitative remodeling of their digestive proteases using the cowpea bruchid-soybean cysteine protease inhibitor N system.展开更多
Toxicity of bruchid-resistant cultivars MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders as cowpea protectants against Callosobruchus maculatus(Fab.)was investigated at an ambient temperature of 28±2°C and a relative ...Toxicity of bruchid-resistant cultivars MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders as cowpea protectants against Callosobruchus maculatus(Fab.)was investigated at an ambient temperature of 28±2°C and a relative humidity of 75±5%.Their efficacy was tested at dosage,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,and 3.0 g/20 g of cowpea seeds on adult mortality,oviposition,adult emergence,progeny development,seed damage,weight loss,and Beetle Perforation Index(BPI)by cowpea bruchid.The result showed that toxicity of the bruchid-resistant cowpea cultivar powders on adult bruchid is dosage-and time-dependent.At a dosage of 3.0 g/20 g,cultivars MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders achieved 70%and 72.5%lethal effect on adult C.maculatus after 4 days of treatment,respectively.Oviposition and percentage adult emergence of C.maculatus decrease with an increase in powder dosage.Conversely,reduction in progeny development of C.maculatus increases with an increase in powder dosage.The mean number of adult emergence decreased at 2 g/20 g,2.5 g/20 g and 3 g/20 g.The MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders significantly affected egg development.The MIT07K-299-92 powder was more effective against oviposition and adult emergence at higher concentrations than MIT04K-399-1 powder,an effect that was not significantly different(P>0.05)from each other.The BPI of 9.1 and 6.2 was recorded on cowpea seeds treated with MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders at a dosage of 3 g/20 g,respectively.The fear of residual toxicity on nontargeted organisms is not associated with the use of resistant cowpea cultivars as seed protectant.Subsistence farmers are familiar with the technology involved in the preparation and application of powders as protectants.Integration of bruchid-resistant cowpea cultivars MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders into the management of coleopteran pests will ensure availability of viable seeds for future farming in developing nations such as Nigeria.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30170635).
文摘Sixteen mungbean lines were analyzed using 56 random primers. Different DNA bands were detected between Bruchid resistant lines and susceptible lines. According to the cluster results, the 16 lines can be divided into four groups, including brucid resistant wild types, resistant cultivated lines, resistant progenies and a mixed group. BSA method was used to identify DNA markers that related with bruchid resistant gene by using resistant line and susceptible line and their F2 progeny. One codominant marker was identified, which generated a fragment of 1.79 kb in resistant lines and 1.03 kb in susceptible lines. Finally, this codominant marker was considered to be tightly linked with bruchid resistant gene and could be useful in resistant germplasm identification and marker-assisted selection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30170635)Crop Germplasm Protection,China(NB04-22-12)National Facilities and Information Infrastructure for Scinece and Technology,China(2004DKA30380-08,National Key Technology Support Plan,China(2006BAD02B08),Science and Technology of Agricultural Vocation,China(nyhyzx07-017).
文摘Bruchid is a serious insect pest of mungbean [Vigna radiata （L.） Wilczek] and can inflict serious loss. A resistant variety from India, V2709, was crossed with a susceptible variety, Zhonglti 1, from the World Vegetable Center, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center （AVRDC）. Segregation of the F2, BC1F1, and F3 populations showed that bruchid resistance of V2709 is controlled by a single dominant locus. To find molecular marker linked with the resistant locus, 63 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers and 113 sets of SSR/STS primers were used in a bulked segregant analysis. Two of the markers, OPC-06 and STSbr2, were found to be linked with the locus （named as Br2）. Further analysis suggested that the genetic distances between these two markers and Br2 were 11.0 and 5.8 cM, respectively.
文摘Bruchid beetles such as Callosobruchus maculatus are known to the storage pests of grain legumes and cause tremendous damage. The main method to protect from them is chemical insecticides or fumigants. But, they would cause some problems such as environmental pollution, hazard to health. So, it is necessary to develop the grain legumes protection methods or systems using less chemical insecticides or fumigants from the perspective of integrated pest management (IPM). In this paper, I review the works of legumes grain protection methods without chemical insecticides or fumigants especially for the natural parasitoids, essential oils and other methods recently developed.
文摘Plants can accumulate, constitutively and/or after induction, a wide variety of defense compounds in their tissues that confer resistance to herbivorous insects. The naturally occurring plant resistance gene pool can serve as an arsenal in pest management via transgenic approaches. As insect-plant interaction research rapidly advances, it has gradually become clear that the effects of plant defense compounds are determined not only by their toxicity toward target sites, but also by how insects respond to the challenge. Insect digestive tracts are not passive targets of plant defense, but often can adapt to dietary challenge and successfully deal with various plant toxins and anti-metabolites. This adaptive response has posed an obstacle to biotechnology-based pest control approaches, which underscores the importance of understanding insect adaptive mechanisms. Molecular studies on the impact of protease inhibitors on insect digestion have contributed significantly to our understanding of insect adaptation to plant defense. This review will focus on exposing how the insect responds to protease inhibitors by both qualitative and quantitative remodeling of their digestive proteases using the cowpea bruchid-soybean cysteine protease inhibitor N system.
文摘Toxicity of bruchid-resistant cultivars MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders as cowpea protectants against Callosobruchus maculatus(Fab.)was investigated at an ambient temperature of 28±2°C and a relative humidity of 75±5%.Their efficacy was tested at dosage,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,and 3.0 g/20 g of cowpea seeds on adult mortality,oviposition,adult emergence,progeny development,seed damage,weight loss,and Beetle Perforation Index(BPI)by cowpea bruchid.The result showed that toxicity of the bruchid-resistant cowpea cultivar powders on adult bruchid is dosage-and time-dependent.At a dosage of 3.0 g/20 g,cultivars MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders achieved 70%and 72.5%lethal effect on adult C.maculatus after 4 days of treatment,respectively.Oviposition and percentage adult emergence of C.maculatus decrease with an increase in powder dosage.Conversely,reduction in progeny development of C.maculatus increases with an increase in powder dosage.The mean number of adult emergence decreased at 2 g/20 g,2.5 g/20 g and 3 g/20 g.The MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders significantly affected egg development.The MIT07K-299-92 powder was more effective against oviposition and adult emergence at higher concentrations than MIT04K-399-1 powder,an effect that was not significantly different(P>0.05)from each other.The BPI of 9.1 and 6.2 was recorded on cowpea seeds treated with MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders at a dosage of 3 g/20 g,respectively.The fear of residual toxicity on nontargeted organisms is not associated with the use of resistant cowpea cultivars as seed protectant.Subsistence farmers are familiar with the technology involved in the preparation and application of powders as protectants.Integration of bruchid-resistant cowpea cultivars MIT04K-399-1 and MIT07K-299-92 powders into the management of coleopteran pests will ensure availability of viable seeds for future farming in developing nations such as Nigeria.
