Collisions between a moving mass and an anti-collision device increase structural responses and threaten structural safety.An active mass damper(AMD)with stroke limitations is often used to avoid collisions.However,a ...Collisions between a moving mass and an anti-collision device increase structural responses and threaten structural safety.An active mass damper(AMD)with stroke limitations is often used to avoid collisions.However,a strokelimited AMD control system with a fixed limited area shortens the available AMD stroke and leads to significant control power.To solve this problem,the design approach with variable gain and limited area(VGLA)is proposed in this study.First,the boundary of variable-limited areas is calculated based on the real-time status of the moving mass.The variable gain(VG)expression at the variable limited area is deduced by considering the saturation of AMD stroke.Then,numerical simulations of a stroke-limited AMD control system with VGLA are conducted on a high-rise building structure.These numerical simulations show that the proposed approach has superior strokelimitation performance compared with a stroke-limited AMD control system with a fixed limited area.Finally,the proposed approach is validated through experiments on a four-story steel frame.展开更多
Phase-change material(PCM)is widely used in thermal management due to their unique thermal behavior.However,related research in thermal rectifier is mainly focused on exploring the principles at the fundamental device...Phase-change material(PCM)is widely used in thermal management due to their unique thermal behavior.However,related research in thermal rectifier is mainly focused on exploring the principles at the fundamental device level,which results in a gap to real applications.Here,we propose a controllable thermal rectification design towards building applications through the direct adhesion of composite thermal rectification material(TRM)based on PCM and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)aerogel to ordinary concrete walls(CWs).The design is evaluated in detail by combining experiments and finite element analysis.It is found that,TRM can regulate the temperature difference on both sides of the TRM/CWs system by thermal rectification.The difference in two directions reaches to 13.8 K at the heat flow of 80 W/m^(2).In addition,the larger the change of thermal conductivity before and after phase change of TRM is,the more effective it is for regulating temperature difference in two directions.The stated technology has a wide range of applications for the thermal energy control in buildings with specific temperature requirements.展开更多
Building emission reduction is an important way to achieve China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.Aiming at the problem of low carbon economic operation of a photovoltaic energy storage building system,a ...Building emission reduction is an important way to achieve China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.Aiming at the problem of low carbon economic operation of a photovoltaic energy storage building system,a multi-time scale optimal scheduling strategy based on model predictive control(MPC)is proposed under the consideration of load optimization.First,load optimization is achieved by controlling the charging time of electric vehicles as well as adjusting the air conditioning operation temperature,and the photovoltaic energy storage building system model is constructed to propose a day-ahead scheduling strategy with the lowest daily operation cost.Second,considering inter-day to intra-day source-load prediction error,an intraday rolling optimal scheduling strategy based on MPC is proposed that dynamically corrects the day-ahead dispatch results to stabilize system power fluctuations and promote photovoltaic consumption.Finally,taking an office building on a summer work day as an example,the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling strategy is verified.The results of the example show that the strategy reduces the total operating cost of the photovoltaic energy storage building system by 17.11%,improves the carbon emission reduction by 7.99%,and the photovoltaic consumption rate reaches 98.57%,improving the system’s low-carbon and economic performance.展开更多
In order to improve the seismic performance of adjacent buildings,two types of tuned inerter damper(TID)damping systems for adjacent buildings are proposed,which are composed of springs,inerter devices and dampers in ...In order to improve the seismic performance of adjacent buildings,two types of tuned inerter damper(TID)damping systems for adjacent buildings are proposed,which are composed of springs,inerter devices and dampers in serial or in parallel.The dynamic equations of TID adjacent building damping systems were derived,and the H2 norm criterion was used to optimize and adjust them,so that the system had the optimum damping performance under white noise random excitation.Taking TID frequency ratio and damping ratio as optimization parameters,the optimum analytical solutions of the displacement frequency response of the undamped structure under white noise excitation were obtained.The results showed that compared with the classic TMD,TID could obtain a better damping effect in the adjacent buildings.Comparing the TIDs composed of serial or parallel,it was found that the parallel TIDs had more significant advantages in controlling the peak displacement frequency response,while the H2 norm of the displacement frequency response of the damping system under the coupling of serial TID was smaller.Taking the adjacent building composed of two ten-story frame structures as an example,the displacement and energy collection time history analysis of the adjacent building coupled with the optimum design parameter TIDs were carried out.It was found that TID had a better damping effect in the full-time range compared with the classic TMD.This paper also studied the potential power of TID in adjacent buildings,which can be converted into available power resources during earthquakes.展开更多
Urbanization has led to the rapid development of the construction industry.However,this has also led to higher requirements for the construction engineering management.Other than the quality monitoring of engineering ...Urbanization has led to the rapid development of the construction industry.However,this has also led to higher requirements for the construction engineering management.Other than the quality monitoring of engineering construction,the energy-saving properties of the building should also be considered.Therefore,a scientific management approach should be adopted to improve green building management.This paper primarily examines the importance of quality management in green building construction,along with the factors influencing it.It also identifies the quality issues present in current green building construction.Finally,it proposes measures for quality management in the green building construction process to facilitate the industry’s healthy development.展开更多
Quality control and safety management are two very important contents in building construction project management.Once the construction quality is not up to standard or a safety accident occurs,the economic benefits o...Quality control and safety management are two very important contents in building construction project management.Once the construction quality is not up to standard or a safety accident occurs,the economic benefits of the project will be severely impacted.However,there are still some problems in the quality and safety management of the project.In this paper the problems in construction quality control and safety management are analyzed,and effective countermeasures are put forward,in hopes to help improve construction quality and safety.展开更多
Cooling panels are increasingly used in domestic residential buildings.To provide medium temperature cold water for the cooling panel,and dehumidify the indoor air simultaneously,a new kind of temperature-humidity ind...Cooling panels are increasingly used in domestic residential buildings.To provide medium temperature cold water for the cooling panel,and dehumidify the indoor air simultaneously,a new kind of temperature-humidity independent control air-conditioning unit was developed for single residential house by utilizing multi-variable technology.First,the supply air temperature was studied to determine the proper supply air flow rate for the humidity control.Then,the energy consumption of different temperature-humidity independent control systems was studied.The analysis indicates that unity evaporating temperature can be used to handle the moisture load and sensible heat load in two evaporators.So the unit scheme was put forward.Two evaporators were used to produce medium temperature water and dry air separately,and electric expansion valves were used to control the refrigerant distribution between the two evaporators.Then,experimental work was carried out to investigate the influence of compressor frequency,refrigerant distribution on the dehumidification capacity,energy efficiency and refrigeration capacity.In the end,the paper concludes that both compressor frequency and refrigerant distribution can control the dehumidification capacity,but the former influences the EER more than the latter,while the latter influences the refrigeration capacity more than the former.We can find a proper running point at certain sensible and latent cooling load by adjusting both compressor frequency and electric expansion valve.The energy consumption of this kind of unit was estimated and compared with present room air conditioners,which shows that it can save about 41% cooling energy consumption.展开更多
This study investigates the effectiveness of the non-smooth semi-active control algorithm on suppressing the vibration performance of a building structure subjected to seismic waves. According to the Lyapunov stabilit...This study investigates the effectiveness of the non-smooth semi-active control algorithm on suppressing the vibration performance of a building structure subjected to seismic waves. According to the Lyapunov stability theory, it has bene proven that the non-smooth semi-active control algorithm can achieve a finite-time stability of the vibration relative to the isolation layer of a building structure. Through numerical simulation of two buildings with different parameters subjected to the input of a seismic wave, the vibration conditions of passive control, LQR semi-active control and non-smooth semiactive control are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the non-smooth semi-active control algorithm has a better robustness and effectiveness in restraining the impact of earthquakes on the structure.展开更多
Solid backfilling mining can reduce the buildings' damage caused by mining greatly. The reduction of subsidence value, the slow advancing speed and the subsidence caused by backfilling body compaction are the main...Solid backfilling mining can reduce the buildings' damage caused by mining greatly. The reduction of subsidence value, the slow advancing speed and the subsidence caused by backfilling body compaction are the main reasons that solid backfilling mining velocity decreases significantly. Based on the research of mechanism, some principles on subsidence control of solid backfilling mining under buildings were proposed. The equivalent mining height was designed according to the fortification criteria of buildings and their attachment structures, which enables the ground movement and deformation caused by mining to be less than the corresponding fortification criteria.展开更多
The sealed,tuned liquid column gas damper (TLCGD) with gas-spring effect extends the frequency range of application and efficiently increases the modal structural damping.Active tuned liquid column gas damper (ATL...The sealed,tuned liquid column gas damper (TLCGD) with gas-spring effect extends the frequency range of application and efficiently increases the modal structural damping.Active tuned liquid column gas damper (ATLCGD) is developed for the vibration control of plane asymmetric buildings subjected to earthquake excitation,improving the performance of the passive control scheme.The active behaviour is obtained by adjusting the pressure at the end of the liquid column using a pressurised reservoir.The classical linear quadratic regulator (LQR) design is presented as a straightforward approach to optimal control.Numerical simulations indicate a significant vibration reduction of plane asymmetric buildings by active control within the strong motion of the dynamic response.展开更多
The construction of relevant standards for building carbon emission assessment in China has just started,and the quantitative analysis method and evaluation system are still imperfect,which hinders the development of ...The construction of relevant standards for building carbon emission assessment in China has just started,and the quantitative analysis method and evaluation system are still imperfect,which hinders the development of low-carbon building design.Therefore,the use of intelligent energy management system is very necessary.The purpose of this paper is to explore the design optimization of low-carbon buildings based on intelligent energy management systems.Based on the proposed quantitative method of building carbon emission,this paper establishes the quota theoretical system of building carbon emission analysis,and develops the quota based carbon emission calculation software.Smart energy management system is a low-carbon energy-saving system based on the reference of large-scale building energy-saving system and combined with energy consumption.It provides a fast and effective calculation tool for the quantitative evaluation of carbon emission of construction projects,so as to realize the carbon emission control and optimization in the early stage of architectural design and construction.On this basis,the evaluation,analysis and calculation method of building structure based on carbon reduction target is proposed,combined with the carbon emission quota management standard proposed in this paper.Taking small high-rise residential buildings as an example,this paper compares and analyzes different building structural systems from the perspectives of structural performance,economy and carbon emission level.It provides a reference for the design and evaluation of low-carbon building structures.The smart energy management system collects user energy use parameters.It uses time period and time sequence to obtain a large amount of data for analysis and integration,which provides users with intuitive energy consumption data.Compared with the traditional architectural design method,the industrialized construction method can save 589.22 megajoules(MJ)per square meter.Based on 29270 megajoules(MJ)per ton of standard coal,the construction area of the case is about 8000 m2,and the energy saving of residential buildings is 161.04 tons of standard coal.This research is of great significance in reducing the carbon emission intensity of buildings.展开更多
In this study,an innovative solution is developed for vibration suppression of the high-rise building.The infinite dimensional system model has been presented for describing high-rise building structures which have a ...In this study,an innovative solution is developed for vibration suppression of the high-rise building.The infinite dimensional system model has been presented for describing high-rise building structures which have a large inertial load with the help of the Hamilton’s principle.On the basis of this system model and with the use of the Lyapunov’s direct method,a boundary controller is proposed and the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded in the time domain.Finally,by using the Smart Structure laboratory platform which is produced by Quancer,we conduct a set of experiments and find that the designed method is resultful.展开更多
Building Energy Management Systems(BEMS)are computer-based systems that aid in managing,controlling,and monitoring the building technical services and energy consumption by equipment used in the building.The effective...Building Energy Management Systems(BEMS)are computer-based systems that aid in managing,controlling,and monitoring the building technical services and energy consumption by equipment used in the building.The effectiveness of BEMS is dependent upon numerous factors,among which the operational characteristics of the building and the BEMS control parameters also play an essential role.This research develops a user-driven simulation tool where users can input the building parameters and BEMS controls to determine the effectiveness of their BEMS.The simulation tool gives the user the flexibility to understand the potential energy savings by employing specific BEMS control and help in making intelligent decisions.The simulation is developed using Visual Basic Application(VBA)in Microsoft Excel,based on discrete-event Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS).The simulation works by initially calculating the energy required for space cooling and heating based on current building parameters input by the user in the model.Further,during the second simulation,the user selects all the BEMS controls and improved building envelope to determine the energy required for space cooling and heating during that case.The model compares the energy consumption from the first simulation and the second simulation.Then the simulation model will provide the rating of the effectiveness of BEMS on a continuous scale of 1 to 5(1 being poor effectiveness and 5 being excellent effectiveness of BEMS).This work is intended to facilitate building owner/energy managers to analyze the building energy performance concerning the efficacy of their energy management system.展开更多
This article introduced the vision building concept about human influenza pandemic prevention and control.Different visions were built by creating different shapes of building blocks which also represented different o...This article introduced the vision building concept about human influenza pandemic prevention and control.Different visions were built by creating different shapes of building blocks which also represented different organizations and physical facilities,respectively.The around-view reflection is required to be developed in the process of building so as to search for the ideal pattern.The correlation of all sectors and systems are established to combine different kinds of things,from one family to another,from communities,towns,counties,cities,rural areas, provinces to the state to handle trivial problems.These training objectives have been successfully accomplished,which has not only enriched the knowledge about prevention and control of influenza pandemic between different departments but also clarified the roles and responsibility. It lays the firm foundation for next cooperation between different departments,and make a bridge for the objective and choice of channel over human influenza pandemic prevention and control.展开更多
Mining subsidence damage is the main factor of restricting coal mining under buildings. To control or ease effectively the degree of mining subsidence and deformation is essential to resolve this problem. Through anal...Mining subsidence damage is the main factor of restricting coal mining under buildings. To control or ease effectively the degree of mining subsidence and deformation is essential to resolve this problem. Through analyzing both advantages and disadvantages of some technologies such as mining with stowing,partial extraction and grouting in separated beds of overburden,we used the principle of load replacement and propose a "3-step mining" method,a new pattern of controlling mining subsidence,which consists of: strip mining,i.e. grouting to fill and consolidate the caving zone and retained strip pillar mining. The mechanism of controlling mining subsidence by using the "3-step mining" pattern is analyzed. The effect of the control is numerically simulated. The preliminary analysis shows that the "3-step mining" can effectively control ground subsidence and deformation. By using this method,the ground subsidence factor can be controlled to a value of about 0.25. Coal recovery can reach 80%-90%. Coal mining without removing surface buildings can be realized and the economic loss resulting from ground subsidence can be greatly reduced.展开更多
This paper presents a study to optimize the heating energy costs in a residential building with varying electricity price signals based on an Economic Model Predictive Controller (EMPC). The investigated heating syste...This paper presents a study to optimize the heating energy costs in a residential building with varying electricity price signals based on an Economic Model Predictive Controller (EMPC). The investigated heating system consists of an air source heat pump (ASHP) incorporated with a hot water tank as active Thermal Energy Storage (TES), where two optimization problems are integrated together to optimize both the ASHP electricity consumption and the building heating consumption utilizing a heat dynamic model of the building. The results show that the proposed EMPC can save the energy cost by load shifting compared with some reference cases.展开更多
To improve the performance of an active mass damper control system,the controller should be designed based on a reduced-order model. An improved method based on balanced truncation method was proposed to reduce the di...To improve the performance of an active mass damper control system,the controller should be designed based on a reduced-order model. An improved method based on balanced truncation method was proposed to reduce the dimension of high-rise buildings,and was compared with other widely used reduction methods by using a framework with ten floors. This optimized method has improvement of reduction process and choice of the order. Based on the reduced-order model obtained by the improved method and pole-assignment algorithm,a controller was designed. Finally,a comparative analysis of structural responses,transfer functions,and poles was conducted on an actual high-rise building. The results show the effectiveness of the improved method.展开更多
This paper presents a design of intelligent building control system based on multi-sensors. In order to achieve comfort, low carbon and energy conservation for buildings. The design uses STC89C52 chip, combined with m...This paper presents a design of intelligent building control system based on multi-sensors. In order to achieve comfort, low carbon and energy conservation for buildings. The design uses STC89C52 chip, combined with monitoring data of Pyroelectric infrared microwave dual sensor, temperature sensors and light sensors to control the optical system, the temperature control system and the security system. It helps to achieve low carbon and energy conservation. In addition, the energy-saving effect of a medium-sized multimedia classroom was analyzed. We analyze the feasibility of the system. It is proved that the system is low cost, high yield and easy to operate, with strong engineering application value.展开更多
Dengue has been a critical problem for an Islamic School, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Southern Thailand. Objectives: 1) to build student capacity;and 2) to evaluate the results of student capacity building. Method: ...Dengue has been a critical problem for an Islamic School, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Southern Thailand. Objectives: 1) to build student capacity;and 2) to evaluate the results of student capacity building. Method: Participatory Action Research: PAR was applied in three phases: 1) the school-based preparation phase;2) the process of building student capacity phase, and 3) evaluation of the results of the student capacity building. Independent T-Test statistical method was used to analyze student capacity both before and after the intervention. Larval Indices were determined through ratio analysis. Results: Prior to the intervention, there was no clear strategy for combating dengue. In this study, three groups were formed to build student capacity: a leader group, a non-leader group, and a support group. The leader group (48 student leaders), critical to the study, was set as a dengue club named “Eliminate Ades Aegypti, the culprit of dengue” which focused on eight sets of activities: “Dengue or Death”, “Seniors educating juniors”, “Reward for good answers”, “Dengue monitoring team”, “Youth to expel mosquetoes”, “Mosquito or busy”, “Garbage elimination of Pondok”, and “Essential doctors”. The level of student capacity for the prevention and control of dengue of a sampling of 308 student representatives of the Pondok (Islamic school) showed an increase after intervention ( (SD);56.78 (17.06);65.33(15.36) and different statistic significant (P < 0.001). The Larval indices ratio levels had decreased from the original levels (BI = 244, HI = 45, and CI = 26) after intervention (BI = 137, HI = 39, and CI = 19). Dengue morbidity and mortality rates were not found during the study. Discussion: Although there had been an increase in student capacity, a decrease in the larval indices ratio, and the absence of a dengue epidemiology index, the high risk of a dengue epidemic might still be found in the school because the ratio of larval indices were higher than the standard index. Then, the committed participation of students, school, and communities around the school vicinity is needed in building student capacity of dengue prevention and control.展开更多
This paper presents a stable, nonlinear, adaptive control scheme for building heating and cooling systems. The proposed controller utilizes the principle of adaptive one step ahead control and aims at reducing the ene...This paper presents a stable, nonlinear, adaptive control scheme for building heating and cooling systems. The proposed controller utilizes the principle of adaptive one step ahead control and aims at reducing the energy consumed for heating or cooling a building. The design steps are discussed in details and a proof of global stability is also provided. Also, the performance of the proposed controller is demonstrated on a simulated building thermal model.展开更多
基金This research was founded by the Funds for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51921006)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant No.51978224)+2 种基金the National Major Scientific Research Instrument Development Program of China(Grant No.51827811)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,(Grant No.52008141)the Shenzhen Technology Innovation Program(Grant Nos.JCYJ20170811160003571,JCYJ20180508152238111 and JCYJ20200109112803851).
文摘Collisions between a moving mass and an anti-collision device increase structural responses and threaten structural safety.An active mass damper(AMD)with stroke limitations is often used to avoid collisions.However,a strokelimited AMD control system with a fixed limited area shortens the available AMD stroke and leads to significant control power.To solve this problem,the design approach with variable gain and limited area(VGLA)is proposed in this study.First,the boundary of variable-limited areas is calculated based on the real-time status of the moving mass.The variable gain(VG)expression at the variable limited area is deduced by considering the saturation of AMD stroke.Then,numerical simulations of a stroke-limited AMD control system with VGLA are conducted on a high-rise building structure.These numerical simulations show that the proposed approach has superior strokelimitation performance compared with a stroke-limited AMD control system with a fixed limited area.Finally,the proposed approach is validated through experiments on a four-story steel frame.
基金This work was supported in part by Tsinghua University-Zhuhai Huafa Industrial Share Company Joint Institute for Architecture Optoelectronic Technologies(JIAOT KF202204)in part by STI 2030—Major Projects under Grant 2022ZD0209200+2 种基金in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62374099,Grant 62022047in part by Beijing Natural Science-Xiaomi Innovation Joint Fund under Grant L233009in part by the Tsinghua-Toyota JointResearch Fund,in part by the Daikin-Tsinghua Union Program,in part sponsored by CIE-Tencent Robotics XRhino-Bird Focused Research Program.
文摘Phase-change material(PCM)is widely used in thermal management due to their unique thermal behavior.However,related research in thermal rectifier is mainly focused on exploring the principles at the fundamental device level,which results in a gap to real applications.Here,we propose a controllable thermal rectification design towards building applications through the direct adhesion of composite thermal rectification material(TRM)based on PCM and reduced graphene oxide(rGO)aerogel to ordinary concrete walls(CWs).The design is evaluated in detail by combining experiments and finite element analysis.It is found that,TRM can regulate the temperature difference on both sides of the TRM/CWs system by thermal rectification.The difference in two directions reaches to 13.8 K at the heat flow of 80 W/m^(2).In addition,the larger the change of thermal conductivity before and after phase change of TRM is,the more effective it is for regulating temperature difference in two directions.The stated technology has a wide range of applications for the thermal energy control in buildings with specific temperature requirements.
文摘Building emission reduction is an important way to achieve China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.Aiming at the problem of low carbon economic operation of a photovoltaic energy storage building system,a multi-time scale optimal scheduling strategy based on model predictive control(MPC)is proposed under the consideration of load optimization.First,load optimization is achieved by controlling the charging time of electric vehicles as well as adjusting the air conditioning operation temperature,and the photovoltaic energy storage building system model is constructed to propose a day-ahead scheduling strategy with the lowest daily operation cost.Second,considering inter-day to intra-day source-load prediction error,an intraday rolling optimal scheduling strategy based on MPC is proposed that dynamically corrects the day-ahead dispatch results to stabilize system power fluctuations and promote photovoltaic consumption.Finally,taking an office building on a summer work day as an example,the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling strategy is verified.The results of the example show that the strategy reduces the total operating cost of the photovoltaic energy storage building system by 17.11%,improves the carbon emission reduction by 7.99%,and the photovoltaic consumption rate reaches 98.57%,improving the system’s low-carbon and economic performance.
基金This research was funded by the Natural Science Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Anhui Province(Grant No.2022AH040045)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2008085QE245)the Project of Science and Technology Plan of Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of Anhui Province(Grant No.2021-YF22).
文摘In order to improve the seismic performance of adjacent buildings,two types of tuned inerter damper(TID)damping systems for adjacent buildings are proposed,which are composed of springs,inerter devices and dampers in serial or in parallel.The dynamic equations of TID adjacent building damping systems were derived,and the H2 norm criterion was used to optimize and adjust them,so that the system had the optimum damping performance under white noise random excitation.Taking TID frequency ratio and damping ratio as optimization parameters,the optimum analytical solutions of the displacement frequency response of the undamped structure under white noise excitation were obtained.The results showed that compared with the classic TMD,TID could obtain a better damping effect in the adjacent buildings.Comparing the TIDs composed of serial or parallel,it was found that the parallel TIDs had more significant advantages in controlling the peak displacement frequency response,while the H2 norm of the displacement frequency response of the damping system under the coupling of serial TID was smaller.Taking the adjacent building composed of two ten-story frame structures as an example,the displacement and energy collection time history analysis of the adjacent building coupled with the optimum design parameter TIDs were carried out.It was found that TID had a better damping effect in the full-time range compared with the classic TMD.This paper also studied the potential power of TID in adjacent buildings,which can be converted into available power resources during earthquakes.
文摘Urbanization has led to the rapid development of the construction industry.However,this has also led to higher requirements for the construction engineering management.Other than the quality monitoring of engineering construction,the energy-saving properties of the building should also be considered.Therefore,a scientific management approach should be adopted to improve green building management.This paper primarily examines the importance of quality management in green building construction,along with the factors influencing it.It also identifies the quality issues present in current green building construction.Finally,it proposes measures for quality management in the green building construction process to facilitate the industry’s healthy development.
文摘Quality control and safety management are two very important contents in building construction project management.Once the construction quality is not up to standard or a safety accident occurs,the economic benefits of the project will be severely impacted.However,there are still some problems in the quality and safety management of the project.In this paper the problems in construction quality control and safety management are analyzed,and effective countermeasures are put forward,in hopes to help improve construction quality and safety.
基金Supported by Research Fund of the 11th 5year Sci Tech National Support Project
文摘Cooling panels are increasingly used in domestic residential buildings.To provide medium temperature cold water for the cooling panel,and dehumidify the indoor air simultaneously,a new kind of temperature-humidity independent control air-conditioning unit was developed for single residential house by utilizing multi-variable technology.First,the supply air temperature was studied to determine the proper supply air flow rate for the humidity control.Then,the energy consumption of different temperature-humidity independent control systems was studied.The analysis indicates that unity evaporating temperature can be used to handle the moisture load and sensible heat load in two evaporators.So the unit scheme was put forward.Two evaporators were used to produce medium temperature water and dry air separately,and electric expansion valves were used to control the refrigerant distribution between the two evaporators.Then,experimental work was carried out to investigate the influence of compressor frequency,refrigerant distribution on the dehumidification capacity,energy efficiency and refrigeration capacity.In the end,the paper concludes that both compressor frequency and refrigerant distribution can control the dehumidification capacity,but the former influences the EER more than the latter,while the latter influences the refrigeration capacity more than the former.We can find a proper running point at certain sensible and latent cooling load by adjusting both compressor frequency and electric expansion valve.The energy consumption of this kind of unit was estimated and compared with present room air conditioners,which shows that it can save about 41% cooling energy consumption.
基金National Natural Science Foundation(NNSF)of China under Grant No.51478132Guangzhou City College Scientific Research Project under Grant No.120163017
文摘This study investigates the effectiveness of the non-smooth semi-active control algorithm on suppressing the vibration performance of a building structure subjected to seismic waves. According to the Lyapunov stability theory, it has bene proven that the non-smooth semi-active control algorithm can achieve a finite-time stability of the vibration relative to the isolation layer of a building structure. Through numerical simulation of two buildings with different parameters subjected to the input of a seismic wave, the vibration conditions of passive control, LQR semi-active control and non-smooth semiactive control are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the non-smooth semi-active control algorithm has a better robustness and effectiveness in restraining the impact of earthquakes on the structure.
基金Project(50834004)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(LEDM2009B01)supported by Key Laboratory for Land Environment and Disaster Monitoring of SBSMProject(SKLGP2010K002)supported by Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,China
文摘Solid backfilling mining can reduce the buildings' damage caused by mining greatly. The reduction of subsidence value, the slow advancing speed and the subsidence caused by backfilling body compaction are the main reasons that solid backfilling mining velocity decreases significantly. Based on the research of mechanism, some principles on subsidence control of solid backfilling mining under buildings were proposed. The equivalent mining height was designed according to the fortification criteria of buildings and their attachment structures, which enables the ground movement and deformation caused by mining to be less than the corresponding fortification criteria.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation at the North China University of Technology and the Projectsponsored by SPF for ROCS (SEM)
文摘The sealed,tuned liquid column gas damper (TLCGD) with gas-spring effect extends the frequency range of application and efficiently increases the modal structural damping.Active tuned liquid column gas damper (ATLCGD) is developed for the vibration control of plane asymmetric buildings subjected to earthquake excitation,improving the performance of the passive control scheme.The active behaviour is obtained by adjusting the pressure at the end of the liquid column using a pressurised reservoir.The classical linear quadratic regulator (LQR) design is presented as a straightforward approach to optimal control.Numerical simulations indicate a significant vibration reduction of plane asymmetric buildings by active control within the strong motion of the dynamic response.
基金supported by“Key Technology Research on Operational Performance Improvement of the Green Building”(2020YFS0060)Key Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province+2 种基金supported by“Creative VR Teaching and Learning Research Based on‘PBL+’and Multidimensional Collaboration”(JG2021-721)“Reform in the Mode and Practice of Architecture Education with the Characteristics of Geology”(JG2021-672)Education Quality and Teaching Reform Project of Higher Education in Sichuan Province in 2021–2023.
文摘The construction of relevant standards for building carbon emission assessment in China has just started,and the quantitative analysis method and evaluation system are still imperfect,which hinders the development of low-carbon building design.Therefore,the use of intelligent energy management system is very necessary.The purpose of this paper is to explore the design optimization of low-carbon buildings based on intelligent energy management systems.Based on the proposed quantitative method of building carbon emission,this paper establishes the quota theoretical system of building carbon emission analysis,and develops the quota based carbon emission calculation software.Smart energy management system is a low-carbon energy-saving system based on the reference of large-scale building energy-saving system and combined with energy consumption.It provides a fast and effective calculation tool for the quantitative evaluation of carbon emission of construction projects,so as to realize the carbon emission control and optimization in the early stage of architectural design and construction.On this basis,the evaluation,analysis and calculation method of building structure based on carbon reduction target is proposed,combined with the carbon emission quota management standard proposed in this paper.Taking small high-rise residential buildings as an example,this paper compares and analyzes different building structural systems from the perspectives of structural performance,economy and carbon emission level.It provides a reference for the design and evaluation of low-carbon building structures.The smart energy management system collects user energy use parameters.It uses time period and time sequence to obtain a large amount of data for analysis and integration,which provides users with intuitive energy consumption data.Compared with the traditional architectural design method,the industrialized construction method can save 589.22 megajoules(MJ)per square meter.Based on 29270 megajoules(MJ)per ton of standard coal,the construction area of the case is about 8000 m2,and the energy saving of residential buildings is 161.04 tons of standard coal.This research is of great significance in reducing the carbon emission intensity of buildings.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61933001,62061160371,62003029)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ20026)Beijing Top Discipline for Artificial Intelligent Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing。
文摘In this study,an innovative solution is developed for vibration suppression of the high-rise building.The infinite dimensional system model has been presented for describing high-rise building structures which have a large inertial load with the help of the Hamilton’s principle.On the basis of this system model and with the use of the Lyapunov’s direct method,a boundary controller is proposed and the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded in the time domain.Finally,by using the Smart Structure laboratory platform which is produced by Quancer,we conduct a set of experiments and find that the designed method is resultful.
基金The first three authors who conducted this research were partly funded by the Industrial Assessment Center Project,supported by grants from the US Department of Energy and by the West Virginia Development Office.
文摘Building Energy Management Systems(BEMS)are computer-based systems that aid in managing,controlling,and monitoring the building technical services and energy consumption by equipment used in the building.The effectiveness of BEMS is dependent upon numerous factors,among which the operational characteristics of the building and the BEMS control parameters also play an essential role.This research develops a user-driven simulation tool where users can input the building parameters and BEMS controls to determine the effectiveness of their BEMS.The simulation tool gives the user the flexibility to understand the potential energy savings by employing specific BEMS control and help in making intelligent decisions.The simulation is developed using Visual Basic Application(VBA)in Microsoft Excel,based on discrete-event Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS).The simulation works by initially calculating the energy required for space cooling and heating based on current building parameters input by the user in the model.Further,during the second simulation,the user selects all the BEMS controls and improved building envelope to determine the energy required for space cooling and heating during that case.The model compares the energy consumption from the first simulation and the second simulation.Then the simulation model will provide the rating of the effectiveness of BEMS on a continuous scale of 1 to 5(1 being poor effectiveness and 5 being excellent effectiveness of BEMS).This work is intended to facilitate building owner/energy managers to analyze the building energy performance concerning the efficacy of their energy management system.
基金supported by a grant form by the World Bank(FIo-016) for China capacity building for highly pathogenic avian influenza prevention and human pandemic influenza preparedness projectgranted by Australia, European Union,and other donor countries
文摘This article introduced the vision building concept about human influenza pandemic prevention and control.Different visions were built by creating different shapes of building blocks which also represented different organizations and physical facilities,respectively.The around-view reflection is required to be developed in the process of building so as to search for the ideal pattern.The correlation of all sectors and systems are established to combine different kinds of things,from one family to another,from communities,towns,counties,cities,rural areas, provinces to the state to handle trivial problems.These training objectives have been successfully accomplished,which has not only enriched the knowledge about prevention and control of influenza pandemic between different departments but also clarified the roles and responsibility. It lays the firm foundation for next cooperation between different departments,and make a bridge for the objective and choice of channel over human influenza pandemic prevention and control.
文摘Mining subsidence damage is the main factor of restricting coal mining under buildings. To control or ease effectively the degree of mining subsidence and deformation is essential to resolve this problem. Through analyzing both advantages and disadvantages of some technologies such as mining with stowing,partial extraction and grouting in separated beds of overburden,we used the principle of load replacement and propose a "3-step mining" method,a new pattern of controlling mining subsidence,which consists of: strip mining,i.e. grouting to fill and consolidate the caving zone and retained strip pillar mining. The mechanism of controlling mining subsidence by using the "3-step mining" pattern is analyzed. The effect of the control is numerically simulated. The preliminary analysis shows that the "3-step mining" can effectively control ground subsidence and deformation. By using this method,the ground subsidence factor can be controlled to a value of about 0.25. Coal recovery can reach 80%-90%. Coal mining without removing surface buildings can be realized and the economic loss resulting from ground subsidence can be greatly reduced.
文摘This paper presents a study to optimize the heating energy costs in a residential building with varying electricity price signals based on an Economic Model Predictive Controller (EMPC). The investigated heating system consists of an air source heat pump (ASHP) incorporated with a hot water tank as active Thermal Energy Storage (TES), where two optimization problems are integrated together to optimize both the ASHP electricity consumption and the building heating consumption utilizing a heat dynamic model of the building. The results show that the proposed EMPC can save the energy cost by load shifting compared with some reference cases.
文摘To improve the performance of an active mass damper control system,the controller should be designed based on a reduced-order model. An improved method based on balanced truncation method was proposed to reduce the dimension of high-rise buildings,and was compared with other widely used reduction methods by using a framework with ten floors. This optimized method has improvement of reduction process and choice of the order. Based on the reduced-order model obtained by the improved method and pole-assignment algorithm,a controller was designed. Finally,a comparative analysis of structural responses,transfer functions,and poles was conducted on an actual high-rise building. The results show the effectiveness of the improved method.
文摘This paper presents a design of intelligent building control system based on multi-sensors. In order to achieve comfort, low carbon and energy conservation for buildings. The design uses STC89C52 chip, combined with monitoring data of Pyroelectric infrared microwave dual sensor, temperature sensors and light sensors to control the optical system, the temperature control system and the security system. It helps to achieve low carbon and energy conservation. In addition, the energy-saving effect of a medium-sized multimedia classroom was analyzed. We analyze the feasibility of the system. It is proved that the system is low cost, high yield and easy to operate, with strong engineering application value.
文摘Dengue has been a critical problem for an Islamic School, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Southern Thailand. Objectives: 1) to build student capacity;and 2) to evaluate the results of student capacity building. Method: Participatory Action Research: PAR was applied in three phases: 1) the school-based preparation phase;2) the process of building student capacity phase, and 3) evaluation of the results of the student capacity building. Independent T-Test statistical method was used to analyze student capacity both before and after the intervention. Larval Indices were determined through ratio analysis. Results: Prior to the intervention, there was no clear strategy for combating dengue. In this study, three groups were formed to build student capacity: a leader group, a non-leader group, and a support group. The leader group (48 student leaders), critical to the study, was set as a dengue club named “Eliminate Ades Aegypti, the culprit of dengue” which focused on eight sets of activities: “Dengue or Death”, “Seniors educating juniors”, “Reward for good answers”, “Dengue monitoring team”, “Youth to expel mosquetoes”, “Mosquito or busy”, “Garbage elimination of Pondok”, and “Essential doctors”. The level of student capacity for the prevention and control of dengue of a sampling of 308 student representatives of the Pondok (Islamic school) showed an increase after intervention ( (SD);56.78 (17.06);65.33(15.36) and different statistic significant (P < 0.001). The Larval indices ratio levels had decreased from the original levels (BI = 244, HI = 45, and CI = 26) after intervention (BI = 137, HI = 39, and CI = 19). Dengue morbidity and mortality rates were not found during the study. Discussion: Although there had been an increase in student capacity, a decrease in the larval indices ratio, and the absence of a dengue epidemiology index, the high risk of a dengue epidemic might still be found in the school because the ratio of larval indices were higher than the standard index. Then, the committed participation of students, school, and communities around the school vicinity is needed in building student capacity of dengue prevention and control.
文摘This paper presents a stable, nonlinear, adaptive control scheme for building heating and cooling systems. The proposed controller utilizes the principle of adaptive one step ahead control and aims at reducing the energy consumed for heating or cooling a building. The design steps are discussed in details and a proof of global stability is also provided. Also, the performance of the proposed controller is demonstrated on a simulated building thermal model.