SPATIAL STRUCTURE EVOLUTION OF SYSTEM OF RECREATION BUSINESS DISTRICT——A Case of Suzhou City

The growing attention on urban tourism was very widespread. There are two angles to study urban tourism: supply-side and demand-side. And the supply-side of the tourism remains very important. The RBD (Recreation Business District) is a useful framework to understand the components of urban tourism and how they fit together. The paper begins with a review on the RBD and the spatial structure of tourism in urban areas and then attempts to develop a more general understanding of the spatial structure evolution of RBDs in a tourist-historic city-Suzhou. The spatial structures and functions of the RBDs in Suzhou are examined, based on field observations, interviews with city officials and industry leaders, and a review of available documents. The urban tourism of Suzhou has developed in a range of contexts, that various types of RBDs have emerged as a result of different urban development strategies. The spatial structure has evolved from the past "Single-cored Structure" to "Double-cored Structure" at present, and then to "Chain Structure" in the future. The spatial form and evolution of RBD in Suzhou are closely relative with its urban spatial expansion. Urban area dispersal is the prerequisite of the emergence of the RBD. Planning and constructing the RBD becomes a new impetus to urban growth or renewal. Finally, a number of strategies for planning and developing the RBD in Suzhou are suggested. The different RBDs should adopt different strategies. Intensification can be the possible strategy for the RBDs in the ancient city. Accreting with the urban theme park or engrafting on the Jinji Lake is suggested respectively for the RBD in the Suzhou New District and the Suzhou Industrial Park.

Investigation on the Concurrent-Business Behavior of Peasant Households during the Planting Structure Adjustment in Karst Mountainous Area

Based on the survey data of 150 peasant households in typical Karst mountainous area in the year 2009, causations, characteristics and influence factors of the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households during planting structure adjustment are analyzed. Result shows that there is significant positive correlation between the concurrent-business income and the household income of farmers. And the concurrent-business behavior has the tendency to be popular among the young farmers with the characteristics of relative concentration, strong will of farmers and the significant impact of education degree on the concurrent-business income. Information, capital, skill, and market awareness are the main factors affecting the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households. Countermeasures to optimize the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households are put forward, such as strengthening the skills training for farmers to improve the cultural quality of peasant households, establishing modern rural financial service system to offer capital support for the development of peasant households, setting up information base of rural labor force to provide more information and channels for the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households, and enhancing the cultivation of farmers' market awareness to improve their ability to adapt to market economy.

The Interrelationship between Culture and Capital Structure:Evidence from International Retailers

The present study investigates the influence of cultural factors in 2022 on the capital structure of global retailers.There are sixteen retailers from eight countries in the sample.In recent times,numerous academicians have taken an interest in examining the capital structure and business model of retailers,owing to their swift and consistent growth.However,the fact that the majority of research originates from the retailers’host country gives rise to debate regarding the applicability of the capital structure of said retailers to countries with distinct cultural environments.Consequently,academics have begun to investigate whether the capital structure of multinational retailers is impacted by the diversity of national cultures.

Analysis of Satisfaction with Business Cost in Shanghai Using Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Tracing the origins of business cost, to define the satisfaction assessment factors on the business cost in Shanghai was investigated in this paper. Arguing that these effects: a single low cost is not only the criterion determining satisfaction. Other important factors, such as enterprise internal cognitive attitude,stability of the external environment,the quality of perceptions of government services can affect satisfaction. Within structural equation modeling( SEM) approach, six sets of hypotheses are drawn up and tested with a sample of 338 enterprises using questionnaires. Additionally,the analyses of findings introduce the crucial importance of these features in the assessment of satisfaction with business cost in Shanghai. Finally, the results show that internal cognitive has a positive impact on satisfaction. Stability of the external environment has a significant relationship with the effectiveness of government services. Stability of the external environmeat and the effectiveness of government servises have a positive effect on satisfaction.

Research on SAP Business One Implementation Risk Factors with Interpretive Structural Model

The possible risk factors during SAP Business One implementation were studied with depth interview. The results are then adjusted by experts. 20 categories of risk factors that are totally 49 factors were found. Based on the risk factors during the SAP Business One implementation, questionnaire was used to study the key risk factors of SAP Business One implementation. Results illustrate ten key risk factors, these are risk of senior managers leadership, risk of project management, risk of process improvement, risk of implementation team organization, risk of process analysis, risk of based data, risk of personnel coordination, risk of change management, risk of secondary development, and risk of data import. Focus on the key risks of SAP Business One implementation, the interpretative structural modeling approach is used to study the relationship between these factors and establish a seven-level hierarchical structure. The study illustrates that the structure is olive-like, in which the risk of data import is on the top, and the risk of senior managers is on the bottom. They are the most important risk factors.

The Redesign of the Business Model Based on the Structural Perspective

At present, whether internally or abroad, whether in the theory or business, there is a lack of a unified understanding about the basic concepts of structural system and theoretical category of enterprise business model, and its theoretical analysis framework has not been built up, it is the exploratory phase of the model research in the mass. This study aims to analyze the formation mechanism, action mechanism, and evolution mechanism about the business model from the perspective of structure, and designs the enterprise business model architecture and forms a system, besides, explores approaches and strategies about enterprise carrying out business model innovation, and does beneficial bedding in order to use and improve the theoretical system in the process of the enterprise management practice. The significance of this study is to provide analytical methods and tools for the business model questions in the enterprise management practice. This paper firstly defined the connotation of enterprise business model and summarized the seven characteristics of the corporate business model. On the basis of outlining the enterprise business model design theory, the structural design of the corporate business model is mainly discussed. This paper designed the structure of the business model on modular perspective, proposed four constituent units and nine elements of enterprise business model structure system. Through the design of the enterprise business model structure and analysis of the elements that constitute structure, provide the basis for the transformation of innovative enterprise business model, or both enterprise business models, avoid the lack of elements of the enterprise business model structure and lead to business failure. Finally, the paper concludes with the five core strategies for the implementation of the enterprise business model design.

E-Business Agent系统结构分析及关键技术

本研究基于Agent搭建的虚拟商务平台主要分为三个功能模块 ,即通用网上购物模块、网上商场模块和Agent系统模块。其中核心部分Agent系统模块作为常驻触发模块。Agent系统运行如下 :(1)接收HTML的线性超链结构信息以及XML信息 ;(2 )经过信息过滤 ,提取XML扩展字典标准信息 ;(3)将有效信息通过决策支持系统的推理机制进行运算处理 ,并与决策知识库中的模式进行匹配和比较 ,计算出初步结果 ;(4)经过结果处理将相应信息传回用户界面。主要涉及的关键技术有开放网络技术 (TCP IP) ,跨平台编程 (JAVA) ,数据仓库分析和数据挖掘技术。

On Textual Function of English Business Letters

The English business letter (EBL) is an important written text used for international business communication and it has its own features of text. This paper explores the textual function of EBL in terms of thematic structure and thematic progression and finds that EBL has its unique textual features.

Process-oriented organizational structure and its application in real estate development enterprises in China

This paper analyzes the shortcomings of the current organizational structure of real estate development enterprises in China. Integrating the idea of Business Process Reengineering （BPR） with organizational reformation, the authors bring out a process-orlented organizational structure. A further study on the application of process-oriented organizational structure in real estate development enterprises is carried out in a test case. Using residence-development process as an example, the authors illustrate the composition and operation of the business process system of real estate development enterprises.

How Much Is the Financial Structure of Italian Textile SMEs?

The textile sector in Italy has traditionally played an important role in the national economy: To date, it weighs about 4% of GDP. Despite international competition, the sector maintains its importance which is internationally recognized. The firms in the sector are committed to remaining competitive, investing in innovation and communication, increasingly seeking internationalization. To keep up with the competition, it is necessary to have financial resources to cover these investments. In Italy, with the exception of some great outliers, the sector is dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises: The small size makes often more difficult to raise funds. The paper aims to analyze the cost of financing for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Italian textile sector, verifying also if it remains a prevailing orientation towards debt financing. Using the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) formula, the study focuses on 2,446 companies, with financial data available on the Orbis database by Bureau van Dijk. Results confirm a strong unbalanced structure towards debt financing;however, the cost of capital is mitigated by the cost of “standing alone” debt, much lower than that one of shareholders’ funds.

Genre analysis on business English correspondence

This thesis has collected 156 business letters and analyzed their characteristics within the framework of V. K. Bhatia＇s cognitive structuring model. Each kind of the business letters follows different moves and within moves, a wide range of strategies are employed. This paper on the one hand illustrates the different structures of business letters and on the other hand demonstrates that the sequencing of the moves enjoys a great flexibility, which to some degree reflects the dynamic nature of genre.

Presenting Knowledge System of International Trade Terms in Business English Learners＇ Dictionaries

Dictionaries should present business encyclopedic knowledge as well as business linguistic knowledge. This paper, taking Incoterms for international trade as an example （with ＂CIF＂ as the case for analysis）, introduces 7 types of dictionary structures （overall structure, frame stzucture/megastrncture, macrostructure, microstzucture, distribution structure, cross-reference stzucture/mediostrncture and access structure）, summarizes the knowledge system of international trade terms （consisting of ＂international trade＂, ＂sets of rules of international trade terms＂, ＂Incoterms 2010＂, and ＂CIF＂）, and illustrates the methods of systematically presenting the knowledge system of international trade terms through dictionary structures in an English-English-Chinese bilingualized business English learners＇ dictionary with Oxford Business English Dictionary for Learners of English （New Edition） as a reference. Such presentation is intended for enhancing business English learners as dictionary users to grasp the knowledge of international trade terms as a whole.

Optimization of Rural Governance Structure under the Development of New Agricultural Management Entities

The positive impact of the development of new agricultural business entities and their institutional systems on the optimization of rural governance structures can be examined from various perspectives,including the state,market,rural society,urban-rural relations,and grassroots governance structure in rural communities.The development of these new agricultural business entities has not only redefined but also restructured the power distribution and governance patterns in rural developing countries,markets,and villages.The rural social order has evolved into a ternary mutual structure governance pattern,often referred to as the“state market rural”model.This transformation has prompted adjustments in the national economic and social policy structure and management systems at both macro and micro levels.It has led to the reshaping of power dynamics,benefit distribution,and governance structures in both urban and rural areas,resulting in significant changes to the economic and social fabric of rural regions.Furthermore,the grassroots governance structure in rural society,characterized by“township governance and village governance,”is undergoing continuous development and improvement.This transition is marked by a shift towards a collaborative governance structure that encourages diverse participation.Building upon the aforementioned optimizations,the rural governance structure now exhibits new characteristics.These include a more extensive and diverse range of rural governance mechanisms,increased openness in governance processes,and a heightened synergy among various governance mechanisms.This dynamic evolution reflects a richer,more diverse,and more open approach to rural governance,fostering a stronger collaborative effort in the pursuit of effective governance.

Unraveling Iterative Control Structures from Business Processes

Iterative control structures allow the repeated execution of tasks,activities or sub-processes according to the given conditions in a process model.Iterative control structures can significantly increase the risk of triggering temporal exceptions since activities within the scope of these control structures could be repeatedly executed until a predefined condition is met.In this paper,we propose two approaches to unravel iterative control structures from process models.The first approach unravels loops based on zero-one principle.The second approach unravels loops based on branching probabilities assigned at split gateways.The proposed methods can be used to unfold structured loops,nested loops and crossing loops.Since the unfolded model does not contain any iterative control structures,it can be used for further analysis by process designers during the modeling phase.The proposed methods are implemented based on workflow graphs,and therefore they are compatible with modeling languages such as Business Process Modelling Notation(BPMN).In the experiments,the execution behavior of unfolded process models is compared against the original models based on the concept of runs.Experimental results reveal that runs generated from the original models can be correctly executed in the unfolded BPMN models that do not contain any loops.

Mobile and Context-Aware GeoBI Applications: A Multilevel Model for Structuring and Sharing of Contextual Information

With the requirements for high performance results in the today’s mobile, global, highly competitive, and technology-based business world, business professionals have to get supported by convenient mobile decision support systems (DSS). To give an improved support to mobile business professionals, it is necessary to go further than just allowing a simple remote access to a Business Intelligence platform. In this paper, the need for actual context-aware mobile Geospatial Business Intelligence (GeoBI) systems that can help capture, filter, organize and structure the user mobile context is exposed and justified. Furthermore, since capturing, structuring, and modeling mobile contextual information is still a research issue, a wide inventory of existing research work on context and mobile context is provided. Then, step by step, we methodologically identify relevant contextual information to capture for mobility purposes as well as for BI needs, organize them into context-dimensions, and build a hierarchical mobile GeoBI context model which (1) is geo-spatial-extended, (2) fits with human perception of mobility, (3) takes into account the local context interactions and information-sharing with remote contexts, and (4) matches with the usual hierarchical aggregated structure of BI data.

A Research on Path Optimization for Business Structure of Chinese Investment Banks

Chinese investment banks, as a part of the financial market, play an important role in the development of the national economy. With the development of financial market after China＇s entry into WTO, the investment banks confront with immensely international competition. Meanwhile, Chinese investment banks are facing with problems such as elementary business structure, small capitalization and faultiness of governance, which lead to their less competitive power. This article conducts research from the perspective of path optimization of business structure of investment banks. Through economic analysis of path optimization of business structure, we conclude path optimization of business structure of domestic investment banks will lay a solid foundation for enhancing their competitive power. Whereafter this article constructs optimized path for business structure of Chinese investment banks and analyzes the influence factors of the optimized path. At last, this article advises on how to enhance the business structure of Chinese investment banks.

新业态从业人员社会保险参保选择及其影响因素:一项基于配送骑手和快递员群体的调查

在“社会结构-个体行动”的理论框架下,本文对全国1600多名新业态从业人员的社会保险参保行为及其背后的影响因素进行实地调查。以即时配送骑手和快递员群体为代表的新业态从业者,其社会保险参保水平尤其是就业关联的社会保险参保率相对较低。实证分析结果表明,劳动法律关系等制度性特征直接决定新业态从业人员的社会保险总体参保程度及对基本养老保险和基本医疗保险的险种选择。个体年龄、健康状况、收入水平等特征及其与制度特征的交互,对参保行为产生显著影响。本文结合与新业态从业人员、地方政府部门的深度访谈,从制度结构嵌入个体理性决策的角度对新业态从业者的参保行为做出进一步阐释,最后提出完善劳动法律法规,优化社会保障制度设计的政策建议。

服务业扩大开放政策对产业结构升级的影响——基于北京市服务业扩大开放综合试点的准自然实验

以北京市服务业扩大开放综合试点为研究对象,运用合成控制法实证考察了服务业扩大开放政策对北京市产业结构升级的影响效应及作用机制,结果显示:在产业整体层面,服务业扩大开放政策能够显著提升北京市的产业结构高级化水平,且随着政策的迭代调整,该政策对产业结构升级的促进作用逐年增大;同时,该政策能够有效促进本地劳动力要素向科技、金融等高端产业集聚,进而以人才驱动支撑服务业高端化发展。机制检验表明,该政策主要通过营商环境改善效应、资本积累效应及知识溢出效应等途径促进产业结构升级。对此,未来应进一步深化服务业扩大开放政策,注重引导高端产业的均衡发展与全面开放,强化制度创新及政策联动。