Hydrogenation modification is one of the most important ways to produce high-quality petroleum resin. The col- orless C9 petroleum resin （CgPR） was obtained by two-stage catalytic hydrogenation over NiWS/？-A1203 ca...Hydrogenation modification is one of the most important ways to produce high-quality petroleum resin. The col- orless C9 petroleum resin （CgPR） was obtained by two-stage catalytic hydrogenation over NiWS/？-A1203 catalyst and PdRu/ y-A1203 catalyst connected in series. Via the hydrogenation reaction, aromatic rings in C9PR were converted to alicyclic rings, and its color was reduced from Gardner color grade No. 11 to Gardner color grade No. 0. The optimum Ni/W atomic ratio was found to be close to 0.23, while the optimum Pd/Ru atomic ratio was close to 3.80. The TEM results showed that the morphology and size of sulfide or metal particles of the two kinds of catalysts remained almost unchanged after the reac- tion was carried our for 1 204 hours, attesting to their good catalytic stability.展开更多
The modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared from the C9petroleum resin was modified with maleic anhydride.The effects of maleic rosin and maleic anhydride addition level,the modification time and the alkali liquor ...The modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared from the C9petroleum resin was modified with maleic anhydride.The effects of maleic rosin and maleic anhydride addition level,the modification time and the alkali liquor on the properties of the emulsion were discussed.The results showed that the optimum process conditions covered:a maleic anhydride mass fraction of 1.5%,a maleic rosin mass fraction of 10%,a KOH mass fraction of 1%,a petroleum resin modification temperature of 200℃,a petroleum resin modification duration of 3 h,and a modified petroleum resin emulsion/wax emulsion mixing ratio of 1:1.The particle size of modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared under these conditions was equal to 104.166μm.展开更多
Catalytic hydrogenation is an appropriate method for the improvement of C9 petroleum resin（C9PR） quality. In this study, the Ni2P/SiO2（containing 10% of Ni） catalyst prepared by the temperature-programmed reductio...Catalytic hydrogenation is an appropriate method for the improvement of C9 petroleum resin（C9PR） quality. In this study, the Ni2P/SiO2（containing 10% of Ni） catalyst prepared by the temperature-programmed reduction（TPR） method was used for hydrogenation of C9 petroleum resins. The effect of reaction conditions on catalytic performance was studied, and the results showed that the optimum reaction temperature, pressure and liquid hourly space velocity（LHSV） was 250 ℃, 6.0 MPa, and 1.0 h-1, respectively. The bromine numbers of hydrogenated products were maintained at low values（250 mg Br/100g） within 300h, showing the high activity and stability of Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, BET surface area（BET） analysis, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） pyridine adsorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. Compared with the traditional sulfurated-Ni W catalysts, Ni2P possessed globe-like structure instead of layered structure like the active phase of Ni WS, thereof exposing more active sites, which were responsible for the high activity of Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst. The stability of Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst was probably attributed to its high sulfur tolerance, antisintering, anti-coking and carbon-resistance ability. These properties might be further ascribed to the special Ni-P-S surface phase, high thermal stability of Ni2P nanoparticles and weak surface acidity for the Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst.展开更多
By use of X ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the friction and wear results obtained from MM 1000 dynamometer tests of CVI pitch/resin C/C composites were analyzed. By investigating the factor...By use of X ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the friction and wear results obtained from MM 1000 dynamometer tests of CVI pitch/resin C/C composites were analyzed. By investigating the factors that affected the friction and wear properties, such as matrix carbon, application environment, graphitization degree and brake pressure, etc, friction and wear mechanism of carbon materials were probed. The results indicate that pitch densified CVI initially treated composite is more graphitizable with its graphitization degree up to 62%, and which results in uniform small debris easier to generate, more smooth friction curves with the coefficient of 0.3 ～ 0.4 and relatively higher linear wear and mass loss, compared with CVI/resin C/C composites. It was further proved by SEM observation that tribological behavior of C/C composite was system dependent. Factors determining the friction and wear properties such as the size of debris and its influence on friction and wear, brake pressure, graphization degree and debris film formation interacted and affected each other. The friction and wear mechanism of C/C composites under different high temperature treatments needs further research.展开更多
Epoxy resin/Ni@C nanoparticle composites with aligned microstructure were prepared by using a procedure of magnetic field assisted curing. The results show that the resistivity of composites exhibits negative temperat...Epoxy resin/Ni@C nanoparticle composites with aligned microstructure were prepared by using a procedure of magnetic field assisted curing. The results show that the resistivity of composites exhibits negative temperature coefficient （NTC） effect above room temperature, and can be adjusted by varying the content filler and the magnitude of magnetic field applied. Hill＇s quantum tunneling model was modified to understand the electrical conduction mechanism in the composites. It shows that the NTC effect ascribes to the dominant thermal activated tunneling transport of electron across adjacent nanoparticles, as well as the low thermal expansivity of epoxy resin matrix.展开更多
The development of efficient bonding agents is one aspect of the advancement of refractories. Based on a newly developed binder system, a new generation of tarresin bonded magnesia carbon products with high performanc...The development of efficient bonding agents is one aspect of the advancement of refractories. Based on a newly developed binder system, a new generation of tarresin bonded magnesia carbon products with high performance has been developed. Furthermore, the binder system characterized by high carbon yield after carbonization results in forming an extremely strong carbon bonding. It can improve refractories properties to get new product with more advantages than old refractories： more economic, lower cost and low toxicity. Tar-resin is not only used in shaped refractories, but also in more refractories types, such as monolithic refractories. Immersion experiments of MgO- C monolithic refractories samples in liquid steel at 1600℃ have been carried out for steel making industry. These experiments showed the formation of a dense and continuous MgO rich layer, on the interface between refractory and steel, and the possible formation of inclusions as large clusters protruding from the refractory surface. For the mechanical properties, the powder was heated up to 1400℃ in air to remove carbon, and was subsequently formed into brick shape. Standard ASTM was used to determine the MOR, porosity and density. It is found that antioxidantmaterials play an important role in improving the mechanical properties.展开更多
以2D叠层炭布为增强体,以掺加硅粉、炭粉和碳化硅粉3种无机粉体的糠酮树脂为前驱体,经浸渍、热压固化、炭化裂解和高温热处理过程制备出炭/炭-碳化硅(C/C-SiC)复合材料。采用多功能密度测试仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)...以2D叠层炭布为增强体,以掺加硅粉、炭粉和碳化硅粉3种无机粉体的糠酮树脂为前驱体,经浸渍、热压固化、炭化裂解和高温热处理过程制备出炭/炭-碳化硅(C/C-SiC)复合材料。采用多功能密度测试仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和力学万能试验机,研究了硅粉、炭粉和碳化硅粉的掺加量以及后续化学气相渗透(CVI)处理对C/C-SiC复合材料致密度、微观结构及抗弯强度的影响。结果表明:硅粉、炭粉和碳化硅粉掺加后所形成的碳化硅颗粒对复合材料起到颗粒弥散增强的作用。具体而言,粉体掺加量越多,C/C-SiC复合材料越致密,抗弯强度越大;在三点弯曲载荷作用下,C/C-SiC复合材料呈假塑性断裂模式,并且出现层间开裂现象。对C/C-SiC复合材料进行10 h CVI处理后发现,形成的热解炭可以作为炭纤维与树脂炭基体之间的界面,弥补了树脂炭的微孔,相比于未进行CVI处理的C/C-SiC复合材料,密度最大提高了4.98%,抗弯强度最大提高了38.86%。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department (Y201018517)
文摘Hydrogenation modification is one of the most important ways to produce high-quality petroleum resin. The col- orless C9 petroleum resin （CgPR） was obtained by two-stage catalytic hydrogenation over NiWS/？-A1203 catalyst and PdRu/ y-A1203 catalyst connected in series. Via the hydrogenation reaction, aromatic rings in C9PR were converted to alicyclic rings, and its color was reduced from Gardner color grade No. 11 to Gardner color grade No. 0. The optimum Ni/W atomic ratio was found to be close to 0.23, while the optimum Pd/Ru atomic ratio was close to 3.80. The TEM results showed that the morphology and size of sulfide or metal particles of the two kinds of catalysts remained almost unchanged after the reac- tion was carried our for 1 204 hours, attesting to their good catalytic stability.
文摘The modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared from the C9petroleum resin was modified with maleic anhydride.The effects of maleic rosin and maleic anhydride addition level,the modification time and the alkali liquor on the properties of the emulsion were discussed.The results showed that the optimum process conditions covered:a maleic anhydride mass fraction of 1.5%,a maleic rosin mass fraction of 10%,a KOH mass fraction of 1%,a petroleum resin modification temperature of 200℃,a petroleum resin modification duration of 3 h,and a modified petroleum resin emulsion/wax emulsion mixing ratio of 1:1.The particle size of modified petroleum resin emulsion prepared under these conditions was equal to 104.166μm.
基金financially supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department (Y201225114)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY13B030006)
文摘Catalytic hydrogenation is an appropriate method for the improvement of C9 petroleum resin（C9PR） quality. In this study, the Ni2P/SiO2（containing 10% of Ni） catalyst prepared by the temperature-programmed reduction（TPR） method was used for hydrogenation of C9 petroleum resins. The effect of reaction conditions on catalytic performance was studied, and the results showed that the optimum reaction temperature, pressure and liquid hourly space velocity（LHSV） was 250 ℃, 6.0 MPa, and 1.0 h-1, respectively. The bromine numbers of hydrogenated products were maintained at low values（250 mg Br/100g） within 300h, showing the high activity and stability of Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, BET surface area（BET） analysis, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） pyridine adsorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. Compared with the traditional sulfurated-Ni W catalysts, Ni2P possessed globe-like structure instead of layered structure like the active phase of Ni WS, thereof exposing more active sites, which were responsible for the high activity of Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst. The stability of Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst was probably attributed to its high sulfur tolerance, antisintering, anti-coking and carbon-resistance ability. These properties might be further ascribed to the special Ni-P-S surface phase, high thermal stability of Ni2P nanoparticles and weak surface acidity for the Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst.
文摘By use of X ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the friction and wear results obtained from MM 1000 dynamometer tests of CVI pitch/resin C/C composites were analyzed. By investigating the factors that affected the friction and wear properties, such as matrix carbon, application environment, graphitization degree and brake pressure, etc, friction and wear mechanism of carbon materials were probed. The results indicate that pitch densified CVI initially treated composite is more graphitizable with its graphitization degree up to 62%, and which results in uniform small debris easier to generate, more smooth friction curves with the coefficient of 0.3 ～ 0.4 and relatively higher linear wear and mass loss, compared with CVI/resin C/C composites. It was further proved by SEM observation that tribological behavior of C/C composite was system dependent. Factors determining the friction and wear properties such as the size of debris and its influence on friction and wear, brake pressure, graphization degree and debris film formation interacted and affected each other. The friction and wear mechanism of C/C composites under different high temperature treatments needs further research.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China under grant No. 50704021.
文摘Epoxy resin/Ni@C nanoparticle composites with aligned microstructure were prepared by using a procedure of magnetic field assisted curing. The results show that the resistivity of composites exhibits negative temperature coefficient （NTC） effect above room temperature, and can be adjusted by varying the content filler and the magnitude of magnetic field applied. Hill＇s quantum tunneling model was modified to understand the electrical conduction mechanism in the composites. It shows that the NTC effect ascribes to the dominant thermal activated tunneling transport of electron across adjacent nanoparticles, as well as the low thermal expansivity of epoxy resin matrix.
文摘The development of efficient bonding agents is one aspect of the advancement of refractories. Based on a newly developed binder system, a new generation of tarresin bonded magnesia carbon products with high performance has been developed. Furthermore, the binder system characterized by high carbon yield after carbonization results in forming an extremely strong carbon bonding. It can improve refractories properties to get new product with more advantages than old refractories： more economic, lower cost and low toxicity. Tar-resin is not only used in shaped refractories, but also in more refractories types, such as monolithic refractories. Immersion experiments of MgO- C monolithic refractories samples in liquid steel at 1600℃ have been carried out for steel making industry. These experiments showed the formation of a dense and continuous MgO rich layer, on the interface between refractory and steel, and the possible formation of inclusions as large clusters protruding from the refractory surface. For the mechanical properties, the powder was heated up to 1400℃ in air to remove carbon, and was subsequently formed into brick shape. Standard ASTM was used to determine the MOR, porosity and density. It is found that antioxidantmaterials play an important role in improving the mechanical properties.
文摘以2D叠层炭布为增强体,以掺加硅粉、炭粉和碳化硅粉3种无机粉体的糠酮树脂为前驱体,经浸渍、热压固化、炭化裂解和高温热处理过程制备出炭/炭-碳化硅(C/C-SiC)复合材料。采用多功能密度测试仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和力学万能试验机,研究了硅粉、炭粉和碳化硅粉的掺加量以及后续化学气相渗透(CVI)处理对C/C-SiC复合材料致密度、微观结构及抗弯强度的影响。结果表明:硅粉、炭粉和碳化硅粉掺加后所形成的碳化硅颗粒对复合材料起到颗粒弥散增强的作用。具体而言,粉体掺加量越多,C/C-SiC复合材料越致密,抗弯强度越大;在三点弯曲载荷作用下,C/C-SiC复合材料呈假塑性断裂模式,并且出现层间开裂现象。对C/C-SiC复合材料进行10 h CVI处理后发现,形成的热解炭可以作为炭纤维与树脂炭基体之间的界面,弥补了树脂炭的微孔,相比于未进行CVI处理的C/C-SiC复合材料,密度最大提高了4.98%,抗弯强度最大提高了38.86%。
