The stromal interaction molecule(STIM)-calcium release-activated calcium channel protein(ORAI) and inositol1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP_3Rs) play pivotal roles in the modulation of Ca^(2+)-regulated pathways from ...The stromal interaction molecule(STIM)-calcium release-activated calcium channel protein(ORAI) and inositol1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP_3Rs) play pivotal roles in the modulation of Ca^(2+)-regulated pathways from gene transcription to cell apoptosis by driving calcium-dependent signaling processes.Increasing evidence has implicated the dysregulation of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.By controlling the activities,structure,and/or expression levels of these Ca^(2+)-transporting proteins,malignant cancer cells can hijack them to drive essential biological functions for tumor development.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the participation of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs in the biological behavior of cancer remain elusive.In this review,we summarize recent advances regarding STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs and discuss how they promote cell proliferation,apoptosis evasion,and cell migration through temporal and spatial rearrangements in certain types of malignant cells.An understanding of the essential roles of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs may provide new pharmacologic targets that achieve a better therapeutic effect by inhibiting their actions in key intracellular signaling pathways.展开更多
目的:利用神经细胞原代培养体系研究内质网钙通道蛋白三磷酸肌醇受体2(IP3R2)的拮抗剂对小鼠少突胶质细胞增殖分化的作用。方法:分离并纯化新生小鼠大脑皮质来源的少突胶质前体细胞(OPC)。利用real time RT-PCR检测不同分化阶段少突胶...目的:利用神经细胞原代培养体系研究内质网钙通道蛋白三磷酸肌醇受体2(IP3R2)的拮抗剂对小鼠少突胶质细胞增殖分化的作用。方法:分离并纯化新生小鼠大脑皮质来源的少突胶质前体细胞(OPC)。利用real time RT-PCR检测不同分化阶段少突胶质细胞中IP3R2 mRNA的表达水平;利用细胞钙成像观察给予IP3R2拮抗剂2-氨基乙氧基二苯基硼酸盐(2-APB)对OPC的Ca^(2+)活动影响;利用免疫荧光染色法检测2-APB对OPC中Ki67、2′,3′-环核苷酸3′-磷酸二酯酶(CNPase)和髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)的表达情况以及对细胞周期的影响。结果:IP3R2 mRNA水平在未成熟少突胶质细胞阶段最高;2-APB处理OPC可显著降低细胞内Ca^(2+)浓度;Ki67标记的增殖OPC比例在2-APB处理组显著降低;且2-APB的处理可以延长OPC的细胞周期进程。在诱导分化的少突胶质细胞培养物中,2-APB处理可以使CNPase^(+)与MBP^(+)细胞数量显著增加。结论:IP3R2介导的细胞内钙库释放对于OPC的增殖与分化具有重要的调控作用,为治疗其异常相关疾病提供了重要的思路。展开更多
目的:探讨1,4,5-三磷酸肌醇1型受体(inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1,IP3R1)调控钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ,CaMKⅡ)和电压依赖性阴离子通道1(voltage-dependent anion ...目的:探讨1,4,5-三磷酸肌醇1型受体(inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1,IP3R1)调控钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶Ⅱ(calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡ,CaMKⅡ)和电压依赖性阴离子通道1(voltage-dependent anion channel 1,VDAC1)在海洛因(heroin,HE)致心肌细胞节律异常中的作用。方法:联合蛋白组学和GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus)数据库分析心律失常芯片数据,寻找关键调控因子。构建IP3R1基因敲减慢病毒并感染原代乳大鼠心肌细胞(neonatal rat cardiomyocytes,NRCMs),实验分为对照(control)组、HE组和HE+shIP3R1组。结晶紫染色观察心肌细胞形态;ELISA法检测乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)水平;透射电镜观察线粒体形态学变化;Fluo-4/AM探针法检测细胞内Ca^(2+)浓度;DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞内活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)含量;JC-1染色法检测线粒体膜电位(mitochondrial membrane potential,MMP)水平;ATP检测试剂盒检测细胞内ATP水平;免疫共沉淀(co-immunopre-cipitation,Co-IP)分析IP3R1与CaMKⅡδ和VDAC1蛋白之间的相互作用;Western blot检测IP3R1、CaMKⅡδ、p-CaM-KⅡδ(T287)和VDAC1的蛋白水平。结果:结合蛋白质组学和基因表达谱数据集GSE89410分析,筛选得到80个差异共表达分子,基于基因本体论(Gene Ontology,GO)功能注释和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析结果,最终筛选出关键因子IP3R1,且通过STRING数据库获得IP3R1结合蛋白:CaMKⅡδ和VDAC1。Co-IP结果验证IP3R1与CaMKⅡδ和VDAC1存在相互作用,且HE干预后NRCMs中IP3R1与CaMKⅡδ和VDAC1之间的相互作用增强。体外细胞实验显示,与control组相比,HE组NRCMs数量急剧减少,细胞膜变窄,伪足减少,细胞核结构模糊;LDH和AST水平均显著上升(P<0.05);线粒体超微结构损伤严重,证实HE对NRCMs具有毒性作用并导致线粒体损伤。与control组相比,HE组心肌细胞内Ca^(2+)浓度、ROS水平、MMP以及IP3R1、p-CaMKⅡδ(T287)和VDAC1蛋白水平均显著升高(P<0.05),而HE+shIP3R1组这些指标均显著减低(P<0.05);ATP水平则相反。这证实沉默IP3R1表达可减轻HE干预后NRCMs的钙超载及线粒体损伤。结论:IP3R1通过调控CaMKⅡ和VDAC1引起心肌细胞钙超载和ROS生成增多,参与HE诱导的心肌细胞节律异常。展开更多
14-3-3 proteins play an important role in the regulation of many cellular processes. The Arabidopsis vacuolar two-pore K＋ channel 1 （TPK1） interacts with the 14-3-3 protein GRF6 （GF14-λ）. Upon phosphorylation of...14-3-3 proteins play an important role in the regulation of many cellular processes. The Arabidopsis vacuolar two-pore K＋ channel 1 （TPK1） interacts with the 14-3-3 protein GRF6 （GF14-λ）. Upon phosphorylation of the putative binding motif in the N-terminus of TPK1, GRF6 binds to TPK1 and activates the potassium channel. In order to gain a deeper understanding of this 14-3-3-mediated signal transduction, we set out to identify the respective kinases, which regulate the phosphorylation status of the 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1. Here, we report that the calcium-dependent protein kinases （CDPKs） can phosphorylate and thereby activate the 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1. Focusing on the stress-activated kinase CPK3, we visualized direct and specific interaction of TPK1 with the kinase at the tonoplast in vivo. In line with its proposed role in K＋ homeostasis, TPK1 phosphorylation was found to be induced by salt stress in planta, and both cpk3 and tpkl mutants displayed salt-sensitive phenotypes. Molecular modeling of the TPK1-CPK3 interaction domain provided mechanistic insights into TPK1 stress-regulated phosphorylation responses and pinpointed two arginine residues in the N-terminal 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1 critical for kinase interaction. Taken together, our studies provide evidence for an essential role of the vacuolar potassium channel TPK1 in salt-stress adaptation as a target of calcium-regulated stress signaling pathways involving Ca2＋, Ca2＋-dependent kinases, and 14-3-3 proteins.展开更多
目的:研究内皮素-1(ET-1)诱导心肌肥大的机制及对抗的药物。方法:在培养新生大鼠心肌细胞中,采用L-型钙通道阻滞剂拉西地平(larc id ip ine)和MN9202、钙激活氯通道阻断剂尼氟灭酸(n iflum ic ac id,NFA)、蛋白激酶C(prote in k inase C...目的:研究内皮素-1(ET-1)诱导心肌肥大的机制及对抗的药物。方法:在培养新生大鼠心肌细胞中,采用L-型钙通道阻滞剂拉西地平(larc id ip ine)和MN9202、钙激活氯通道阻断剂尼氟灭酸(n iflum ic ac id,NFA)、蛋白激酶C(prote in k inase C,PKC)通路的阻断剂白屈菜季氨碱(chelerythrine,che)和ERK通路阻断剂PD98059(PD)观察内皮素-1在诱导心肌蛋白质合成中的影响。结果:对照组(DMEM)蛋白质含量为273±20μg/m l,ET-1组为312±30μg/m l,较对照组升高14%。ET-1+NFA组、ET-1+che组、ET-1+MN9202组、ET-1+larc id ip ine组、ET-1+PD98059组分别为280±10μg/m l、283±10μg/m l、285±27μg/m l、275±22μg/m l、293±33μg/m l;与ET-1组比较分别降低10%、9%、8.6%、13.1%、6.1%。结论:ET-1刺激引起的心肌细胞蛋白合成与钙激活氯通道和L-型钙通道有关,PKC和ERK通路在ET-1诱导心肌肥大的信号转导通路中起重要作用。展开更多
文摘The stromal interaction molecule(STIM)-calcium release-activated calcium channel protein(ORAI) and inositol1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP_3Rs) play pivotal roles in the modulation of Ca^(2+)-regulated pathways from gene transcription to cell apoptosis by driving calcium-dependent signaling processes.Increasing evidence has implicated the dysregulation of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.By controlling the activities,structure,and/or expression levels of these Ca^(2+)-transporting proteins,malignant cancer cells can hijack them to drive essential biological functions for tumor development.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the participation of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs in the biological behavior of cancer remain elusive.In this review,we summarize recent advances regarding STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs and discuss how they promote cell proliferation,apoptosis evasion,and cell migration through temporal and spatial rearrangements in certain types of malignant cells.An understanding of the essential roles of STIM-ORAI and IP_3Rs may provide new pharmacologic targets that achieve a better therapeutic effect by inhibiting their actions in key intracellular signaling pathways.
文摘目的:利用神经细胞原代培养体系研究内质网钙通道蛋白三磷酸肌醇受体2(IP3R2)的拮抗剂对小鼠少突胶质细胞增殖分化的作用。方法:分离并纯化新生小鼠大脑皮质来源的少突胶质前体细胞(OPC)。利用real time RT-PCR检测不同分化阶段少突胶质细胞中IP3R2 mRNA的表达水平;利用细胞钙成像观察给予IP3R2拮抗剂2-氨基乙氧基二苯基硼酸盐(2-APB)对OPC的Ca^(2+)活动影响;利用免疫荧光染色法检测2-APB对OPC中Ki67、2′,3′-环核苷酸3′-磷酸二酯酶(CNPase)和髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)的表达情况以及对细胞周期的影响。结果:IP3R2 mRNA水平在未成熟少突胶质细胞阶段最高;2-APB处理OPC可显著降低细胞内Ca^(2+)浓度;Ki67标记的增殖OPC比例在2-APB处理组显著降低;且2-APB的处理可以延长OPC的细胞周期进程。在诱导分化的少突胶质细胞培养物中,2-APB处理可以使CNPase^(+)与MBP^(+)细胞数量显著增加。结论:IP3R2介导的细胞内钙库释放对于OPC的增殖与分化具有重要的调控作用,为治疗其异常相关疾病提供了重要的思路。
基金the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) to M.T.，grants of the DFG to R.H.，T.D.M.，D.B.
文摘14-3-3 proteins play an important role in the regulation of many cellular processes. The Arabidopsis vacuolar two-pore K＋ channel 1 （TPK1） interacts with the 14-3-3 protein GRF6 （GF14-λ）. Upon phosphorylation of the putative binding motif in the N-terminus of TPK1, GRF6 binds to TPK1 and activates the potassium channel. In order to gain a deeper understanding of this 14-3-3-mediated signal transduction, we set out to identify the respective kinases, which regulate the phosphorylation status of the 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1. Here, we report that the calcium-dependent protein kinases （CDPKs） can phosphorylate and thereby activate the 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1. Focusing on the stress-activated kinase CPK3, we visualized direct and specific interaction of TPK1 with the kinase at the tonoplast in vivo. In line with its proposed role in K＋ homeostasis, TPK1 phosphorylation was found to be induced by salt stress in planta, and both cpk3 and tpkl mutants displayed salt-sensitive phenotypes. Molecular modeling of the TPK1-CPK3 interaction domain provided mechanistic insights into TPK1 stress-regulated phosphorylation responses and pinpointed two arginine residues in the N-terminal 14-3-3 binding motif in TPK1 critical for kinase interaction. Taken together, our studies provide evidence for an essential role of the vacuolar potassium channel TPK1 in salt-stress adaptation as a target of calcium-regulated stress signaling pathways involving Ca2＋, Ca2＋-dependent kinases, and 14-3-3 proteins.
文摘目的:研究内皮素-1(ET-1)诱导心肌肥大的机制及对抗的药物。方法:在培养新生大鼠心肌细胞中,采用L-型钙通道阻滞剂拉西地平(larc id ip ine)和MN9202、钙激活氯通道阻断剂尼氟灭酸(n iflum ic ac id,NFA)、蛋白激酶C(prote in k inase C,PKC)通路的阻断剂白屈菜季氨碱(chelerythrine,che)和ERK通路阻断剂PD98059(PD)观察内皮素-1在诱导心肌蛋白质合成中的影响。结果:对照组(DMEM)蛋白质含量为273±20μg/m l,ET-1组为312±30μg/m l,较对照组升高14%。ET-1+NFA组、ET-1+che组、ET-1+MN9202组、ET-1+larc id ip ine组、ET-1+PD98059组分别为280±10μg/m l、283±10μg/m l、285±27μg/m l、275±22μg/m l、293±33μg/m l;与ET-1组比较分别降低10%、9%、8.6%、13.1%、6.1%。结论:ET-1刺激引起的心肌细胞蛋白合成与钙激活氯通道和L-型钙通道有关,PKC和ERK通路在ET-1诱导心肌肥大的信号转导通路中起重要作用。
