Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm in a patient with calculous cholecystitis: A case report

BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenal artery (PDA) aneurysms are extremely rare. The complicated clinical presentations and high incidence of rupture make it difficult to diagnose and treat. PDA pseudoaneurysms often rupture into the gastrointestinal tract and result in life-threatening gastrointestinal hemorrhage. CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to right upward abdominal pain. A computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated acute cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis. Percutaneous gallbladder drainage was performed subsequently. He was discharged after 3 d and readmitted to hospital for cholecystectomy as arranged 1 mo later. A repeat CT scan revealed an emerging enhancing mass between the pancreatic head and the descending duodenum. Then, he suffered hematochezia and hemorrhagic shock suddenly. Emergency percutaneous angiogram was performed and selective catheterization of the superior mesenteric artery demonstrated a pseudoaneurysm in the inferior PDA. Coil embolization was performed and his clinical condition improved quickly after embolization and blood transfusion. He underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and was discharged from hospital after surgery under satisfactory conditions. CONCLUSION PDA pseudoaneurysms are uncommon. Acute haemorrhage is a severe complication of pseudoaneurysm with high mortality which clinicians should pay attention to.

Acute calculous cholecystitis associated with hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage in a diabetic patient

Patients with acute calculous cholecystitis are usually undertaken surgery laparoscopic cholecystectomy.However, there are controversies about the decision of operation for patients with high risk factors. Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage （PTGD） is palliative therapy to alleviate symptoms and physical signs. Since improved clinical outcome has been observed for PTGD,

Evaluating effectiveness and safety of combined percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis patients:Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Acute cholecystitis(AC)is a common disease in general surgery.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)is widely recognized as the"gold standard"surgical procedure for treating AC.For low-risk patients without complications,LC is the recommended treatment plan,but there is still controversy regarding the treatment strategy for moderate AC patients,which relies more on the surgeon's experience and the medical platform of the visiting unit.Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture drainage(PTGBD)can effectively alleviate gallbladder inflammation,reduce gallbladder wall edema and adhesion around the gallbladder,and create a"time window"for elective surgery.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of LC or PTGBD combined with LC for treating AC patients,providing a theoretical basis for choosing reasonable surgical methods for AC patients.METHODS In this study,we conducted a clinical investigation regarding the combined use of PTGBD tubes for the treatment of gastric cancer patients with AC.We performed searches in the following databases:PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Wanfang Database.The search encompassed literature published from the inception of these databases to the present.Subsequently,relevant data were extracted,and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS A comprehensive analysis was conducted,encompassing 24 studies involving a total of 2564 patients.These patients were categorized into two groups:1371 in the LC group and 1193 in the PTGBD+LC group.The outcomes of the meta-analysis revealed noteworthy disparities between the PTGBD+LC group and the LC group in multiple dimensions:(1)Operative time:Mean difference(MD)=17.51,95%CI:9.53-25.49,P<0.01;(2)Conversion to open surgery rate:Odds ratio(OR)=2.95,95%CI:1.90-4.58,P<0.01;(3)Intraoperative bleeding loss:MD=32.27,95%CI:23.03-41.50,P<0.01;(4)Postoperative hospital stay:MD=1.44,95%CI:0.14-2.73,P=0.03;(5)Overall postoperative compli-cation rate:OR=1.88,95%CI:1.45-2.43,P<0.01;(6)Bile duct injury:OR=2.17,95%CI:1.30-3.64,P=0.003;(7)Intra-abdominal hemorrhage:OR=2.45,95%CI:1.06-5.64,P=0.004;and(8)Wound infection:OR=0.These find-ings consistently favored the PTGBD+LC group over the LC group.There were no significant differences in the total duration of hospitalization[MD=-1.85,95%CI:-4.86-1.16,P=0.23]or bile leakage[OR=1.33,95%CI:0.81-2.18,P=0.26]between the two groups.CONCLUSION The combination of PTGBD tubes with LC for AC treatment demonstrated superior clinical efficacy and enhanced safety,suggesting its broader application value in clinical practice.

Effect of surgical timing on postoperative outcomes in patients with acute cholecystitis after delayed percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage

BACKGROUND To date,the optimal timing for percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PTGBD),particularly for patients who have missed the optimal window for emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)(within 72 hours of symptom onset)has not been determined.AIM To study the effects of LC timing on outcomes of grade II/III acute cholecystitis(AC)in patients with delayed PTGBD.METHODS Data of patients diagnosed with Tokyo Guidelines 2018 grade II or III AC who underwent delayed PTGBD followed by LC at a single hospital between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively studied.According to the interval between gallbladder drainage and cholecystectomy,the patients were divided into early and delayed LC groups.Outcomes including surgery time,postoperative complications and hospital stay,and patient satisfaction were analyzed and compared between the two groups using t-andχ^(2) tests.RESULTS There were no significant differences between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss,postoperative abdominal drainage tube placement time,pain index,or total disease duration(all P>0.05).Compared with those of the early LC group,the delayed group showed significant decreases in the length of procedure(surgery time),conversion rate to open surgery,degree of adhesions,surgical complications,postoperative hospital stay,and total treatment costs,and increased patient satisfaction despite a longer interval before PTGBD(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION For patients with grade II/III AC with delayed PTGBD,LC should be performed 2 weeks after PTGBD to decrease postoperative complications and hospital stays and improve patient satisfaction.

Single-incision vs three-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy for complicated and uncomplicated acute cholecystitis

AIM:To compare the clinical outcome of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy(SILC)and three-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy(3ILC)for acute cholecystitis.METHODS:From July 2009 to September 2012,136patients underwent SILC or 3ILC for acute cholecystitis at a tertiary referral hospital.One experienced surgeon performed every procedure using 5 or 10 mm 30-degree laparoscopes,straight instruments,and conventional ports.Five patients with perforated gallbladder and diffuse peritonitis and 23 patients with mild acute cholecystitis were excluded.The remaining 108 patients were divided into complicated and uncomplicated groups according to pathologic findings.Patient demography,clinical data,operative results and complications were recorded and analyzed.RESULTS:Fifty patients with gangrenous cholecystitis,gallbladder empyema,or hydrops were classified as the complicated group,and 58 patients with acute cholecystitis were classified as the uncomplicated group.Twenty-three(46.0%)of the patients in the complicated group(n=50)and 39(67.2%)of the patients in the uncomplicated group(n=58)underwent SILC;all others underwent 3ILC.The postoperative length of hospital stay(PLOS)was significantly shorter in the SILC subgroups than the 3ILC subgroups(3.5±1.1 d vs 4.6±1.3 d,P<0.01 in the complicated group;2.9±1.1 d vs 3.7±1.4 d,P<0.05 in the uncomplicated group).The maximum body temperature recorded at day 1 and at day 2 following the procedure was lower in the SILC subgroups,but the difference reached statistical significance only in the uncomplicated group(37.41±0.56℃vs 37.80±0.72℃,P<0.05 on postoperative day 1;37.10±0.43℃vs 37.57±0.54℃,P<0.01 on postoperative day 2).The operative time,estimated blood loss,postoperative narcotic use,total length of hospital stay,conversion rates,and complication rates were similar in both SILC and 3ILC subgroups.The complicated group had longer operative time(122.2±35.0 min vs 106.6±43.6 min,P<0.05),longer PLOS(4.1±1.3 d vs 3.2±1.2 d,P<0.001),and higher conversion rates(36.0%vs 19.0%,P<0.05)compared with the uncomplicated group.CONCLUSION:SILC is safe and efficacious for patients with acute cholecystitis.The main benefit is a faster recovery than that achieved with 3ILC.

Role of laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy in the treatment of complicated cholecystitis

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the 'gold standard' in treating benign gallbladder diseases. Increasing laparoscopic experience and techniques have made laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) a feasible option in more complex procedures. In recent years, few studies with a few cases of LSC have reported good results in patients with various types of cholecystitis. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility, indications, characteristics and benefits of LSC in patients with complicated cholecystitis. METHODS: Altogether, 3485 patients were scheduled to receive LC during the past 4 years at our institute. Among them, 168 patients with various complicated forms of cholecystitis were treated by LSC. Meanwhile, the other 3317 patients who received standard LC were enrolled as the control group. Perioperative data from the two groups were collected and retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: In the LSC group, 135 patients suffered from acute calculic cholecystitis, 18 from chronic calculic cholecystitis with cirrhotic portal hypertention, and 15 from chronic calculic atrophy cholecystitis with severe fibrosis. These patients constituted 4.8% of the total patients who underwent LC (168/3485) in the same period at our institute. In 122 patients, the cystic duct and artery were clipped before division. In another 46 patients, the gallbladder was initially incised at Hartmann's pouch. Five patients (3.0%) were converted to open subtotal cholecystectomy. The median operation time for LSC was 65.5±15.2 minutes, estimated operative blood loss was 71.5±15.5 ml, and the time to resume diet was 20.4±6.3 hours. Thirteen patients (7.7%) had local complications. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.2±2.6 days. In the LC group, 2887 had chronic calculic cholecystitis, 312had acute calculic cholecystitis, 47 had chronic calculic atrophy cholecystitis, and 71 had polypus. Seventeen patients (0.5%) were converted to open cholecystectomy. The median operation time was 32.6±10.2 minutes, the estimated operative blood loss was 24.5±8.5 ml, and the time to resume diet was 18.3±4.5 hours. Thirty- nine patients (1.2%) had local complications. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.8±1.4 days. There was no bile duct injury or mortality in either group. CONCLUSIONS: LSC for patients with complicated cholecystitis is difficult, with a longer operation time, more operative blood loss and higher conversion and complication rates than LC. However, it is feasible and relatively safe. LSC is advantageous over open surgery, but it remains a non-routine choice. It is important to know the technical characteristics of LSC, and pay attention to perioperative bleeding and bile leak.

Feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

AIM: To assess the safety of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy(SILC) for acute cholecystitis.METHODS: All patients who underwent SILC at Sano Hospital(Kobe, Japan) between January 2010 and December 2014 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical data related to patient characteristics and surgical outcomes were collected from medical records. The parameters for assessing the safety of the procedure included operative time, volume of blood loss, achievement of the critical view of safety, use of additional trocars, conversion to laparotomy, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and duration of postoperative hospital stay. Patient backgrounds were statistically compared between those with and without conversion to laparotomy.RESULTS: A total of 100 patients underwent SILC for acute cholecystitis during the period. Preoperative endoscopic treatment was performed for suspected choledocholithiasis in 41 patients(41%). The mean time from onset of acute cholecystitis was 7.7 d. According to the Updated Tokyo Guidelines(TG13) for the severity of cholecystitis, 86 and 14 patients had grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅱ acute cholecystitis, respectively. The mean operative time was 87.4 min. The mean estimated blood loss was 80.6 mL. The critical view of safety was obtained in 89 patients(89%). Conversion laparotomy was performed in 12 patients(12%). Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅲ or greater were observed in 4 patients(4%). The mean duration of postoperative hospital stay was 5.7 d. Patients converted from SILC to laparotomy tended to have higher days after onset.CONCLUSION: SILC is feasible for acute cholecystitis; in addition, early surgical intervention may reduce the risk of laparotomy conversion.

Single-port versus multi-port cholecystectomy for patients with acute cholecystitis: a retrospective comparative analysis

BACKGROUND: Trans-umbilical single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy for chronic gallbladder disease is becoming increasingly accepted worldwide. But so far, no reports exist about the challenging single-port surgery for acute cholecystitis. The objective of this study was to describe our experience with single-port cholecystectomy in comparison to the conventional laparoscopic technique. METHODS: Between August 2008 and March 2010, 73 patients with symptomatic gallbladder disease and histopathological signs of acute cholecystitis underwent laparoscopic cholecystec- tomy at our institution. Thirty-six patients were operated on with the single-port technique (SP group) and the data were compared with a control group of 37 patients who were treated with the multi-port technique (MP group). RESULTS: The mean age in the SP group was 61.5 (range 21-81) years and in the MP group was 60 (range 21-94) (P=0.712). Gender, ASA status and BMI were not significantly different. The number of white blood cells was different before [SP: 9.2 (range 2.8-78.4); MP: 13.2 (range 4.4-28.6); P=0.001] and after the operation [SP: 7.8 (range 3.5-184.8); MP: 11.1 (range 5-20.8); P=0.002]. Mean operating time was 88 (range 34-174) minutes in the SP group vs 94 (range 39-209) minutes in the MP group (P=0.147). Four patients (5%) required conversion to an open procedure (SP: 1; MP: 3; P=0.320). During the follow- up period of 332 (range 29-570) days in the SP group and 428 (range 111-619) days in the MP group (P=0.044), eleven (15%) patients developed postoperative complications (P=0.745) and two patients in the SP group required reoperation (P=0.154). CONCLUSIONS: Trans-umbilical single-port cholecystectomy for beginning acute cholecystitis is feasible and the complicationrate is comparable with the standard multi-port operation. In spite of our good results, these operations are difficult to perform and should only be done in high-volume centers for laparoscopic surgery with experience in single-port surgery.

Factors associated with time to laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

AIM: To determine patient and process of care factors associated with performance of timely laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. METHODS: A retrospective medical record review of 88 consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis was conducted. Data collected included demographic data, co-morbidities, symptoms and physical findings at presentation, laboratory and radiological investigations, length of stay, complications, and admission service (medical or surgical). Patients not undergoing cholecystectomy during this hospitalization were excluded from analysis. Hierarchical generalized linear models were constructed to assess the association of pre-operative diagnostic procedures, presenting signs, and admitting service with time to surgery.RESULTS: Seventy cases met inclusion and exclusion criteria, among which 12 were admitted to the medical service and 58 to the surgical service. Mean ± SD time to surgery was 39.3 ± 43 h, with 87% of operations performed within 72 h of hospital arrival. In the adjusted models, longer time to surgery was associated with number of diagnostic studies and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP, P = 0.01) as well with admission to medical service without adjustment for ERCP (P < 0.05). Patients undergoing both magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and computed tomography (CT) scans experienced the longest waits for surgery. Patients admitted to the surgical versus medical service underwent surgery earlier (30.4 ± 34.9 vs 82.7 ± 55.1 h, P < 0.01), had less post-operative complications (12% vs 58%, P < 0.01), and shorter length of stay (4.3 ± 3.4 vs 8.1 ± 5.2 d, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Admission to the medical service and performance of numerous diagnostic procedures, ERCP, or MRCP combined with CT scan were associated with longer time to surgery. Expeditious performance of ERCP and MRCP and admission of medically stable patients with suspected cholecystitis to the surgical service to speed up time to surgery should be considered.

Timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: A prospective non randomized study

AIM： To study the timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients with acute cholecystitis. METHODS： Between January 2002 and December 2005, all American Society of Anesthesiologists classification （ASA） Ⅰ ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients with acute cholecystitis were treated laparoscopically during the urgent （index） admission. The patients were divided into three groups according to the timing of surgery： （1） within the first 3 d, （2） between 4 and 7 d and （3） beyond 7 d from the onset of symptoms. The impact of timing on the conversion rate, morbidity and postoperative hospital stay was studied. RESULTS： One hundred and twenty-nine patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis during the index admission. Thirty six were assigned to group 1, 58 to group 2, and 35 to group 3. The conversion rate and morbidity for the whole cohort of patients were 4.6% and 10.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the conversion rate, morbidity and postoperative hospital stay between the three groups.CONCLUSION： Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis during the index admission is safe, regardless of the time elapsed from the onset of symptoms. This policy can result in an overall shorter hospitalization.

Early Versus Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis with Mild Pancreatitis

The safety and feasibility of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)for acute cholecystitis with mild pancreatitis were explored.A total of 973 patients with acute pancreatitis,including 651 mild cases and 322 moderate or severe cases were retrospectively studied from July 2014 to December 2018 in our department.And 426 mild pancreatitis cases with acute cholecystitis were enrolled in this study,of which 328 patients underwent LC during the same-admission(early LC group),and 98 patients underwent LC a period of time after conservative treatment(delayed LC group).Clinical characteristics,operative findings and complications were recorded and followed up.The two groups were comparable in age,gender,the grade of American Society of Anesthesiologist(ASA),biochemical findings and Balthazar computer tomography(CT)rating(P>0.05).The operation interval and hospital stay in early LC group were significantly shorter than in delayed LC group(5.83+1.62 vs.41.3618.44 days;11.38+2.43 vs.16.49+3.48 days,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the average operation time between the two groups.No preoperative biliary related events recurred in early LC group but there were 21 cases of preoperative biliary related events in delayed LC group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in conversion rate(3.85 vs.5.10%,P=0.41)and surgical complication rate(3.95 vs.4.08%,P-0.95)between early LC group and delayed LC group.During the postoperative follow-up period of 375 cases,biliary related events recurred in 4 cases in early LC group and 3 cases in delayed LC group(P=0.37).The effect of early LC during the same-admission is better than delayed LC for acute cholecystitis with mild pancreatitis.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gangrenous cholecystitis in around nineties: Two case reports

BACKGROUND Gangrenous cholecystitis is a form of acute cholecystitis which involves gangrenous alterations in the gallbladder wall and it often follows an acute and serious course.We herein report on two cases of very elderly people diagnosed early with gangrenous cholecystitis,who safely underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)and both demonstrated a good outcome.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:An 89-year-old female.She underwent abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CECT)due to abdominal pain and diarrhea.Her gallbladder wall indicated the absence of contrast enhancement,thus leading to diagnosis of gangrenous cholecystitis and she therefore underwent LC.Although her gallbladder demonstrated diffuse necrosis and it was also partly perforated,she was able to be discharged without any serious complications.Case 2:A 91-year-old female.She made an emergency visit with a chief complaint of abdominal pain.Abdominal CECT revealed swelling of the gallbladder and an ambiguous continuity of the gallbladder wall.She was diagnosed with gangrenous cholecystitis and underwent LC.Her gallbladder had swelling and diffuse necrosis.Although her preoperative blood culture was positive,she showed a good outcome following surgery.CONCLUSION Although a definite diagnosis of gangrenous cholecystitis is difficult to make prior to surgery,if an early diagnosis can be made and appropriate treatment can be carried out,then even very elderly individuals may be discharged without major complications.

LAPAROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS

Objctive: To assess the current treatment of AC in a single institution in the series, which the best treatment modality for acute cholecystitis (AC) is still under debate, whereas early cholecystectomy is accepted as the optimal timing for surgery.Methods: From December 1996 to December 2001, 138 (102 women and 36 men) patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis confirmed by histopathological examination. The patients ranged in age from 21 to 85 years of age ( mean age: 45 3 years). Patients were divided into 2 groups (similar in age and ASA classification): group 1 (98 patients) underwent LC within 3 days after the onset of symptoms of acute cholecystitis and group 2 (40 patients) underwent LC after 3 days. Results: Approximately one half of the cases were uncomplicated, 26% were empyema, 13% had gangrenous changes and 7% had hydrops of the gallbladder. Conversion to open cholecystectomy was required in 21 (15 2%) cases. The principal reason for conversion was anatomic uncertainty (14 cases), uncontrolled bleeding (7 cases). The conversion rates in patients who underwent surgery before and after the onset of symptoms were respectively 6∶15. There was no significant difference in operative time (122 0 min in 1 group versus 124 0 min in 2 group) and postoperative stay ( 5 1 days in group 1 vs 6 8 days in group 2). The hepatorenal space was drained in 78 (56 5 %), and the drain is removed in 3rd postoperative days. Twenty six patients (18 8%) had undergone previous abdominal surgery. Thirty seven patients (26 8%) had spillage of bile and/or stones during the procedure. There were no deaths and major complications. Conclusions: LC for acute cholecystitis should be done immediately after the diagnosis is established because delaying surgery allows inflammation to become more intense, thus increasing the technical difficulty of LC. Intraoperative spillage of bile and stones does not lead to an increase in early complications. LC is safe and effective for acute cholecystitis even when complicated previous surgery, inflammatory adhesions and gangrene. LC has significantly fewer operative complications and provides shorter hospital stay which are medical and economic benefits. LC is safe and effective for acute cholecystitis.

Timing and Clinical Efficacy of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis at Different Stages

Objective:To investigate timing and clinical efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis at different stages.Methods:Clinical data of 100 acute cholecystitis patients admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Clinical data of 48 patients who had surgery within 72 hours of symptom onset were classified as group A,and clinical data of 52 patients who had surgery at≥72 hours of symptom onset were classified as group B.Clinical indicators,rate of conversion to open surgery,and complication were compared between the two groups.Results:Length of hospital stay,operation time,exhaust time and intraoperative blood loss in group A were lower than those in group B,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Comparison of rate of conversion to open surgery between group A(2.08%,1/48)and group B(7.69%,4/52)showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Incidence of postoperative complication was 8.33%(4/48)in group A and 11.54%(6/52)in group B,the difference was not statistically significance(P>0.05).Conclusions:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 72 hours of symptom onset has better efficacy than after 72 hours for patients with acute cholecystitis.It could effectively reduce surgical trauma and promote recovery.

Laparoscopic Surgery and Modified Xiaoyan Lidan Decoction:An Effective Combination for Treating Cholecystitis with Cholelithiasis

Objective:To assess the clinical effects of combining laparoscopic surgery with Modified Xiaoyan Lidan Decoction in patients diagnosed with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.Methods:Following the guidelines of the double-blind method,86 cases of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis were randomly divided into two groups,each comprising 43 cases.Both groups underwent laparoscopic surgery,with the observation group additionally receiving Modified Xiaoyan Lidan Decoction.A comparative analysis was conducted on clinical treatment effectiveness,general observation indicators,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,and the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Results:The observation group demonstrated a significantly higher overall clinical treatment effectiveness compared to the control group(P<0.05).The clinical symptom improvement time and hospitalization time were shorter in the observation group,and the pain score and TCM syndrome score after treatment were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was observed in the total reaction values(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combined application of laparoscopic surgery and Modified Xiaoyan Lidan Decoction can enhance clinical treatment efficiency for patients with cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.It facilitates a quicker improvement in clinical symptoms without causing serious adverse reactions,suggesting its potential for widespread adoption.

肝硬化合并急性胆囊炎患者手术风险评估

目的探讨不同胆囊炎严重程度分级和不同终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分的肝硬化合并急性胆囊炎(AC)患者手术风险。方法2021年2月~2022年12月我院诊治的92例肝硬化合并AC患者,均行腹腔镜下胆囊切除手术(LC)治疗。术前采用《东京指南(2018年)》评估胆囊炎严重程度,其中Ⅰ级55例,Ⅱ级/Ⅲ级37例。常规计算MELD评分,其中低危组64例,中高危组28例。应用Logistic回归分析影响手术风险的因素。结果各组中转开腹率比较,差异无显著性统计学意义(P>0.05);Ⅱ级/Ⅲ级患者手术时间为(88.8±11.8)min,显著长于Ⅰ级患者【(77.1±10.4)min,P<0.05】,术中出血量和腹腔引流量分别为(91.4±18.7)mL和(339.7±40.7)mL,显著大于Ⅰ级患者【分别为(79.5±12.2)mL和(285.9±36.4)mL,P<0.05】,而低危与中高危MELD评分患者手术指标比较,无显著性差异(P>0.05);Ⅱ级/Ⅲ级患者术后感染、出血和胆漏等并发症发生率为27.0%,显著高于Ⅰ级患者的7.3%(P<0.05),中高危MELD患者术后并发症发生率为28.6%,显著高于低危患者的9.4%(P<0.05);以中转开腹以及术后发生并发症为手术风险组(n=18),结果风险组胆囊炎Ⅱ级/Ⅲ级和MELD评分为中高危比例分别为61.1%和55.6%,显著高于非风险组的35.1%和24.3%(P<0.05);Logistic多因素回归分析显示胆囊炎Ⅱ级/Ⅲ级和MELD评分为中高危是肝硬化合并AC患者LC手术高风险的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论术前评估胆囊炎严重程度分级和MELD评分可以帮助临床医生评估LC手术治疗肝硬化合并AC患者的风险而给予应有的重视和处理。

经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术序贯治疗急性胆囊炎最佳手术时机的临床研究

目的探讨经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流(PTGBD)联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)序贯治疗急性胆囊炎的最佳手术时机。方法选取2021年6月至2022年6月于九江市第一人民医院接受PTGBD联合LC序贯治疗的66例急性胆囊炎患者作为研究对象,根据手术时间不同分为对照组与观察组,每组33例。对照组于发病后1周内行PTGBD,观察组于发病1周后行PTGBD,两组均择期行LC序贯治疗。比较两组围手术期指标、治疗前后肝功能指标、炎症因子指标及术后并发症和中转开腹发生率。结果两组住院费用比较差异无统计学意义;观察组术中出血量少于对照组,手术时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT、)、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(γ-GT)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症及中转开腹发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论发病1周后行PTGBD联合LC序贯治疗急性胆囊炎,可有效改善患者肝功能,快速降低机体炎症因子水平,且可减少中转开腹及术后并发症的发生,手术风险更低,有助于促进患者术后尽快恢复,值得临床应用推广。

PTGBD治疗TG18中重度急性胆囊炎123例临床疗效分析

目的探讨经皮经肝胆囊穿刺置管外引流术(PTCBD)治疗东京指南2018(TC18)中重度急性胆囊炎临床疗效分析。方法回顾性分析我院2021年6月至2023年5月我科诊治的123例TG18中重度急性胆囊炎行PTCBD治疗患者的资料,分析其安全性、有效性,择期手术的中转开腹率。结果123例患者均一次性行PTCBD治疗成功,住院期间无PTGBD相关的并发症或死亡,术后24小时内症状基本缓解,123例患者中有99例择期行手术治疗,中转开腹2例,中转开腹率2.02%。结论对于中重度急性胆囊炎患者行PTCBD治疗安全有效,提高手术的安全性及微创率。

量化评估策略在急性结石性胆囊炎患者手术室护理中的应用

目的探讨量化评估策略(MBC)在急性结石性胆囊炎(ACC)患者手术室护理中的应用效果。方法选取2021年7月至2022年7月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的120例ACC患者,根据建档顺序分组。所有患者均行腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗,对照组60例接受常规手术室护理,在对照组基础上观察组60例接受基于MBC的手术室护理。观察两组术后康复进程,术前10 min、术中麻醉后5 min、术后10 min躯体应激[心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)],术前10 min、术后10 min症状自评量表(SCL-90)评分及并发症情况。结果观察组首次排气时间、首次下床时间、进食时间、住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05);术前10 min、术中麻醉后5 min、术后10 min观察组DBP、SBP、HR指标低于对照组(P<0.05);术前10 min、术后10 min观察组SCL-90评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组并发症总发生率(5.00%)低于对照组(18.33%)(P<0.05)。结论MBC在ACC患者手术室护理中,能降低术后并发症发生率,减轻患者身心应激反应,有利于加速患者康复进程。

经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性重症胆囊炎的临床疗效分析

目的探讨急性重症胆囊炎患者给予经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流+腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床有效性。方法随机选取2020年2月—2023年12月安徽省池州市人民医院收治的90例急性重症胆囊炎患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组给予腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗,观察组联合经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流治疗。分析两组患者的手术情况、炎症反应、并发症发生率。结果观察组的手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间、术中出血量优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组术后C反应蛋白为(58.13±15.65)mg/L、降钙素原为(1.77±0.35)ng/mL,低于对照组的(79.98±21.35)mg/L、(2.23±0.42)ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=5.537、5.644,P均<0.05);观察组的并发症发生率(胆总管损伤、胆瘘、感染、胆管损伤)为2.22%,低于对照组的22.22%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.389,P<0.05)。结论采用经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术可改善临床症状,降低并发症、手术情况佳。