The controlled volume method of operation is especially suitable for large-scale water delivery canal system with complex operation requirements. An operating simulation model based on the storage volume control metho...The controlled volume method of operation is especially suitable for large-scale water delivery canal system with complex operation requirements. An operating simulation model based on the storage volume control method for multi-reach canal system in series was established. In allusion to the deficiency of existing controlled volume algorithm, the improved controlled volume algorithm of the whole canal pools was proposed, and the simulation results indicated that the storage volume and water level of each canal pool could be accurately controlled after the improved algorithm had been adopted. However, for some typical discharge demand operating conditions, if the previously mentioned algorithm was adopted, then it certainly would cause some unnecessary gate adjustments, and consequently the disturbed canal pools would be increased. Therefore, the idea of controlled volume operation method of continuous canal pools was proposed, and corresponding algorithm was designed. Through simulating practical project, the results indicated that the new controlled volume algorithm proposed for typical operating conditions could comparatively and obviously reduce the number of regulated check gates and disturb canal pools for some typical discharge demand operating conditions, thus the control efficiency of canal system could be improved.展开更多
The flowability of a root canal sealer is clinically important because it improves the penetration of the sealer into the complex root canal system. The purpose of this study was to compare the flowabilities of four r...The flowability of a root canal sealer is clinically important because it improves the penetration of the sealer into the complex root canal system. The purpose of this study was to compare the flowabilities of four root canal sealers, measured using the simple press method （ISO 6876）, and their viscosities, measured using a strain-controlled rheometer. A newly developed, calcium phosphate-based root canal sealer （Capseal） and three commercial root canal sealers （AH Plus, Sealapex and Pulp Canal Sealer EWT） were used in this study. The flowabilities of the four root canal sealers were measured using the simple press method （n= 5） and their viscosities were measured using a strain-controlled rheometer （n=5）. The correlation between these two values was statistically analysed using Spearman＇s correlation test. The flow diameters and the viscosities of the root canal sealers were strongly negatively correlated （p= -0.8618）. The viscosity of Pulp Canal Sealer EWT was the lowest and increased in the following order： AH Plus〈Sealapex〈Capseal （P〈0.05）. All of the tested root canal sealers showed characteristic time- and temperature-dependent changes in their rheological properties. The viscosities measured using the strain-controlled rheometer were more precise than the flowabilities measured using the simple press method, suggesting that the rheometer can accurately measure the rheological properties of root canal sealers.展开更多
An operating simulation mode for multireach canal system in series under gate regulating is established. The discharge feedforward plus water lever feedback PID controller was adopted. And the performance indicators a...An operating simulation mode for multireach canal system in series under gate regulating is established. The discharge feedforward plus water lever feedback PID controller was adopted. And the performance indicators are introduced to evaluate the control effects of canal operation. Influence on dynamic response process and dynamic performance as well as the control actions of canal system are studied according to the variation of the gate deadband and water level deadband. The results showed that the larger the gate deadband, the worse, the control effect of canal system over water level, and so done the stable process of gate discharge, yet the stable process of gate opening was getting better, while the upstream gate regulation of each canal pool was less at the time when canal stabilizes; the closer to downstream end of canal, the lager steady-state error of this canal pool was, and the lager influence of gate deadband on the steady-state error as well as response time of this canal pool was; the canal system can not acquire superiority in both the control performance and control actions when only the water level deadband was established.展开更多
基金Supported by the Governmental Public Industry Research Special Funds for Projects of MWR (200901002,200901003,200901006)Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program During the 11th Five-year Plan Period of China (2006BAB04A12)
文摘The controlled volume method of operation is especially suitable for large-scale water delivery canal system with complex operation requirements. An operating simulation model based on the storage volume control method for multi-reach canal system in series was established. In allusion to the deficiency of existing controlled volume algorithm, the improved controlled volume algorithm of the whole canal pools was proposed, and the simulation results indicated that the storage volume and water level of each canal pool could be accurately controlled after the improved algorithm had been adopted. However, for some typical discharge demand operating conditions, if the previously mentioned algorithm was adopted, then it certainly would cause some unnecessary gate adjustments, and consequently the disturbed canal pools would be increased. Therefore, the idea of controlled volume operation method of continuous canal pools was proposed, and corresponding algorithm was designed. Through simulating practical project, the results indicated that the new controlled volume algorithm proposed for typical operating conditions could comparatively and obviously reduce the number of regulated check gates and disturb canal pools for some typical discharge demand operating conditions, thus the control efficiency of canal system could be improved.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (2011-0014231)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2009-0086835)+1 种基金supported by a grant from the Kyung Hee University in 2013 (KHU-20131045)supported by Grant No. 04-2009-0032 from the SNUDH Research Fund
文摘The flowability of a root canal sealer is clinically important because it improves the penetration of the sealer into the complex root canal system. The purpose of this study was to compare the flowabilities of four root canal sealers, measured using the simple press method （ISO 6876）, and their viscosities, measured using a strain-controlled rheometer. A newly developed, calcium phosphate-based root canal sealer （Capseal） and three commercial root canal sealers （AH Plus, Sealapex and Pulp Canal Sealer EWT） were used in this study. The flowabilities of the four root canal sealers were measured using the simple press method （n= 5） and their viscosities were measured using a strain-controlled rheometer （n=5）. The correlation between these two values was statistically analysed using Spearman＇s correlation test. The flow diameters and the viscosities of the root canal sealers were strongly negatively correlated （p= -0.8618）. The viscosity of Pulp Canal Sealer EWT was the lowest and increased in the following order： AH Plus〈Sealapex〈Capseal （P〈0.05）. All of the tested root canal sealers showed characteristic time- and temperature-dependent changes in their rheological properties. The viscosities measured using the strain-controlled rheometer were more precise than the flowabilities measured using the simple press method, suggesting that the rheometer can accurately measure the rheological properties of root canal sealers.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (59879016)The Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period of China (2006BAB04A12)
文摘An operating simulation mode for multireach canal system in series under gate regulating is established. The discharge feedforward plus water lever feedback PID controller was adopted. And the performance indicators are introduced to evaluate the control effects of canal operation. Influence on dynamic response process and dynamic performance as well as the control actions of canal system are studied according to the variation of the gate deadband and water level deadband. The results showed that the larger the gate deadband, the worse, the control effect of canal system over water level, and so done the stable process of gate discharge, yet the stable process of gate opening was getting better, while the upstream gate regulation of each canal pool was less at the time when canal stabilizes; the closer to downstream end of canal, the lager steady-state error of this canal pool was, and the lager influence of gate deadband on the steady-state error as well as response time of this canal pool was; the canal system can not acquire superiority in both the control performance and control actions when only the water level deadband was established.
文摘目的 探讨收肌管阻滞(ACB)联合静脉自控镇痛(PCIA)对行全膝关节置换术患者术后抑郁状态的影响。方法选择行全膝关节置换术的患者随机分为ACB联合PCIA组(A组)40例和PCIA组(B组)40例。B组术后给予PCIA镇痛方法,A组在B组基础上术前联合ACB镇痛。记录术后2 h(T_(1))、6 h(T_(2))、12 h(T_(3))、24 h(T_(4))、72 h(T_(5))静息和运动VAS评分,术后补救镇痛药物使用情况,恶心呕吐发生情况,术前、术后1 d、术后3 d医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)评分。结果A组患者T1~T4时静息和运动VAS评分明显低于B组(P<0.05);A组患者术后补救镇痛药物使用量明显减少(P<0.05),恶心呕吐发生率明显降低(P<0.05);A组患者术后1 d HADS评分及术后出现显著的抑郁症状(HADS-D≥8)的患者比例明显低于B组(P<0.05);术后1 d HADS评分与T1~T4时静息和运动VAS评分呈明显正相关(P<0.05);术后3 d HADS评分与T_(1)~T_(3)时静息和运动VAS评分呈明显正相关(P<0.05)。结论ACB联合PCIA相比单纯PCIA在全膝关节置换术后镇痛效果更加显著,并可减少术后抑郁的发生,促进患者快速康复。
