The main canal of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer totals more than 1 240 km in length. In Henan Province and Hebei Province, there will be a section of more than 120 km passing through an exp...The main canal of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer totals more than 1 240 km in length. In Henan Province and Hebei Province, there will be a section of more than 120 km passing through an expansive soils area. Expansive soils is a special kind of tenacious clay, which swells when meeting with water and shrinks when losing water. With complicated mechanical properties, it changes with the variation of water content. As a result, expansive soils become the key object of study on unsaturated soils mechanics for the project. From the status of study on unsaturated soils at home and abroad, this paper covers an analysis on stability analysis method of expansive soils slope, determination of expansive soils strength, rational design of canal slope ratio and support, and forecast of landslide for the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer.展开更多
Most of the developed countries have used their tunnels as protective structures （public nuclear shelters） in case of nuclear emergencies to protect their citizens from the dangerous effects of nuclear weapons. The ...Most of the developed countries have used their tunnels as protective structures （public nuclear shelters） in case of nuclear emergencies to protect their citizens from the dangerous effects of nuclear weapons. The research aims to explain how to use tunnels to protect some people from neutrons and gamma rays and account the required safe depth. The computer code （MCNP5） is used at this model for such tunnel to account attenuation of both neutrons and gamma rays passing through the canal water, sand, soil and reinforced concrete wall layers. The last one （thickness 105 cm） constructed the tunnel construction. Also, the computer code is used to account the dose inside the tunnel, and account （neutron） dose, （neutron, gamma） dose, prompt （gamma） dose, total （gamma） dose and total （neutron ＋ gamma） dose estimated by μsv/h, at different depths from the water surface level （depths 200 cm, 500 cm, 1,000 cm, 1,600 cm, 2,200 cm, 2,600 cm, 2,800 cm, 3,400 cm, 3,700 cm, 4,000 cm and 4,600 cm）. Then, account these doses for three bombs （its intensity 20 KT, 100 KT and 1,000 KT）.展开更多
The main aim of this research is to evaluate the water quality of King Abdullah Canal (KAC) using the water quality index method (WQI). For this purpose, nine different sampling sites were used in the calculation of W...The main aim of this research is to evaluate the water quality of King Abdullah Canal (KAC) using the water quality index method (WQI). For this purpose, nine different sampling sites were used in the calculation of WQI during the period of January to December 2012. The samples were analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, ions of Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Fluorite, Chloride, Sulfate, Bicarbonate, and Nitrate in different seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn). The analyzed results (by WQI method) have been used to suggest models for predicting water quality. The relative weight assigned to each parameter has a range from 1 to 5, based on the important parameters for drinking purposes. The computed WQI for the nine samples has a range from 46.66 to 542.08. The analysis reveals that the water quality status of the study area is varying from excellent to good in the upper part of the canal and from poor to very poor in the lower part of the canal. Comparing with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Jordan Standard (JS), the results indicate that the lower part of the canal is polluted. Therefore, the water is not safe for domestic use and needs further treatment, especially in the lower part of the canal.展开更多
Pakistan livelihood depends on agriculture and so for this on irrigation system. The irrigation system in Sindh province depends on three barrages. The canals off taking from these three barrages irrigate 5.5 million ...Pakistan livelihood depends on agriculture and so for this on irrigation system. The irrigation system in Sindh province depends on three barrages. The canals off taking from these three barrages irrigate 5.5 million hectares of agriculture land. Sukkur Barrage, which is the oldest one, irrigates more than 2.0 million hectares of land. The Dadu Canal off taking from Sukkur barrage is an earthen canal. A huge amount of irrigation water is lost from the canal in the form of seepage from banks and bed. It is estimated that 40 to 50 per cent of water is lost between the canal head works to the farm-gate. The seepage from the canal creates twin problems of salinity and water logging consequently a large agriculture land has gone out of use, and this process is continued particularly in Sindh. Lining of Canals is considered an effective solution to this problem. But lining of canals in Sindh is a great issue as canals will need to be closed long enough to deprive the farmers at least one crop season and the farmers are unable to pay this price for canal. Therefore, in this study, the Dadu Canal is proposed to be redesigned as an adjacent lined canal which involves design of cross section for various lining options at locations where changes in the hydraulic conditions occur at cross regulators and fall structures. The proposed lining is preferred to be plain cement concrete lining which is selected after investigating local conditions. Quantity and cost estimation at selected RDs (Reduced Distance) proved feasible and significant in long term functioning of Dadu Canal.展开更多
Water leisure tourism is an emerging theme in urban planning, and its planning mode and operation level directly influence the eco-cycle degree of urban development. Tourism activities inevitably impact environmental ...Water leisure tourism is an emerging theme in urban planning, and its planning mode and operation level directly influence the eco-cycle degree of urban development. Tourism activities inevitably impact environmental quality of urban water spaces, and the research on the environmental carrying capacity of such spaces has also become an important prerequisite of tourism planning. Taking the Yangzhou Ancient Canal Scenic Area for an example, the paper constructed the estimated indicators of water leisure tourism environmental carrying capacity on the basis of analyzing scenic geographical resources and tourism economic conditions, and calculated the scenic area's water leisure tourism environmental integrated carrying capacity by the method of barrel extrapolation, providing a reasonable foundation for evaluating the planning conditions in the eco-cycle urban water leisure tourism planning.展开更多
文摘The main canal of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer totals more than 1 240 km in length. In Henan Province and Hebei Province, there will be a section of more than 120 km passing through an expansive soils area. Expansive soils is a special kind of tenacious clay, which swells when meeting with water and shrinks when losing water. With complicated mechanical properties, it changes with the variation of water content. As a result, expansive soils become the key object of study on unsaturated soils mechanics for the project. From the status of study on unsaturated soils at home and abroad, this paper covers an analysis on stability analysis method of expansive soils slope, determination of expansive soils strength, rational design of canal slope ratio and support, and forecast of landslide for the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Transfer.
文摘Most of the developed countries have used their tunnels as protective structures （public nuclear shelters） in case of nuclear emergencies to protect their citizens from the dangerous effects of nuclear weapons. The research aims to explain how to use tunnels to protect some people from neutrons and gamma rays and account the required safe depth. The computer code （MCNP5） is used at this model for such tunnel to account attenuation of both neutrons and gamma rays passing through the canal water, sand, soil and reinforced concrete wall layers. The last one （thickness 105 cm） constructed the tunnel construction. Also, the computer code is used to account the dose inside the tunnel, and account （neutron） dose, （neutron, gamma） dose, prompt （gamma） dose, total （gamma） dose and total （neutron ＋ gamma） dose estimated by μsv/h, at different depths from the water surface level （depths 200 cm, 500 cm, 1,000 cm, 1,600 cm, 2,200 cm, 2,600 cm, 2,800 cm, 3,400 cm, 3,700 cm, 4,000 cm and 4,600 cm）. Then, account these doses for three bombs （its intensity 20 KT, 100 KT and 1,000 KT）.
文摘The main aim of this research is to evaluate the water quality of King Abdullah Canal (KAC) using the water quality index method (WQI). For this purpose, nine different sampling sites were used in the calculation of WQI during the period of January to December 2012. The samples were analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids, ions of Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Fluorite, Chloride, Sulfate, Bicarbonate, and Nitrate in different seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn). The analyzed results (by WQI method) have been used to suggest models for predicting water quality. The relative weight assigned to each parameter has a range from 1 to 5, based on the important parameters for drinking purposes. The computed WQI for the nine samples has a range from 46.66 to 542.08. The analysis reveals that the water quality status of the study area is varying from excellent to good in the upper part of the canal and from poor to very poor in the lower part of the canal. Comparing with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Jordan Standard (JS), the results indicate that the lower part of the canal is polluted. Therefore, the water is not safe for domestic use and needs further treatment, especially in the lower part of the canal.
文摘Pakistan livelihood depends on agriculture and so for this on irrigation system. The irrigation system in Sindh province depends on three barrages. The canals off taking from these three barrages irrigate 5.5 million hectares of agriculture land. Sukkur Barrage, which is the oldest one, irrigates more than 2.0 million hectares of land. The Dadu Canal off taking from Sukkur barrage is an earthen canal. A huge amount of irrigation water is lost from the canal in the form of seepage from banks and bed. It is estimated that 40 to 50 per cent of water is lost between the canal head works to the farm-gate. The seepage from the canal creates twin problems of salinity and water logging consequently a large agriculture land has gone out of use, and this process is continued particularly in Sindh. Lining of Canals is considered an effective solution to this problem. But lining of canals in Sindh is a great issue as canals will need to be closed long enough to deprive the farmers at least one crop season and the farmers are unable to pay this price for canal. Therefore, in this study, the Dadu Canal is proposed to be redesigned as an adjacent lined canal which involves design of cross section for various lining options at locations where changes in the hydraulic conditions occur at cross regulators and fall structures. The proposed lining is preferred to be plain cement concrete lining which is selected after investigating local conditions. Quantity and cost estimation at selected RDs (Reduced Distance) proved feasible and significant in long term functioning of Dadu Canal.
基金Supported by 2011 Jiangsu Provincial Doctor Candidate Scientific Research Renovation Program: Studies on Urban Water Leisure Tourism Planning Based on Eco-cycle Theory (CXZZ11_0543)
文摘Water leisure tourism is an emerging theme in urban planning, and its planning mode and operation level directly influence the eco-cycle degree of urban development. Tourism activities inevitably impact environmental quality of urban water spaces, and the research on the environmental carrying capacity of such spaces has also become an important prerequisite of tourism planning. Taking the Yangzhou Ancient Canal Scenic Area for an example, the paper constructed the estimated indicators of water leisure tourism environmental carrying capacity on the basis of analyzing scenic geographical resources and tourism economic conditions, and calculated the scenic area's water leisure tourism environmental integrated carrying capacity by the method of barrel extrapolation, providing a reasonable foundation for evaluating the planning conditions in the eco-cycle urban water leisure tourism planning.
