Highly accurate manufacture in machining industry can only be obtained with precise temperature control of the coolant (oil or water).Machine tool with more accurate,stable and advanced the precision of the working ...Highly accurate manufacture in machining industry can only be obtained with precise temperature control of the coolant (oil or water).Machine tool with more accurate,stable and advanced the precision of the working component cannot be developed without appropriate cooling.However,the machine tool coolers are facing the control hunting of cooling temperature and the dramatic variation of heat load in high-accuracy machining.The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of the hot-gas by-pass scheme and suction regulation for capacity control of a machine tool cooler system.In this study,experimental investigation on both hot-gas by-pass scheme and suction valve regulation for capacity control has been proposed.Effects of using capillary tube and thermostatic expansion valve along with different capacity control scheme have been investigated extensively in an environmental testing room.Cooling performance and power consumption of the cooler system have been measured and analyzed as well by comparing with different opening percentage of throttling valve under specific coolant temperature.The experimental results reveal that the power consumption will reduce slightly by capacity control using the hot-gas by-pass scheme but the coefficient of performance (COP) of the overall system will decrease.Lower coolant temperature will result in higher compressor power consumption as well.While conducting suction valve regulating for capacity control,energy-saving at 10%-12% can be obtained by using thermostatic expansion valve under different evaporator load.It also reveals that suction valve regulation along with adequate choice of thermostatic expansion valve can provide alternative choice for steady capacity control and substantial energy-saving.The proposed cooler systems with different capacity control schemes are not only more cost-effective than inverter driven system,but also can perform energy-saving and precise temperature control specific for high-accuracy machine tool cooling.展开更多
We present a nonlinear flow control scheme based on a buffer management model with physical constraints. It extends previous result of Pitsillides et al. in [6] by improving the queue length regulation for better serv...We present a nonlinear flow control scheme based on a buffer management model with physical constraints. It extends previous result of Pitsillides et al. in [6] by improving the queue length regulation for better service of network traffics. Besides a single node system, we also address the decentralized control of many cascaded nodes. The proposed discontinuous controller asymptotically regulates the buffer queue length at the output port of a router/switch to a constant reference value, under unknown time varying interfering traffics and saturation constraints on control input and states. Its continuous approximation achieves practical regulation with an ultimate bound on the regulation error tunable by a design parameter.展开更多
With the large-scale integration of distributed renewable generation(DRG)and increasing proportion of power electronic equipment,the traditional power distribution network(DN)is evolving into an active distribution ne...With the large-scale integration of distributed renewable generation(DRG)and increasing proportion of power electronic equipment,the traditional power distribution network(DN)is evolving into an active distribution network(ADN).The operation state of an ADN,which is equipped with DRGs,could rapidly change among multiple states,which include steady,alert,and fault states.It is essential to manage large-scale DRG and enable the safe and economic operation of ADNs.In this paper,the current operation control strategies of ADNs under multiple states are reviewed with the interpretation of each state and the transition among the three aforementioned states.The multi-state identification indicators and identification methods are summarized in detail.The multi-state regulation capacity quantification methods are analyzed considering controllable resources,quantification indicators,and quantification methods.A detailed survey of optimal operation control strategies,including multi-state operations,is presented,and key problems and outlooks for the expansion of ADN are discussed.展开更多
Large reciprocating compressors are important equipment used in a wide range of process industries. Most of these compressors have huge power requirements and their capacity often needs to be regulated. Advanced techn...Large reciprocating compressors are important equipment used in a wide range of process industries. Most of these compressors have huge power requirements and their capacity often needs to be regulated. Advanced technologies in compressor capacity control are effective approaches for saving large amounts of energy in process industries. This paper reviews the basic theories and the state of the art of the capacity control technologies. In particular, a compressor working procedure is first presented using an analogy to the pulse signal concept. Compressor capacity control methods are classified into pulse frequency modulation and pulse amplitude modulation from a perspective of pulse signal processing. The mechanisms and feasibility of some important methods, including dead volume variable control, partial-stroke and full-stroke suction valve opening, are reviewed. Based on the pulse signal concept, a duty cycle regulation method for capacity control is introduced, and the performance and implementation of the new method are compared with those of the existing suction valve opening methods. The duty cycle regulation method has integrated advantages over the other methods in terms of regulating precision, pressure stability, energy saving and reliability. All the suction valve opening methods can cause gas reflux, resulting in the so-called breathing effect. The breathing effect has negative effects on regulation performance and compressor security, which needs further investigation in the future.展开更多
基金supported by Science Committee of Taiwan,China(Grant No. NSC 98-2622-E-167-029-CC3),and Industrial Technology Research Institute,Taiwan,China
文摘Highly accurate manufacture in machining industry can only be obtained with precise temperature control of the coolant (oil or water).Machine tool with more accurate,stable and advanced the precision of the working component cannot be developed without appropriate cooling.However,the machine tool coolers are facing the control hunting of cooling temperature and the dramatic variation of heat load in high-accuracy machining.The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of the hot-gas by-pass scheme and suction regulation for capacity control of a machine tool cooler system.In this study,experimental investigation on both hot-gas by-pass scheme and suction valve regulation for capacity control has been proposed.Effects of using capillary tube and thermostatic expansion valve along with different capacity control scheme have been investigated extensively in an environmental testing room.Cooling performance and power consumption of the cooler system have been measured and analyzed as well by comparing with different opening percentage of throttling valve under specific coolant temperature.The experimental results reveal that the power consumption will reduce slightly by capacity control using the hot-gas by-pass scheme but the coefficient of performance (COP) of the overall system will decrease.Lower coolant temperature will result in higher compressor power consumption as well.While conducting suction valve regulating for capacity control,energy-saving at 10%-12% can be obtained by using thermostatic expansion valve under different evaporator load.It also reveals that suction valve regulation along with adequate choice of thermostatic expansion valve can provide alternative choice for steady capacity control and substantial energy-saving.The proposed cooler systems with different capacity control schemes are not only more cost-effective than inverter driven system,but also can perform energy-saving and precise temperature control specific for high-accuracy machine tool cooling.
基金Supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants ANI-0081527 and ECS-0093176
文摘We present a nonlinear flow control scheme based on a buffer management model with physical constraints. It extends previous result of Pitsillides et al. in [6] by improving the queue length regulation for better service of network traffics. Besides a single node system, we also address the decentralized control of many cascaded nodes. The proposed discontinuous controller asymptotically regulates the buffer queue length at the output port of a router/switch to a constant reference value, under unknown time varying interfering traffics and saturation constraints on control input and states. Its continuous approximation achieves practical regulation with an ultimate bound on the regulation error tunable by a design parameter.
基金supported in part by the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation of China(No.5108-202218280A-2-231-XG)。
文摘With the large-scale integration of distributed renewable generation(DRG)and increasing proportion of power electronic equipment,the traditional power distribution network(DN)is evolving into an active distribution network(ADN).The operation state of an ADN,which is equipped with DRGs,could rapidly change among multiple states,which include steady,alert,and fault states.It is essential to manage large-scale DRG and enable the safe and economic operation of ADNs.In this paper,the current operation control strategies of ADNs under multiple states are reviewed with the interpretation of each state and the transition among the three aforementioned states.The multi-state identification indicators and identification methods are summarized in detail.The multi-state regulation capacity quantification methods are analyzed considering controllable resources,quantification indicators,and quantification methods.A detailed survey of optimal operation control strategies,including multi-state operations,is presented,and key problems and outlooks for the expansion of ADN are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51006077)
文摘Large reciprocating compressors are important equipment used in a wide range of process industries. Most of these compressors have huge power requirements and their capacity often needs to be regulated. Advanced technologies in compressor capacity control are effective approaches for saving large amounts of energy in process industries. This paper reviews the basic theories and the state of the art of the capacity control technologies. In particular, a compressor working procedure is first presented using an analogy to the pulse signal concept. Compressor capacity control methods are classified into pulse frequency modulation and pulse amplitude modulation from a perspective of pulse signal processing. The mechanisms and feasibility of some important methods, including dead volume variable control, partial-stroke and full-stroke suction valve opening, are reviewed. Based on the pulse signal concept, a duty cycle regulation method for capacity control is introduced, and the performance and implementation of the new method are compared with those of the existing suction valve opening methods. The duty cycle regulation method has integrated advantages over the other methods in terms of regulating precision, pressure stability, energy saving and reliability. All the suction valve opening methods can cause gas reflux, resulting in the so-called breathing effect. The breathing effect has negative effects on regulation performance and compressor security, which needs further investigation in the future.