Entrance and Exit Defects During Coarse Pitch Orbital Drilling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Plates

Formation of entrance and exit defects in coarse pitch orbital drilling(CPOD)of carbon fiber reinforced plastic(CFRP)plates was investigated.Deep observation on entrance and exit morphology shows tear and burr are typical defects.Meanwhile,tear is more obvious than burr,and more entrance tears emerge than exit tears.As one of the major causes of entrance and exit defects in CPOD,cutting forces were substaintially studied by contrast experiments.Then,the effect of cutting parameters on entrance and exit tear was qualitatively analyzed through a single factor test.Experiment results indicate that the variation of rotation speed has little influence on entrance and exit tear.Increasing tangential feed per tooth can enlarge entrance tear,but bring little effect on exit tear.By increasing axial feed pitch,the hole entrance and exit show severe tear.When revolution radius grows bigger and bigger,entrance and exit tear firstly decreases,and then increases.Finally,the models of tear and delamination during CPOD of CFRP were established,the formation mechanisms of entrance and exit defects were revealed,and the control strategies were accordingly put forward.

Square concrete columns strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced plastics sheets at low temperatures

Twenty-one square concrete columns were constructed and tested. The testing results indicate that bonded carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP) sheets can be used to increase the strength and improve the serviceability of damaged concrete columns at low temperatures. The failure of the specimens,in most cases,takes place within the middle half of the columns. And the failure of strengthened columns is sudden and explosive. The CFRP sheets increase both the axial load capacity and the ultimate concrete compressive strain of the columns. The ultimate loads of strengthened columns at-10,0 and 10 ℃ increase averagely by 9.09%,6.63% and 17.83%,respectively,as compared with those of the control specimens. The axial compressive strength of strengthened columns is related to the curing temperatures. The improvement of axial compressive strength decreases with reducing temperature,and when the temperature drops to a certain value,the improvement increases with falling temperature.

Impact Responses of the Carbon Fiber Fabric Reinforced Composites

To study the response characteristics of the carbon fiber fabric reinforced composites under impact loading, one dimensional strain impact test, multi gauge technique and Lagrange analysis method are used. The decaying rule of the stress σ , strain ε , strain rate ε · and density ρ with time and space is obtained. By the theory of dynamics, the impact response characteristics of the material is analyzed and discussed.

Experimental study and analysis on fatigue stiffness of RC beams strengthened with CFRP and steel plate

The objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and steel plate. An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were made on the law of deflection development and stiffness degradation, as well as the influence of fatigue load ranges. Test results indicate that the law of three-stage change under fatigue loading is followed by both midspan deflection and permanent deflection, which also have positive correlation with fatigue load amplitude. Fatigue stiffness of composite strengthened beams degrades gradually with the increasing of number of cycles. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model by effective moment of inertia method is developed for calculating the sectional stiffness of such composite strengthened beams under fatigue loading, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

Experimental Study on Tensile Properties of Steel Plate Bonded by CFRP

The tensile properties of five groups of composite specimens, which consist of steel plate bonded by CFRP,were experimentally researched. The failure types, performing characteristics and failure mechanism of the composite specimens were investigated in detail. The influence of different ratio of CFRP on bearing capacity, loading-strain curves, compound modulus, rigidity and ductility of the composite specimens was analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the composite specimen can work harmonically and the steel plate does not break in tension. Comparing with steel plate, the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the composite specimens increase and ductility decreases. The bearing capacity increases sharply with the increase in the number of layers of CFRP. With the increase in CFRP, the yield strength increases slightly and ductility decreases. The experimental researches can provide a theoretical basis for engineering application of combination strengthening.

Numerical Determination of Shear Strength of Steel Reinforced Concrete Column Strengthened by CFRP Sheets

The earthquake resistant property of reinforced concrete members depends on the interaction between reinforcing bars and surrounding concrete through bond to a large degree. In this paper a general system aimed at dealing with the failure analysis of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) sheets including bond slip of the anchored reinforcing bars at the foot of the columns is presented. It is based on the yield design theory with a mixed modeling of the structure, according to which the concrete material is treated as a classical two dimensional continuum, whereas the longitudinal reinforcing bars are regarded as one dimensional rods including bond slip at the foot of the columns. In shear reinforced zones both the shear CFRP sheets and transverse reinforcing bars are incorporated in the analysis through a homogenization procedure and they are only in tension. The approach is then implemented numerically by means of the finite element formulation. The numerical procedure produces accurate estimates for the loading carrying capacity of the shear members taken as an illustrative application by correlation with the experimental results, so the proposed approach is valid.

Shear capacity of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with CFRP sheet

This paper discusses the results of tests on the shear capacity of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) sheet. The shear transfer mechanism of the specimens reinforced with CFRP sheet was studied. The factors affecting the shear capacity of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with CFRP sheet were analyzed. Several sug-gestions such as the number of layers, width and tensile strength of the CFRP sheet are proposed for this new strengthening technique. Finally, a simple and practical design method is presented in the paper. The calculated results of the suggested method are shown to be in good agreement with the test results. The suggested design method can be used in evaluating the shear capacity of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with CFRP sheet.

侧向冲击荷载作用下CFRP型材-方钢管混凝土柱的动力响应

为了研究CFRP型材-方钢管混凝土固简柱的抗侧向冲击性能,采用水平撞击装置对3个CFRP型材-方钢管混凝土柱进行侧向冲击试验.根据柱的破坏模式、局部变形、整体变形及冲击力分析柱的动力响应,研究了CFRP型材、边界条件、冲击能量与冲击冲量对试件动力响应的影响规律.结果表明,CFRP型材-方钢管混凝土固简柱呈现弯曲破坏,具有良好的抗冲击性能,且随着支座约束能力的增大,抗侧向冲击性能增大.增加单位冲击冲量可使悬臂试件的峰值位移下降7%,而两端固支试件峰值位移仅变化1%.随着支座约束能力的下降,冲击冲量对试件变形的影响程度增大.在钢管混凝土固简试件中内置CFRP型材可使冲击位置处峰值位移下降9%,且降低程度随着支座约束能力的下降而增加.

氯盐干湿循环作用下表面开槽CFRP-混凝土界面抗剪性能试验

为探究氯盐干湿循环作用下表面开槽CFRP-混凝土界面抗剪性能,开展干湿循环(0 d、60 d和120 d)不同沟槽形状(矩形、正梯形和倒梯形)的单搭接拉伸剪切试验,研究失效模式和断裂能的变化及影响最大剪应力的因素,结合试验结果推导了考虑干湿循环的界面黏结滑移本构方程,并通过数值模拟验证其有效性。结果表明:随干湿循环进行,表面开槽法失效模式由CFRP断裂破坏转变为剥离破坏;120 d界面断裂能下降量较未开槽法减少60.04%~69.42%;正梯形组120 d最大剪应力相比其他表面开槽形状提升7.18%~9.48%。表面开槽法在氯盐干湿循环作用下具有较好的抗剪性能,建立的界面本构劣化方程适用于氯盐干湿循环作用下表面开槽CFRP-混凝土界面黏结性能的分析和模拟。

飞秒激光表面织构化对CFRP/2060铝锂合金高速激光连接接头剪切性能的影响

激光表面织构化作为提高异质结构接头剪切性能的有效手段,已广泛应用于碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)与金属材料激光连接领域中。采用波长515 nm的飞秒激光在2060铝锂合金表面制备微结构,采用能量密度分布均匀的矩形光斑实现CFRP和2060铝锂合金异质接头的高速光纤激光连接,探讨飞秒激光刻蚀深度、扫描线间距对异质结构接头剪切强度的影响规律。结果表明,通过飞秒激光织构化处理,异质接头剪切强度得到了大幅提升,接头破坏形式均为界面断裂和基体断裂的混合断裂模式。在激光功率5 kW、焊接速度高达3.6 m/min条件下,接头平均剪切强度可达35.7 MPa,是未经飞秒激光织构化接头的2.3倍。

CFRP板纵向加固RC柱在水平低周循环荷载下的力学性能研究与应用

开发了一种纵向粘贴CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,碳纤维增强复合材料)板的RC(Reinforced Concrete,钢筋混凝土)柱抗弯加固系统,该加固系统由纵向粘贴在柱表面的预制CFRP板和防止柱底CFRP板脱粘的混凝土加厚层组成.为研究纵向粘贴CFRP板对RC柱的抗弯性能影响,设计并开展了5根足尺矩形RC柱的水平低周循环加载试验.研究结果表明:粘贴CFRP板加固能有效延缓柱的开裂;柱的破坏模式得到明显改善;相较于未加固柱子,粘贴1层CFRP板和2层CFRP板加固的RC柱极限承载力分别提高了15.1%和17.4%;加固后柱的抗弯承载力和刚度得到提高,但增加CFRP板的层数对极限强度和刚度没有显著影响,反而会降低柱的延性,相较于仅采用增大柱底截面的方式加固的对照柱,粘贴1层CFRP板和2层CFRP板加固的试验柱的延性系数分别降低16.2%和35.1%;试验过程中,由于柱与基础节点承载力的限制,CFRP的最大应变仅达到极限应变的24%,抗拉强度未得到充分发挥.该加固方法已在某医院加固工程中得到应用,跟踪研究表明,加固后柱子的抗弯承载力有明显提升,加固方法得到工程业界的认可.

Effects of fiber orientation on tool wear evolution and wear mechanism when cutting carbon fiber reinforced plastics

The aim of the present paper is to reveal the influence of different fiber orientations on the tool wear evolution and wear mechanism. Side-milling experiments with large-diameter milling tools are conducted. A finite element(FE) cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP)is established to get insight into the cutting stress status at different wear stages. The results show that different fiber orientations bring about distinct differences in the extent, profile and mechanism of tool wear. Severer wear occurs when cutting 45° and 90° plies, followed by 0°, correspondingly,the least wear is obtained when θ = 135°(θ represents the orientation of fibers). Moreover, the worn profiles of cutting tools when θ = 0° and 45° are waterfall edge, while round edge occurs whenθ = 135° and a combined shape of waterfall and round edge is obtained when θ = 90°. The wear mechanisms under different fiber orientations are strongly dependent on the cutting stress distributions. The evolution of tool wear profile is basically consistent with the stress distribution on the tool surface at different wear stages, and the extent of tool wear is determined by the magnitude of stress on the tool surface. Besides, the worn edges produce an actual negative clearance angle,which decreases the actual cutting thickness and leads to compressing and bending failure of fibers beneath the cutting region as well as low surface qualities.

基于递归量化分析的CFRP超声检测缺陷识别方法

为了解决碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)超声检测缺陷识别不准确、不可靠的问题,提出自适应变分模态分解(AVMD)与递归量化分析技术(RQAT)特征提取和卷积神经网络(CNN)识别方法.实验预埋6种模拟缺陷,使用超声相控阵检测后,每种缺陷取500个A扫描波形信号数据,利用蝠鲼智能优化算法优化出变分模态分解(VMD)所需的K、Alpha,使用优化参数的VMD得到本征模态函数(IMF)分量,筛选高频噪声部分,对剩余IMF分量使用递归量化分析技术.每个信号得到72个特征值,将特征值组成特征向量,输入CNN进行识别,训练集识别正确率为99.94%,验证集识别正确率为98.09%,测试集识别正确率为98.27%.结果表明,AVMD与RQAT、CNN的结合解决了CFRP超声检测中缺陷的识别分类问题.

预应力CFRP修复含裂纹钢板疲劳寿命的延长预测

为研究预应力碳纤维复合材料(carbon fiber reinforced polymer,CFRP)修复对于海上油气勘探开发平台上含裂纹钢板的疲劳寿命的延长效果。基于围线积分方法建立计算预应力CFRP修复含裂纹钢板应力强度因子(stress intensity factor,SIF)的仿真分析模型,结合线弹性断裂力学,验证模型的准确性,提出1种简单、高效的SIF计算方法;基于扩展有限元方法(extended finite element method,XFEM)建立预测预应力CFRP修复含裂纹钢板疲劳寿命的仿真分析模型,并利用疲劳试验结果进行验证,分析预应力对含裂纹钢板疲劳寿命的延长效果。研究结果表明:CFRP修复对含裂纹钢板有良好的修复效果,可较为明显地延长其疲劳寿命,随着预应力的增大,其延长效果会进一步增强。研究结果可为海上平台安全评估提供参考。

剪力滞对CFRP板-钢梁加固界面应力的影响

为了分析工字钢梁弯曲变形产生的剪力滞效应对黏结层法向应力和切应力的影响,基于虚功原理的能量变分法建立考虑剪力滞的碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)加固梁黏结应力计算理论方程.通过与试验和有限元数值模拟结果的对比,验证了理论方程的正确性.开展不同弯矩作用下的工字型钢梁黏结层界面切应力和法向应力参数分析.结果表明,剪力滞引起的翼缘板纵向位移沿横向3次抛物线分布的假定是合理的.剪力滞效应对CFRP加固工字钢梁弯曲变形下的端部界面应力影响不可忽略,影响程度随着截面弯矩和翼缘板宽度的增加而增大.

CFRP二次切削加工表面的形成机理及试验研究

在实际加工过程中,碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic,CFRP)的制孔通常采用多工序工艺以优化制孔质量。然而,关于多工序加工中切削表面形成机制的详细解析尚存不足。针对此问题,本文构建了四种典型纤维取向(θ=0°、45°、90°、135°)下的二次切削仿真模型,深入探讨了二次切削过程中切削表面的形成机制及切削损伤的演变模式。研究结果显示,随着主轴转速n的增加,二次切削合力呈现显著的下降趋势;而进给速度Vf的提高则导致二次切削合力显著上升。进一步分析发现,当纤维取向为θ=0°时,首次切削的切削表面损伤对第二次切削的影响相对较小;而当纤维取向为θ=45°、90°或135°时,在第二次切削厚度小于首次切削纤维损伤层深度的条件下,第二次切削能够有效去除首次切削产生的损伤层,且不产生新的纤维损伤,从而显著提升切削表面的质量。

板材厚度组合对CFRP-Al自冲铆接头底切值的影响

选取5组不同厚度组合的碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)板和铝合金板进行自冲铆连接对比试验,并限定板厚组合为唯一的影响因素,以探索板厚组合对自冲铆接头底切值的影响规律。结果表明,CFRP上板厚度固定,接头底切值随着下板厚度的增加而提升,而固定铝合金下板厚度,接头底切值则随上板厚度的增加而降低。分析认为,铝合金下板的厚度限制钉脚刺入下板的深度并决定了底切值的上限,同时,自冲铆过程中铆钉钉脚切割上板形成的残余材料堆积于钉孔内,并在钉脚刺入铝合金下板过程中对下板产生挤压作用,导致钉孔下方的下板被压薄,且对下板的压薄作用随着上板厚度的增加而增强,从而接头的底切值随着上板厚度增加而下降。

高强钢/CFRP多层复合板的三点弯曲性能分析

为了提高QP985高强钢的力学性能,选择热冲压方法来实现QP985高强钢与碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)的复合,并开展多层复合板三点弯曲试验。试验结果表明:与没有CFRP的钢板试样相比,铺设2层与4层CFRP试样的最大位移减小了10.12%与19.29%,吸收能量增大了4.76%与7.18%,弯曲角降低了22.49%与25.64%;CFRP可以起到明显的增强作用。

CFRP板侧面加固钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯性能试验

对CFRP板侧面加固混凝土梁的受弯性能进行了试验,分析了碳纤维板加固面积、加固位置、配筋率等参数对加固梁受弯性能的影响,结果表明:使用碳纤维板加固钢筋混凝土受弯构件,可以显著提高其受弯承载力和抗弯刚度,但两者之间并不成正比,CFRP板的用量有一个最佳值;混凝土强度的提高对加固效果的影响不显著,但配筋率的变化对加固效果有较大的影响,低配筋率的梁使用CFRP板加固后承载力的提高幅度要比高配筋率的梁显著;由于CFRP板的弹性模量比钢筋的弹性模量小,加固梁破坏时的挠度仍较大.建议在实际工程中应尽量采用弹性模量高、厚度小的CFRP板,并保证其锚固长度.

集中荷载下井字形CFRP与钢板条带复合加固RC双向板试验研究

通过集中荷载作用下9块未加固及加固的RC双向板的试验,研究了碳纤维(CFRP)条带、钢板条带以及两者复合加固后双向板的破坏特征和受力性能.分析了不同加固方法、CFRP用量以及加固条带间距对加固板开裂荷载、极限承载力、刚度和延性等方面的影响.试验结果表明:复合加固方法充分发挥了CFRP和钢板各自的优点,两者能很好地协调工作,显著提高板的开裂荷载、极限承载力以及变形刚度,并且使加固板保持较好的延性.在一定范围内,随着CFRP用量的增加,复合加固板的承载力增大,抗弯刚度提高,但延性有所降低;随着条带间距的增加,复合加固板的开裂荷载和延性逐渐降低,抗弯刚度无明显变化.