Research Analysis on the Microscopic Properties and Damping Performance of Carbon Nanomaterial-Modified Cement Mortar

The application of carbon nanomaterials, particularly graphene and carbon nanotubes, in cement-based composites is highly significant. These materials demonstrate the multifunctionality of carbon and offer extensive possibilities for technological advancements. This research analyzes how the integration of graphene into cement-based composites enhances damping and mechanical properties, thereby contributing to the safety and durability of structures. Research on carbon nanomaterials is ongoing and is expected to continue driving innovation across various industrial sectors, promoting the sustainable development of building materials.

The Influence of Carbon Nanotubes and Nano-Silica Fume on Enhancing the Damping and Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Materials

This paper conducted experimental studies on the damping and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-nanosilica-cement composite materials with different carbon nanotube contents. The damping and mechanical properties enhancement mechanisms were analyzed and compared through the porosity structure test, XRD analysis, and scanning electron microscope observation. The results show that the introduction of nanosilica significantly improves the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in the cement matrix. At the same time, the addition of nanosilica not only effectively reduces the critical pore size and average pore size of the cement composite material, but also exhibits good synergistic effects with carbon nanotubes, which can significantly optimize the pore structure. Finally, a rationalization suggestion for the co-doping of nanosilica and carbon nanotubes was given to achieve a significant increase in the flexural strength, compressive strength and loss factor of cement-based materials.

Electrical Resistance and Microstructure of Latex Modified Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites

The electrical resistance,flexural strength,and microstructure of carbon fiber reinforced cement composites（CFRC） were improved greatly by adding water-redispersible latex powder.The electrical resistance of CFRC was investigated by two-probe method.The input range of CFRC based strain sensors was therefore increased,whereas electrical resistance was increased and remained in the perfect range of CFRC sensors.The analysis of scanning electron microscopy indicated that elastic latex bridges and a latex layer existed among the interspaces of the adjacent cement hydration products which were responsible for the enhancement of the flexural strength and electrical resistance.The formation mechanism of the elastic latex bridges was also discussed in detail.The continuous moving of two opposite interfaces of the latex solution-air along the interspaces of the adjacent hydrated crystals or colloids was attributed to the formation of the elastic latex bridges.

Piezoresistivity in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement Based Composites

The results of some interesting investigation on the piezoresistivity of carbon fiber reinforced cement based composites (CFRC) are presented with the prospect of developing a new nondestructive testing method to assess the integrity of the composite. The addition of short carbon fibers to cement-based mortar or concrete improves the structural performance and at the same time significantly decreases the bulk electrical resistivity. This makes CFRC responsive to the smart behavior by measuring the resistance change with uniaxial pressure. The piezoresistivity of CFRC under different stress was studied, at the same time the damage occurring inner specimens was detected by acoustic emission as well. Test results show that there exists a marking pressure dependence of the conductivity in CFRC, in which the so-called negative pressure coefficient of resistive (NPCR) and positive pressure coefficient of resistive (PPCR) are observed under low and high pressure. Under constant pressures, time-dependent resistivity is an outstanding characteristic for the composites, which is defined as resistance creep. The breakdown and rebuild-up process of conductive network under pressure may be responsible for the pressure dependence of resistivity.

Piezoresistivity of Carbon Fiber Graphite Cement-based Composites with CCCW

The electrical conductivity and piezoresistivity of carbon fiber graphite cement-matrix composites（CFGCC） with carbon fiber content（1% by the weight of cement）,graphite powder contents （0%-50% by the weight of cement） and CCCW（cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing materials,4% by the weight of cement） were studied.The experimental results showed that the relationship between the resistivity of CFGCC and the concentration of graphite powders had typical features of percolation phenomena.The percolation threshold was about 20%.A clear piezoresistive effect was observed in CFGCC with 1wt% of carbon fibers,20wt% or 30wt% of graphite powders under uniaxial compressive tests,indicating that this type of smart composites was a promising candidate for strain sensing.The measured gage factor （defined as the fractional change in resistance per unit strain） of CFGCC with graphite content of 20wt% and 30wt% were 37 and 22,respectively.With the addition of CCCW,the mechanical properties of CFGCC were improved,which benefited CFGCC piezoresistivity of stability.

INTERFACE AND PROPERTIES OF ALKALI-TREATED CARBON FIBRE REINFORCED CEMENT COMPOSITES

The surface of carbon fibre is studied which has been treated with heated sodium hydrate solution (NaOH) . It is found that the surface of carbon fibre is not corroded during the treatment. But at the same time, it is also found that after this treatment, a certain number of carbonyl groups (C O) and (-COOH or ?COONa) are produced on the treated surface of carbon fibre. When carbon fiber is mixed with cement paste, the above reactive groups will link with Ca+2 in the paste, which will result in an early stage hydration of cement in inter facial areas. In addition, the experiments show that the rheological properties of cement paste reinforced with alkali-treated carbon fibre differ greatly from that of untreated carbon fibre reinforced cement paste.

Vibration characteristics of piezoelectric functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite doubly-curved shells

This paper presents an analytical solution for the free vibration behavior of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite(FG-CNTRC) doubly curved shallow shells with integrated piezoelectric layers. Here, the linear distribution of electric potential across the thickness of the piezoelectric layer and five different types of carbon nanotube(CNT) distributions through the thickness direction are considered. Based on the four-variable shear deformation refined shell theory, governing equations are obtained by applying Hamilton's principle. Navier's solution for the shell panels with the simply supported boundary condition at all four edges is derived. Several numerical examples validate the accuracy of the presented solution. New parametric studies regarding the effects of different material properties, shell geometric parameters, and electrical boundary conditions on the free vibration responses of the hybrid panels are investigated and discussed in detail.

The effect of initial geometric imperfection on the nonlinear resonance of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite rectangular plates

The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of initial geometric imperfection on the nonlinear dynamical characteristics of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite(FG-CNTRC) rectangular plates under a harmonic excitation transverse load. The considered plate is assumed to be made of matrix and single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs). The rule of mixture is employed to calculate the effective material properties of the plate. Within the framework of the parabolic shear deformation plate theory with taking the influence of transverse shear deformation and rotary inertia into account, Hamilton’s principle is utilized to derive the geometrically nonlinear mathematical formulation including the governing equations and corresponding boundary conditions of initially imperfect FG-CNTRC plates. Afterwards, with the aid of an efficient multistep numerical solution methodology, the frequency-amplitude and forcing-amplitude curves of initially imperfect FG-CNTRC rectangular plates with various edge conditions are provided, demonstrating the influence of initial imperfection,geometrical parameters, and edge conditions. It is displayed that an increase in the initial geometric imperfection intensifies the softening-type behavior of system, while no softening behavior can be found in the frequency-amplitude curve of a perfect plate.

STUDY ON THE ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF CARBON FIBER-CEMENT COMPOSITE(CFCC)

The relationship between the resistivity of Carbon Fiber-Cement Composite (CFCC) and the content of fiber has been discussed in this paper. The results show if the weight percentage of carbon fiber increases from 0.4% to 1.2%, the resistivity of CFCC changes over the range (10M Omega . cm similar to 100 Omega . cm), and the percolation threshold is about 0.8w%. The conduction mechanism and percolation phenomenon of the composite can be explained by the tunneling model.

The Smart Behavior of Cement-based Composite Containing Carbon Fibers under Three-point-bending Load

The influences of the fiber volume fraction on the electrical conductivity and the fraction change of electrical resistance under three-point-bending test were discussed.It is found that the relationship beween the electrical conductivity of composites and the fiber volume fraction can be explained by the percolation theory and the change of electrical resistance of specimens reflects to the process of loading.The sensitivity and the response of the change of electrical resistance to the load for specimens with different fiber volume fractions are quite different.which provide an important guide for the manufacture of conductive and intrinsically smart carbon fiber composite.

Smart Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement-based Composite

The electrical characteristics of cement-based material can be remarkably improved by the addition of short carbon fibers. Carbon fiber reinforced cement composite (CFRC) is an intrinsically smart material that can sense not only the stress and strain, but also the temperature. In this paper, variations of electrical resistivity with external applied load, and relation of thermoelectric force and temperature were investigated. Test results indicated that the electrical signal is related to the increase in the material volume resistivity during crack generation or propagation and the decrease in the resistivity during crack closure. Moreover, it was found that the fiber addition increased the linearity and reversibility of the Seebeck effect in the cement-based materials. The change of electrical characteristics reflects large amount of information of inner damage and temperature differential of composite, which can be used for stress-strain or thermal self-monitoring by embedding it in the concrete structures.

Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of carbonate cements of different phases in terrigenous siliciclastic reservoirs and significance for their origin:A case study from sandstones of the Triassic Yanchang Formation,southwestern Ordos Basin,China

Early carbonate cements in the Yanchang Formation sandstones are composed mainly of calcite with relatively heavier carbon isotope(their δ18O values range from-0.3‰--0.1‰) and lighter oxygen isotope(their δ18O values range from-22.1‰--19.5‰).Generally,they are closely related to the direct precipitation of oversaturated calcium carbonate from alkaline lake water.This kind of cementation plays an important role in enhancing the anti-compaction ability of sandstones,preserving intragranular volume and providing the mass basis for later disso-lution caused by acidic fluid flow to produce secondary porosity.Ferriferous calcites are characterized by relatively light carbon isotope with δ13C values ranging from-8.02‰ to-3.23‰,and lighter oxygen isotope with δ18O values ranging from-22.9‰ to-19.7‰,which is obviously related to the decarboxylation of organic matter during the late period of early diagenesis to the early period of late diagenesis.As the mid-late diagenetic products,ferriferous calcites in the study area are considered as the characteristic authigenic minerals for indicating large-scaled hydrocarbon influx and migration within the clastic reservoir.The late ankerite is relatively heavy in carbon isotope with δ13C values ranging from-1.92‰ to-0.84‰,and shows a wide range of variations in oxygen isotopic composition,with δ18O values ranging from-20.5‰ to-12.6‰.They are believed to have nothing to do with decarboxylation,but the previously formed marine carbonate rock fragments may serve as the chief carbon source for their precipitation,and the alkaline diagenetic environment at the mid-late stage would promote this process.

Effects of carbonation on mechanical properties of CAC-GGBFS blended strain hardening cementitious composites

Calcium aluminate cement(CAC)—based strain hardening cementitious composites(SHCC)has been developed and used for the rehabilitation of sewerage pipelines.In addition to well-known microbiologically induced corrosion,CO_(2)concentration in the sewerage environment is high,which may cause significant carbonation of pipelines.Thus,this paper aims to investigate the effects of carbonation on the mechanical performance of CAC-based SHCC.Two types of CAC-based SHCC with different strength grades and a referenced OPC-based SHCC were prepared.The accelerated carbonation test was conducted in a carbonation chamber with a 5%CO_(2)concentration.The compressive and tensile behaviour of SHCC was tested first,and microstructure analysis,e.g.,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy,was then performed.The results showed that CAC-based SHCC specimens exhibited robust strain-hardening performance as well as large deformation capacity in tension due to the fiber-bridging effect.Also,the compressive and tensile strength was significantly improved as well as achieving a higher tensile strain capacity after carbonation when compared with OPC-based SHCC.Microstructure analysis revealed that the metastable phases in carbonated CAC-based SHCC were converted into stable phases and calcium carbonate polymorphs,densifying the binder matrix.The obtained results of this paper may provide new insight into utilizing carbonation to avoid the unstable conversion of hydrates in calcium aluminate cement.

复合水泥固化剂固化泥炭土渗透性研究

针对泥炭土工程性质差、改良难度高的问题,本文提出了一种由超细水泥(UFC)和普通硅酸盐水泥(OPC)组成的复合水泥固化剂(CCS)用于固化模拟泥炭土,并通过渗压试验和X射线衍射(XRD)测试研究UFC对水泥土试样渗透性的影响规律。渗压试验结果表明:CCS掺入量相同时,试样渗透系数k随UFC质量分数的增加而减小,UFC质量分数大于12%时k值下降趋势显著减缓;CCS中UFC质量分数为12%时,k随CCS掺入量的增加而减小,CCS掺入量大于25%时下降趋势明显减缓。XRD测试结果显示,试样中水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)的衍射峰强度随UFC质量分数及养护龄期的增加而增强。相较于OPC,CCS以更少的水泥用量便能达到优异的固化效果,从而实现减碳目标。

低碳复合胶凝材料对水泥和混凝土性能的影响

将粉煤灰和矿粉按不同质量比(m_(粉煤灰)∶m_(矿粉)=7∶3、6∶4、5∶5)制备成了低碳复合辅助性胶凝材料,研究了其等质量替代15%、30%的水泥对胶凝材料需水量比、流动度比和活性指数的影响,优选出了最佳m_(粉煤灰)∶m_(矿粉)。在此基础上,研究了低碳复合辅助性胶凝材料等质量替代0、10%、15%、20%、30%的水泥对胶凝材料标准稠度用水量和凝结时间的影响,以及等质量替代0、10%、20%、30%、40%的水泥对C50混凝土工作性和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在水泥中掺入适量低碳复合辅助性胶凝材料有效改善了胶凝材料体系的工作性,延缓了早期(3 d)水化速度,提高了胶砂7 d、28 d抗压强度,最佳m_(粉煤灰)∶m_(矿粉)为5∶5;随着低碳复合辅助性胶凝材料掺量的增加,胶凝材料的标准稠度用水量变化很小,凝结时间延长;C50混凝土的坍落度随着低碳复合辅助性胶凝材料掺量的增加而增大,7 d和28 d抗压强度先增大后减小,最佳掺量为30%。

低碳胶凝修补材料的碳化性能研究

碱激发矿渣水泥在碳减排和实际工程应用方面具有巨大的潜力,但相较于普通硅酸盐水泥,人们对碱激发矿渣水泥各种作用机理的认识还不够透彻,对碱激发矿渣水泥的耐久性评价也存在不足。作为混凝土耐久性的重要因素,碱激发矿渣水泥的碳化过程需要更多的研究。该文通过XRD、FT-IR和TG等方法,对加速碳化(1%CO_(2))和自然碳化(约0.04%CO_(2))的碱激发矿渣水泥样品的碳化产物进行了分析对比,探究了碳化过程。结果证明,通过增加CO_(2)浓度进行快速测试是合理的。

C/SiC复合材料表面SiC过渡层的包埋法制备与性能

[目的]碳/碳化硅(C/SiC)复合材料是航空航天领域最有发展前景的高温热防护结构材料之一,但其表面由于制备过程中化学气相渗透而造成粗糙度低、与涂层间结合强度差的问题有待解决。[方法]以Si粉、C粉和少量Al_(2)O_(3)粉为原料,通过包埋法在C/SiC基体表面制备了SiC涂层。[结果]该涂层与基体之间具有较好的化学亲和性,热膨胀系数匹配度高,表面状态改善情况好。SiC涂层的表面粗糙度(Ra)相较于C/SiC基体实现了从1.732μm到5.531μm超2倍的提升,且涂层与基体结合良好,平均抗拉结合强度达到了4.946 MPa。[结论]该方法处理后的C/SiC复合材料满足了后续制备功能化涂层的要求。

碳酸钙晶须混杂聚乙烯纤维增强水泥基复合材料力学性能研究

为研究碳酸钙晶须掺量对聚乙烯纤维增强水泥基复合材料(PE-ECC)力学性能及微观结构的影响,设计了4组不同碳酸钙晶须掺量的PE-ECC试件,对其进行抗压性能试验、抗拉性能试验、三点弯曲断裂性能试验,并使用XRD、SEM、NMR技术对其微观结构进行研究。结果表明,碳酸钙晶须对PE-ECC有增强增韧作用,随着碳酸钙晶须掺量增加,这种增强增韧作用呈先增大后减小的趋势,当碳酸钙晶须掺量为1%(体积分数)时,PE-ECC的抗压性能、拉伸性能、断裂性能提升最佳。适量的碳酸钙晶须能填充基体,减少少害孔及多害孔数量,改善孔隙结构。

不同形态回收碳纤维水泥基材料的力学与导电性能

将碳纤维生命周期内产生的预浸料、织物及复合材料废弃物通过切割与粉碎制备短切回收碳纤维(CRCF)、回收碳纤维球(RCFS)及回收碳纤维粉(RCFP),研究不同形态回收碳纤维对水泥基材料力学与导电性能的影响机理和规律。结果表明,CRCF阻裂作用与RCFP填充孔隙作用使水泥基材料抗压强度和抗折强度显著提升,但RCFS的团聚导致其提升效果不显著。CRCF在水泥基材料内部搭接形成导电通路,电阻率随CRCF掺量的增加而降低,下降幅度超过90%,且渗滤阈值的掺量随CRCF长度的增大而显著降低。RCFS掺入基体后以孤立的球状形态分散在基体中,RCFP表面残留的树脂会阻碍导电通路的形成,这两种形态的回收碳纤维水泥基材料的电阻率降低幅度均小于10.7%。将CRCF水泥基材料中的电阻分为纤维通路电阻、纤维接触电阻和隧道传输电阻,建立了导电模型,模型误差为9.24%~40.1%。

碳纤维编织网与聚丙烯水泥基复合材料加固圆柱轴压试验

完成了14个基于碳纤维编织网与聚丙烯纤维水泥基复合材料加固圆柱的轴压性能试验,得到了各试件的极限承载力与破坏形态,测得了各试件平均压应力-混凝土应变曲线、平均压应力-碳纤维编织网应变曲线及各试件极限承载力柱状图,分析了加固层水泥基复合材料中聚丙烯纤维含量、碳纤维编织网包裹层数及网格大小等参数对试件轴压性能及破坏机理的影响。试验结果表明:采用碳纤维编织网与聚丙烯纤维水泥基复合材料加固圆柱可明显提高其极限承载力;试件主要破坏形态为纵向压劈破坏,脆性破坏特征明显;加固层少量聚丙烯纤维含量(质量比0.05%,0.15%,0.25%)的改变对试件承载力的提高不明显;在一定范围内试件承载力随碳纤维编织网包裹层数的增加而提高;相比于2 cm网格碳纤维编织网,1 cm网格碳纤维编织网对试件承载力的提高效果更好。