Thirty-five fruits and seventeen vegetables from Martinique were evaluated for total phenol content (TPC), Vitamin C and carotenoid content. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents ranged from 11.7 to 978.6 mg/100g, 0....Thirty-five fruits and seventeen vegetables from Martinique were evaluated for total phenol content (TPC), Vitamin C and carotenoid content. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents ranged from 11.7 to 978.6 mg/100g, 0.1 to 2853.8 mg/100g and 9.7 to 9269.7 μg/100g respectively. Fruits and vegetables from Martinique have equivalent or higher TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents than fruits and vegetables from temperate climates. Cashew apple had high values for all three parameters (55.8 mg/100g of Vitamin C, 603 mg/100g of TPC and 924 μg/100g of carotenoids). Bassignac mango and mamey apple had the highest carotenoid contents, with 3800.3 and 3199.7 μg/100g respectively. Acerola had the highest Vitamin C and polyphenol contents with 2853.8 μg/100g and 727.4 mg/100g respectively. Pigeon peas had high values for all three parameters (569.2 mg/100g of Vitamin C, 978.6 mg/100g of TPC and 364.3 μg/100g of carotenoids). Pumpkin and watercress had the highest carotenoid content, with 9269.7 and 4339 μg/100g respectively. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid content were significantly impacted by processing techniques. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents decreased by up to 75.78%, 100% and 70.18% respectively, depending on the processing technique used.展开更多
This study was carried out to detect the favorable mycelial growth conditions and effect of electric pulse stimulation on fruit body production of SC-1 strain of Sparassis crispa. The optimum growth in PDA was found a...This study was carried out to detect the favorable mycelial growth conditions and effect of electric pulse stimulation on fruit body production of SC-1 strain of Sparassis crispa. The optimum growth in PDA was found at 25°C (67 mm colony diameter in 28 days) followed by 20°C (63 mm colony diameter in 28 days). There was no mycelial growth at 35°C. The most favourable initial media pH range was found to be 5 - 7 and colony diameter measurements were not statistically different among these pH values (p > 0.05). However, the highest growth was obtained at pH 6 (57 mm colony diameter in 28 days). A basal medium composed of 0.05 g MgSO4, 0.46 g KH2PO4, 1.0 g K2HPO4, 120 μg thiamine-HCl, 20 g agar and 1000 ml of distilled water was used to investigate growth response of S. crispato different carbon and nitrogen sources. In 28 days, fructose and glucose exhibited best growth (49.4 mm and 31.6 mm colony diameters respectively) and there was no growth on the basal medium supplemented with galactose. Basal medium supplemented with glycine and alanine as nitrogen sources resulted in best growth, 54.4 mm and 50.5 mm colony diameters respectively. There was no mycelial growth in culture medium supplemented with ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate, arginine and histidine. Electric pulse stimulation improved the fruiting body production. The yields obtained from all bottles in which electric pulse was applied were significantly higher than the yields from the bottles in which electric pulse was not applied. The percent increases of fresh weight yield from control on 100, 120, 130, and 170 kilovolts were 36%, 44%, 75% and 81% respectively. As regard to dry weight yield, the percent increases from control on 100, 120, 130, and 170 kilovolts were 27%, 54%, 63% and 67% respectively.展开更多
The objective of the present study was to identify dietary parameters for predicting body weight change (ΔBW) in Mexican-born women (Mexicans) following immigration to Quebec City, Canada. Methods: Changes in fruit (...The objective of the present study was to identify dietary parameters for predicting body weight change (ΔBW) in Mexican-born women (Mexicans) following immigration to Quebec City, Canada. Methods: Changes in fruit (ΔF), vegetable (ΔV), fruit and vegetable (ΔFV), and fat (ΔFat) intake were assessed according to post-immigration periods (1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-20 years) using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measures were also conducted in 87 Mexicans (study group) and 88 native-born Quebecers (comparison group) aged 18-65 years. Associations were calculated using full and partial robust regression models adjusting for potential confounders (origin, education, income, age, length of residence in Quebec City). Results: There was no difference in ΔBW between the groups. Body weight (BW) increased significantly in both Mexican (5.5 ± 0.9 kg, P < 0.0001) and Quebec women (4.7 ± 0.8 kg, P < 0.0001). ΔBW was positively correlated with ΔFat (β = 0.03, P = 0.003), but not correlated with origin, ΔF, or ΔV. ΔBW was negatively associated with education (β = –4.33, P = 0.007) and positively associated with length of residence (β = 0.3, P = 0.003). Partial models indicated ΔF (β = –1.35, P β = –1.04, P = 0.0001), and ΔFV (β = –2.27, P < 0.0001) were associated with origin, whereas net annual household income (β = 0.16, P = 0.04) was positively associated with ΔFat. Conclusions: Change in body weight could be predicted by length of residence, education, and change in fat intake in Mexican immigrant women and native-born Quebecers whereas changes in fruit and vegetable intakes could be predicted by Mexican or Quebec origin.展开更多
为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成...为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成分(PCA)模型分析结果显示3个时期平菇菌丝体中的代谢产物具有明显差异。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)>1和差异倍数值(fold change)≥2或≤0.5为条件对MM vs MP、MM vs MF和MP vs MF中的差异代谢物进行比较分析,分别获得139个、147个和67个差异代谢物,变化倍数最大的物质包括氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、生物碱、有机酸等,说明这些差异代谢物对平菇子实体发育具有重要影响。KEGG分析表明,苯丙氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢等20条代谢通路表现活跃。在子实体发育过程中,脂质、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、氨基酸及其衍生物之间明显相关。以上研究结果为平菇子实体发育机制和标准化栽培提供了理论依据。展开更多
为了探究草菇子实体多肽(Volvariella volvacea fruit body polypeptides,VVFP)对模型小鼠急性酒精肝预防作用及肠道菌群的影响,以先前获得的VVFP(分子质量1~3 kDa)为材料灌胃小鼠,将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、多肽低剂...为了探究草菇子实体多肽(Volvariella volvacea fruit body polypeptides,VVFP)对模型小鼠急性酒精肝预防作用及肠道菌群的影响,以先前获得的VVFP(分子质量1~3 kDa)为材料灌胃小鼠,将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、多肽低剂量组、多肽中剂量组、多肽高剂量组,比较各组小鼠的血清和肝脏指标以及组织病理切片,利用16S rDNA基因高通量测序分析各样品中微生物菌群的生物多样性以及在门和属水平上的相对丰度。结果表明,与模型组相比,VVFP能够极显著降低血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平和肝脏中丙二醛的含量,并且降低肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6炎症因子水平,同时明显提高肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性。16S rDNA基因高通量测序结果表明,VVFP可以使小鼠肠道菌群中α多样性的Chao1指数和Observed_species指数明显降低,Shannon指数升高,并可通过调节拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、链霉菌属、乳酸杆菌属和弧菌属的丰度从而减轻小鼠肝脏的损伤程度。综上,VVFP可以减轻酒精引起的肝损伤,本研究可为多肽在功能食品领域的应用提供理论参考。展开更多
α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein content of fruits in 53 citrus cultivars were determined using HPLC. In both peel and pulp of citrus fruit, the major carotenoids were lutein...α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein content of fruits in 53 citrus cultivars were determined using HPLC. In both peel and pulp of citrus fruit, the major carotenoids were lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin. β-carotene content was relatively low and extremely low was the amount of α-carotene. Among the 53 cultivars tested, lycopene was detected only in pulp of Cara Cara navel orange. Carotenoid content in both peel and pulp of citrus fruit was the highest in Citrus reticulata Blanco and lowest in Citrus grandis Osbeck. Consequently, as far as the health protection value is considered, fruit of Citrus reticulata Blanco ranks probably higher than other citrus fruits. In fruit of most Citrus reticulata varities, β-cryptoxanthin was the main carotenoid component in pulp and its amount approximated that of lutein in peel. Content of lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin in peel was about 2.515 times that in pulp on the basis of fresh weight. Thus peel was inferred to be the principal location for the carotenoid stock in citrus fruit.展开更多
Crude polysaccharide and triterpene levels were determined in the fruit bodies of eleven Lingzhi samples,designated as Ganoderma lucidum,G.capense and G.tsugae,harvested at four different stages of development: buddin...Crude polysaccharide and triterpene levels were determined in the fruit bodies of eleven Lingzhi samples,designated as Ganoderma lucidum,G.capense and G.tsugae,harvested at four different stages of development: budding,elongation,maturation and senescence.In most cases,crude polysaccharide levels were highest at the budding stage,decreased during the elongation stage,increased again at maturation and were lowest at senescence.Triterpene levels generally remained relatively high during the first three developmental stages but were markedly lower at senescence.展开更多
Editor’s notes: In 2002 key popularized plan of China national sci-tech fruits, four belong to Qingdao city including Hisenses three fruits, astonishing all personnel inside and outside the trade. The three fruits ar...Editor’s notes: In 2002 key popularized plan of China national sci-tech fruits, four belong to Qingdao city including Hisenses three fruits, astonishing all personnel inside and outside the trade. The three fruits are KFR- (25G + 45L) W/BP frequency conversion 1 +2 airconditioner, commercial decision support system. Hisenses commercial guidance medium-to-small commercial management system. As a traditional household electrical appliances enterprise of 3C targets (household electrical appliances, telecommunications展开更多
文摘Thirty-five fruits and seventeen vegetables from Martinique were evaluated for total phenol content (TPC), Vitamin C and carotenoid content. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents ranged from 11.7 to 978.6 mg/100g, 0.1 to 2853.8 mg/100g and 9.7 to 9269.7 μg/100g respectively. Fruits and vegetables from Martinique have equivalent or higher TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents than fruits and vegetables from temperate climates. Cashew apple had high values for all three parameters (55.8 mg/100g of Vitamin C, 603 mg/100g of TPC and 924 μg/100g of carotenoids). Bassignac mango and mamey apple had the highest carotenoid contents, with 3800.3 and 3199.7 μg/100g respectively. Acerola had the highest Vitamin C and polyphenol contents with 2853.8 μg/100g and 727.4 mg/100g respectively. Pigeon peas had high values for all three parameters (569.2 mg/100g of Vitamin C, 978.6 mg/100g of TPC and 364.3 μg/100g of carotenoids). Pumpkin and watercress had the highest carotenoid content, with 9269.7 and 4339 μg/100g respectively. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid content were significantly impacted by processing techniques. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents decreased by up to 75.78%, 100% and 70.18% respectively, depending on the processing technique used.
文摘This study was carried out to detect the favorable mycelial growth conditions and effect of electric pulse stimulation on fruit body production of SC-1 strain of Sparassis crispa. The optimum growth in PDA was found at 25°C (67 mm colony diameter in 28 days) followed by 20°C (63 mm colony diameter in 28 days). There was no mycelial growth at 35°C. The most favourable initial media pH range was found to be 5 - 7 and colony diameter measurements were not statistically different among these pH values (p > 0.05). However, the highest growth was obtained at pH 6 (57 mm colony diameter in 28 days). A basal medium composed of 0.05 g MgSO4, 0.46 g KH2PO4, 1.0 g K2HPO4, 120 μg thiamine-HCl, 20 g agar and 1000 ml of distilled water was used to investigate growth response of S. crispato different carbon and nitrogen sources. In 28 days, fructose and glucose exhibited best growth (49.4 mm and 31.6 mm colony diameters respectively) and there was no growth on the basal medium supplemented with galactose. Basal medium supplemented with glycine and alanine as nitrogen sources resulted in best growth, 54.4 mm and 50.5 mm colony diameters respectively. There was no mycelial growth in culture medium supplemented with ammonium acetate, ammonium phosphate, arginine and histidine. Electric pulse stimulation improved the fruiting body production. The yields obtained from all bottles in which electric pulse was applied were significantly higher than the yields from the bottles in which electric pulse was not applied. The percent increases of fresh weight yield from control on 100, 120, 130, and 170 kilovolts were 36%, 44%, 75% and 81% respectively. As regard to dry weight yield, the percent increases from control on 100, 120, 130, and 170 kilovolts were 27%, 54%, 63% and 67% respectively.
文摘The objective of the present study was to identify dietary parameters for predicting body weight change (ΔBW) in Mexican-born women (Mexicans) following immigration to Quebec City, Canada. Methods: Changes in fruit (ΔF), vegetable (ΔV), fruit and vegetable (ΔFV), and fat (ΔFat) intake were assessed according to post-immigration periods (1-5 years, 6-10 years, 11-20 years) using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measures were also conducted in 87 Mexicans (study group) and 88 native-born Quebecers (comparison group) aged 18-65 years. Associations were calculated using full and partial robust regression models adjusting for potential confounders (origin, education, income, age, length of residence in Quebec City). Results: There was no difference in ΔBW between the groups. Body weight (BW) increased significantly in both Mexican (5.5 ± 0.9 kg, P < 0.0001) and Quebec women (4.7 ± 0.8 kg, P < 0.0001). ΔBW was positively correlated with ΔFat (β = 0.03, P = 0.003), but not correlated with origin, ΔF, or ΔV. ΔBW was negatively associated with education (β = –4.33, P = 0.007) and positively associated with length of residence (β = 0.3, P = 0.003). Partial models indicated ΔF (β = –1.35, P β = –1.04, P = 0.0001), and ΔFV (β = –2.27, P < 0.0001) were associated with origin, whereas net annual household income (β = 0.16, P = 0.04) was positively associated with ΔFat. Conclusions: Change in body weight could be predicted by length of residence, education, and change in fat intake in Mexican immigrant women and native-born Quebecers whereas changes in fruit and vegetable intakes could be predicted by Mexican or Quebec origin.
文摘为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成分(PCA)模型分析结果显示3个时期平菇菌丝体中的代谢产物具有明显差异。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)>1和差异倍数值(fold change)≥2或≤0.5为条件对MM vs MP、MM vs MF和MP vs MF中的差异代谢物进行比较分析,分别获得139个、147个和67个差异代谢物,变化倍数最大的物质包括氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、生物碱、有机酸等,说明这些差异代谢物对平菇子实体发育具有重要影响。KEGG分析表明,苯丙氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢等20条代谢通路表现活跃。在子实体发育过程中,脂质、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、氨基酸及其衍生物之间明显相关。以上研究结果为平菇子实体发育机制和标准化栽培提供了理论依据。
文摘为了探究草菇子实体多肽(Volvariella volvacea fruit body polypeptides,VVFP)对模型小鼠急性酒精肝预防作用及肠道菌群的影响,以先前获得的VVFP(分子质量1~3 kDa)为材料灌胃小鼠,将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性对照组、多肽低剂量组、多肽中剂量组、多肽高剂量组,比较各组小鼠的血清和肝脏指标以及组织病理切片,利用16S rDNA基因高通量测序分析各样品中微生物菌群的生物多样性以及在门和属水平上的相对丰度。结果表明,与模型组相比,VVFP能够极显著降低血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶水平和肝脏中丙二醛的含量,并且降低肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6炎症因子水平,同时明显提高肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性。16S rDNA基因高通量测序结果表明,VVFP可以使小鼠肠道菌群中α多样性的Chao1指数和Observed_species指数明显降低,Shannon指数升高,并可通过调节拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、链霉菌属、乳酸杆菌属和弧菌属的丰度从而减轻小鼠肝脏的损伤程度。综上,VVFP可以减轻酒精引起的肝损伤,本研究可为多肽在功能食品领域的应用提供理论参考。
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(39730340)
文摘α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein content of fruits in 53 citrus cultivars were determined using HPLC. In both peel and pulp of citrus fruit, the major carotenoids were lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin. β-carotene content was relatively low and extremely low was the amount of α-carotene. Among the 53 cultivars tested, lycopene was detected only in pulp of Cara Cara navel orange. Carotenoid content in both peel and pulp of citrus fruit was the highest in Citrus reticulata Blanco and lowest in Citrus grandis Osbeck. Consequently, as far as the health protection value is considered, fruit of Citrus reticulata Blanco ranks probably higher than other citrus fruits. In fruit of most Citrus reticulata varities, β-cryptoxanthin was the main carotenoid component in pulp and its amount approximated that of lutein in peel. Content of lutein, zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin in peel was about 2.515 times that in pulp on the basis of fresh weight. Thus peel was inferred to be the principal location for the carotenoid stock in citrus fruit.
基金Key Technologies R&D Programs of Zhejiang Province(No.2006E20020)Key Program of Zhejiang Academy of Forestry Science(N.2007F10004,2007C22069,2006C22079)
文摘Crude polysaccharide and triterpene levels were determined in the fruit bodies of eleven Lingzhi samples,designated as Ganoderma lucidum,G.capense and G.tsugae,harvested at four different stages of development: budding,elongation,maturation and senescence.In most cases,crude polysaccharide levels were highest at the budding stage,decreased during the elongation stage,increased again at maturation and were lowest at senescence.Triterpene levels generally remained relatively high during the first three developmental stages but were markedly lower at senescence.
文摘Editor’s notes: In 2002 key popularized plan of China national sci-tech fruits, four belong to Qingdao city including Hisenses three fruits, astonishing all personnel inside and outside the trade. The three fruits are KFR- (25G + 45L) W/BP frequency conversion 1 +2 airconditioner, commercial decision support system. Hisenses commercial guidance medium-to-small commercial management system. As a traditional household electrical appliances enterprise of 3C targets (household electrical appliances, telecommunications
