This project intends to study and discuss the teaching method of programming languages through an iterative case-driven model, to break through the traditional syntax-based teaching method so that students can activel...This project intends to study and discuss the teaching method of programming languages through an iterative case-driven model, to break through the traditional syntax-based teaching method so that students can actively participate in the case analysis and design which are closely related to enterprise applications. The purpose of teaching is achieved through the gradual iterative case-driven model. This project can form the best practice for the iterative case teaching method and promote programming language course innovation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bile duct cancer constitutes gallbladder cancer(GBC),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICA),and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ECA).These three entities show morphological and immunohistochemical resemblance...BACKGROUND Bile duct cancer constitutes gallbladder cancer(GBC),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICA),and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ECA).These three entities show morphological and immunohistochemical resemblance so that it is difficult to differentiate between primary ICA and liver metastasis of GBC,which sometimes becomes a point of discussion in clinical practice.Although these cancers demonstrate significant differences in their mutational landscape,several reports demonstrated shared genomic alteration in paired primary and metastatic site aids in distinguishing metastatic recurrence from second primary cancers.CASE SUMMARY We present a 73-year-old female patient who underwent curative resection for GBC harboring epidermal growth factor receptor 2(ERBB2)activating mutation on next-generation sequencing(NGS)-based genomic testing.One year later,a hepatic lesion was observed on follow-up imaging and she underwent surgical resection for a pathological diagnosis.The histological findings of the hepatic lesion were similar to those of the primary lesion.Additionally,using NGS panel testing,the hepatic lesion was found to have ERBB2 activating mutation,which is the identical mutation detected in the sequencing result of the primary site.ERBB2 activating mutation occurs more frequently in GBC than ICA and ECA.Therefore,in the present case,we think this molecular finding potentiated the diagnosis of the liver mass toward a metastatic recurrence.Additionally,this patient underwent HER2-targeted treatment with lapatinib in combination with capecitabin and obtained clinical benefit.CONCLUSION This case illustrated NGS panel usefulness in distinguishing GBC recurrence from second primary cancer and HER2-targeted agent efficacy on ERBB2 mutated GBC.展开更多
文摘This project intends to study and discuss the teaching method of programming languages through an iterative case-driven model, to break through the traditional syntax-based teaching method so that students can actively participate in the case analysis and design which are closely related to enterprise applications. The purpose of teaching is achieved through the gradual iterative case-driven model. This project can form the best practice for the iterative case teaching method and promote programming language course innovation.
文摘BACKGROUND Bile duct cancer constitutes gallbladder cancer(GBC),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICA),and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ECA).These three entities show morphological and immunohistochemical resemblance so that it is difficult to differentiate between primary ICA and liver metastasis of GBC,which sometimes becomes a point of discussion in clinical practice.Although these cancers demonstrate significant differences in their mutational landscape,several reports demonstrated shared genomic alteration in paired primary and metastatic site aids in distinguishing metastatic recurrence from second primary cancers.CASE SUMMARY We present a 73-year-old female patient who underwent curative resection for GBC harboring epidermal growth factor receptor 2(ERBB2)activating mutation on next-generation sequencing(NGS)-based genomic testing.One year later,a hepatic lesion was observed on follow-up imaging and she underwent surgical resection for a pathological diagnosis.The histological findings of the hepatic lesion were similar to those of the primary lesion.Additionally,using NGS panel testing,the hepatic lesion was found to have ERBB2 activating mutation,which is the identical mutation detected in the sequencing result of the primary site.ERBB2 activating mutation occurs more frequently in GBC than ICA and ECA.Therefore,in the present case,we think this molecular finding potentiated the diagnosis of the liver mass toward a metastatic recurrence.Additionally,this patient underwent HER2-targeted treatment with lapatinib in combination with capecitabin and obtained clinical benefit.CONCLUSION This case illustrated NGS panel usefulness in distinguishing GBC recurrence from second primary cancer and HER2-targeted agent efficacy on ERBB2 mutated GBC.
