In this study, we examined the varia- tions between the difference method and the enzyme- hydrolyzed casein method for determining endogenous amino acid loss and the true amino acid digestibility in ducks fed normal p...In this study, we examined the varia- tions between the difference method and the enzyme- hydrolyzed casein method for determining endogenous amino acid loss and the true amino acid digestibility in ducks fed normal protein-containing diets. These methods were compared to the nitrogen-free （N-free） diet method. The difference method was based on soy- bean meal as the only protein source, with the experi- mental diets containing crude protein levels at 15% and 20%. The enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method was based on enzyme-hydrolyzed casein meal as the pro- tein source, with the experimental diet containing a crude protein level of 17.5%. The N-free diet was prepared with starches and paper fibers. In each meth- od,64 Tianfu meat drakes （7-weeks-old） with an av- erage body weight of 2.77±0.16 kg were used and divided into four groups, and fed four different diets. Each group contained four replicates of four drakes and they were force fed trial diets according to the Sirbald method for detecting their apparent amino aciddigestibility, endogenous amino acid loss and true a- mino acid digestibility. The results demonstrated that using the difference, enzyme-hydrolyzed casein and N-free diet methods, endogenous amino acid losses were 0. 9946,1. 2243 and 0. 9297 mg/g dry matter in- take （ DMI）, respectively. The true amino acid digest- ibility measured by the difference method was 88.93 %±4.43 %. Using the enzyme-hydrolyzed ca- sein method with two dietary crude protein levels of 15% and 20%, the digestibility was 91.15%±4.33% and 91.97%±4. 16%, respectively, and by the N-free diet methods with two dietary crude protein levels of 15% and 20% ,it was 88.55%±4.29% and 88.82 %±4.61%, respectively. The results suggested that when the dietary protein level was 15% to 20 %, the true amino acid digestibility and endogenous ami- no acid loss as determined by the difference method was more accurate than the values determined by the enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method.展开更多
为筛选κ-酪蛋白优势基因型,本研究设计4个SNP位点,利用基因组检测已知CSN3基因型的13头牛,采集抗凝血,提取基因组DNA,采用竞争性等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应(Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR,KASP)对样本进行分型,CSN3基因有AA、BB...为筛选κ-酪蛋白优势基因型,本研究设计4个SNP位点,利用基因组检测已知CSN3基因型的13头牛,采集抗凝血,提取基因组DNA,采用竞争性等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应(Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR,KASP)对样本进行分型,CSN3基因有AA、BB、EE、AB、AE、BE六种基因型。本研究实现了对北京地区213头荷斯坦种公牛及1003头母牛中CSN3三种常见变异体的全面筛选,从育种角度出发,基于κ-酪蛋白不同基因型与奶酪生产的产量和质量相关性,利用分子检测方法筛选与优良性状的优势基因型,发掘荷斯坦牛特色优质种质资源,为牧场选择合适的荷斯坦牛,提高乳蛋白率,从种源解决相关领域的技术瓶颈。展开更多
文摘In this study, we examined the varia- tions between the difference method and the enzyme- hydrolyzed casein method for determining endogenous amino acid loss and the true amino acid digestibility in ducks fed normal protein-containing diets. These methods were compared to the nitrogen-free （N-free） diet method. The difference method was based on soy- bean meal as the only protein source, with the experi- mental diets containing crude protein levels at 15% and 20%. The enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method was based on enzyme-hydrolyzed casein meal as the pro- tein source, with the experimental diet containing a crude protein level of 17.5%. The N-free diet was prepared with starches and paper fibers. In each meth- od,64 Tianfu meat drakes （7-weeks-old） with an av- erage body weight of 2.77±0.16 kg were used and divided into four groups, and fed four different diets. Each group contained four replicates of four drakes and they were force fed trial diets according to the Sirbald method for detecting their apparent amino aciddigestibility, endogenous amino acid loss and true a- mino acid digestibility. The results demonstrated that using the difference, enzyme-hydrolyzed casein and N-free diet methods, endogenous amino acid losses were 0. 9946,1. 2243 and 0. 9297 mg/g dry matter in- take （ DMI）, respectively. The true amino acid digest- ibility measured by the difference method was 88.93 %±4.43 %. Using the enzyme-hydrolyzed ca- sein method with two dietary crude protein levels of 15% and 20%, the digestibility was 91.15%±4.33% and 91.97%±4. 16%, respectively, and by the N-free diet methods with two dietary crude protein levels of 15% and 20% ,it was 88.55%±4.29% and 88.82 %±4.61%, respectively. The results suggested that when the dietary protein level was 15% to 20 %, the true amino acid digestibility and endogenous ami- no acid loss as determined by the difference method was more accurate than the values determined by the enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method.
文摘为筛选κ-酪蛋白优势基因型,本研究设计4个SNP位点,利用基因组检测已知CSN3基因型的13头牛,采集抗凝血,提取基因组DNA,采用竞争性等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应(Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR,KASP)对样本进行分型,CSN3基因有AA、BB、EE、AB、AE、BE六种基因型。本研究实现了对北京地区213头荷斯坦种公牛及1003头母牛中CSN3三种常见变异体的全面筛选,从育种角度出发,基于κ-酪蛋白不同基因型与奶酪生产的产量和质量相关性,利用分子检测方法筛选与优良性状的优势基因型,发掘荷斯坦牛特色优质种质资源,为牧场选择合适的荷斯坦牛,提高乳蛋白率,从种源解决相关领域的技术瓶颈。
