The Study of G6PD in Erythrocyte and Lens in Senile and Presenile Cataract

The G6PD activity of erythrocytes in 113 male patients with senile and presenile cataract and 86 controls, and G6PD activity of lens in 30 patients with senile cataract and 42 controls were reported. The cataractous group had higher frequency of G6PD deficiency and lower average G6PD level in erythrocytes and lenses, but with out statistical significance. The frequency of G6PD deficiency of erythrocytes in presenile cataractous group was higher than that of senile cataractous group but with no statistic...

Diagnosis related group grouping study of senile cataract patients based on E-CHAID algorithm

AIM： To figure out the contributed factors of the hospitalization expenses of senile cataract patients（HECP） and build up an area-specified senile cataract diagnosis related group（DRG） of Shanghai thereby formulating the reference range of HECP and providing scientific basis for the fair use and supervision of the health care insurance fund.METHODS： The data was collected from the first page of the medical records of 22 097 hospitalized patients from tertiary hospitals in Shanghai from 2010 to 2012 whose major diagnosis were senile cataract. Firstly, we analyzed the influence factors of HECP using univariate and multivariate analysis. DRG grouping was conducted according to the exhaustive Chi-squared automatic interaction detector（E-CHAID） model, using HECP as target variable. Finally we evaluated the grouping results using non-parametric test such as Kruskal-Wallis H test, RIV, CV, etc.RESULTS： The 6 DRGs were established as well as criterion of HECP, using age, sex, type of surgery and whether complications/comorbidities occurred as the key variables of classification node of senile cataract cases.CONCLUSION： The grouping of senile cataract cases based on E-CHAID algorithm is reasonable. And the criterion of HECP based on DRG can provide a feasible way of management in the fair use and supervision of medical insurance fund.

Sensory exotropia subsequent to senile cataract

To evaluate the phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in patients with sensory exotropia subsequent to senile cataract. The authors prospectively studied the role of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation on 25 patients by observing visual acuity, ocular alignment, binocular vision and diplopia pre-, 1 month post- and 3 months post-operation. The patients underwent follow-up for three months. Postoperatively, one patient had a corrected visual acuity of 20/50, and 24 patients had 20/40 or better. The ocular alignment, binocular vision and diplopia were resolved spontaneously. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation performed together is effective on sensory exotropia subsequent to senile cataract.

Ten-year Etiologic Review of Chinese Children Hospitalized for Pediatric Cataracts

Purpose:Our aim was to obtain a better understanding of the etiologies and characteristics of pediatric cataracts treated at a single facility in China.Methods:.Medical records accrued over a 10-year period(from August, 2003 to July, 2013) at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were reviewed retrospectively,ide ntifying all patients treated for various subtypes of pediatric cataract..A database with 367 subjects under 14 years of age(598, including second-round surgeries) was generated.Results:.Of this cohort(n =367; males: 232, 63.2%; females: 135, 36.8%), 200 patients(54.5%) had bilateral cataracts,and 258(70.3%) were under 3 years of age. In all age groups and in all subtypes of pediatric cataract,.males were most commonly affected..Congenital cataract was the most prevalent subtype, accounting for 296 patients(80.7%). Most congenital cataracts were associated with other ocular or systemic abnormalities;.and in 48 patients(16.22%),.they were hereditary..Traumatic cataract was the most common subtype(85.92%) of acquired cataract. The few instances of cataracts due to steroids(n=3) or to metabolic disorders(n=2) occurred in males and involved both eyes.Conclusion: The majority of pediatric cataracts in this patient population were congenital in nature. A significant lag in ophthalmologic evaluation of Chinese infants was evident and should be addressed by educating both children and parents on risk factors for cataract development. Regular assessments are especially important in children subjected to long-term systemic steroid treatments.

Spontaneous Resolution of Cataract and Medical Management of Corneal Opacity in an Indian Parrot—<i>Psittacula krameri manillensis</i>

A 35-year-old Indian parrot (Psittacula krameri manillensis) was presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences with a history of blepharospasm and corneal lesion OS. Test with fluorescein dye was negative. The dense corneal opacity (macula) was identified as involving the posterior corneal layer. The further ophthalmic examination was done and hypermature phacolytic cataract was diagnosed. No other abnormality was detected. Medical management with topical nepafenac prednisolone and triple antibiotic was instituted. The corneal lesion subsided completely within one week followed by spontaneous resorption of the cataract. The treatment protocol was successfully eliminated the discomfort and intraocular lesions in the senile parrot.

Clinical Study on Early Senile Cataract Treated by Shezhu Mingmu Powder(麝珠明目散)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of Shezhu Mingmu Powder (SZMMP) in treatment of early senile cataract. Methods: A comparison was made between the treatment group, 162 eyes of 92 cases of early senile cataract treated by SZMMP, and the control group, 57 eyes of 30 cases treated by drops baineitini.The treatment periods were one to three months. Results: The total effective rate for the treatment group was79. 01 % and the rate of obvious improvement was 25. 31 %. In the treatment group both rateswere clearly higher than the rates (36. 84 % and 7. 02 % ) of the control group. After 4 to 8 months' following up, treatment of 42 cases showed that most of them reached the best curative effect within 1 to 3 months. Conclusion: SZMMP is obviously effective in improving visual acuity of early senile cataract, but the lens opacity was not changed.

The statusquo and advances in categorization of congenital cataract

Congenital cataract(CC)is one of the most common causes of pediatric visual impairment.As our understanding of CC's etiology,clinical manifestations,and pathogenic genes deepens,various CC categorization systems based on different classification criteria have been proposed.Regrettably,the application of the CC category in clinical practice and scientific research is limited.It is challenging to obtain precise information that could guide the timely treatment decision-making for pediatric cataract patients or predict their prognosis from a specific CC classification.This review aims to discuss the status quo of CC categorization systems and the potential directions for future research in this field,focusing on categorization principles and scientific application in clinical practice.Additionally,it aims to propose the potential directions for future research in this domain.

老年骨质疏松症病因病机及防治概述

随着中国社会人口老龄化情况加剧,老年骨质疏松症的防治已经成为亟待解决的问题。文章系统、全面地阐述了中医对老年骨质疏松症的认识,包括病名、病因病机、辨证分型等多个方面,该病在中医属于“骨痹”“骨痿”“骨枯”等范畴,是指随着年龄增长,肢体筋脉痹阻萎软,骨量减少,骨骼空虚而发生的疾病,是内外因综合作用的结果。通过查阅相关文献,文章总结了近年来中医药防治老年骨质疏松症的研究概况,认为中医药在老年骨质疏松症的防治方面具有独特优势,能够改善患者临床症状,增加骨量,降低骨折风险,提高老年人的生活质量,并为现代中医药防治老年骨质疏松症提供更多的理论依据。

术前情绪释放技术干预法在老年性白内障手术患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨术前情绪释放技术(EFT)干预法在老年性白内障手术患者中的应用效果。方法 选择2019年1月至2022年12月河北省沧州市人民医院收治的100例老年性白内障手术患者,根据随机数字表法将其分为甲组和乙组,每组50例。甲组采用常规护理,乙组在甲组基础上行术前EFT干预法。观察两组情绪状态及生理应激反应变化。结果 干预后,两组正性负性情绪量表中正性情绪评分均高于干预前,负性情绪评分低于干预前,且乙组正性情绪评分高于甲组,负性情绪评分低于甲组(P<0.05);干预后,两组收缩压、舒张压及心率水平均低于干预前,且乙组低于甲组(P<0.05)。结论 术前EFT干预法能够缓解老年性白内障手术患者负性情绪,并可减轻其生理应激反应。

2.2 mm角膜微切口白内障超声乳化术治疗老年白内障的临床效果

目的探究2.2 mm角膜微切口白内障超声乳化术治疗老年白内障的效果及对角膜内皮功能、并发症发生率的影响。方法以2020年3月至2022年3月期间收治的113例老年白内障患者为研究对象,均行白内障超声乳化术治疗,根据切口大小将患者分为2.2 mm组(55例)及常规组(58例)。比较两组手术相关指标及手术前后视力恢复情况,对患者手术前后角膜切口内外口处厚度、角膜内皮细胞功能、角膜生理指标及泪膜功能进行分析评估,并统计患者术后一过性高眼压、角膜水肿的并发症发生率。结果2.2 mm组术后7 d裸眼远视力、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)的LogMAR值及角膜散光值小于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2.2 mm组术后1 d、7 d切口外口处角膜厚度及术后1 d的切口内口处厚度小于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2.2 mm组术后7 d的角膜内皮细胞(CECs)密度及六角形细胞比例大于常规组,CECs变异系数小于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2.2 mm组术后7 d的角膜阻力因数(CRF)大于常规组,Goldmann相关眼压(IOPg)及角膜补偿眼压(IOPcc)高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2.2 mm组术后7 d的泪膜破裂时间(BUT)长于常规组,基础泪液分泌试验(ST-Ⅱ)值小于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2.2 mm组并发症发生率为1.82%(一过性高眼压1例),常规组并发症发生率为3.39%(一过性高眼压1例、角膜水肿1例),两组并发症发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论2.2 mm角膜微切口白内障超声乳化术治疗老年白内障,可有效提高患者术后视力,促进角膜切口愈合,并能改善角膜内皮细胞功能及泪膜功能。

基于“无虚不作眩”论治老年性高血压

传统中医学无高血压病名,根据其表现出来的临床症状及病情发展过程,归属于中医学“眩晕病”之类病证范畴。老年人眩晕多由年老体弱、久病劳累等因素引起,老年眩晕症的根本病机是阴阳亏虚、脏腑功能紊乱,与肝、脾、肾、心等脏密切相关,故其治疗当以治虚为主,而酌兼治其标。文章基于“无虚不作眩”理论,阐述老年性高血压的病因病机及其辨证论治,以进一步为中医药治疗老年性高血压提供思路,减少各类心血管事件的发生。

延续性护理对2型糖尿病合并老年白内障患者术后的效果评价

目的探究延续性护理应用于2型糖尿病合并老年白内障术后患者中的效果。方法选取2022年3月—2023年3月莒县中医医院眼耳鼻喉科收治的72例2型糖尿病合并老年白内障术后患者为研究对象,根据不同的护理方法分为对照组(n=36)和研究组(n=36),对照组实施常规出院指导,研究组实施延续性护理,比较两组血糖水平(糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖)、自我护理能力评分、生活质量评分(生理职能、心理职能、社会职能、总体健康)。结果研究组糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组自我护理能力评分、生活质量评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论延续性护理应用于2型糖尿病合并老年白内障术后患者中,血糖水平控制效果更佳,且自我护理能力、生活质量有明显提升。

老年性白内障日间手术手术室护理质量指标的构建

目的:构建科学、敏感、可量化的老年性白内障日间手术手术室单病种护理质量指标。方法:成立课题研究小组,以“结构-过程-结果”三维理论为基础,结合半结构访谈、文献回顾的方法,由课题小组讨论、分析各种影响因素,采用德尔菲法经过两轮专家函询,形成护理质量指标框架,并进行指标筛选和权重分析。结果:初步构建了以“结构”“过程”“结果”3项一级指标为基础,包括人力资源、组织管理、设施布局、培训考核、护理评估、安全管理、感染控制、物资管理、护理服务、护理质量缺陷、患者感受、健康教育12项二级指标以及58项三级指标的老年性白内障日间手术手术室护理质量指标。结论:构建的老年性白内障日间手术手术室单病种护理质量指标能够系统、全面地评价手术室的护理质量,为临床评价白内障日间手术的手术室护理质量提供依据。

老年性白内障患者术后发生感染性眼内炎的危险因素分析

目的:分析老年性白内障患者术后发生感染性眼内炎的危险因素,并提出相应的护理对策。方法:回顾性分析2020年5月—2022年4月福建医科大学附属第二医院眼科收治的178例老年性白内障患者的临床资料,采取单因素和多因素logistic回归分析老年性白内障患者术后发生感染性眼内炎的危险因素,并提出针对性护理对策。结果:178例患者中,共有20例(11.24%)术后发生感染性眼内炎,其中年龄>70岁、血清白蛋白水平<35 g/L、合并糖尿病、有开放性眼球外伤、有术中玻璃体溢出、手术时间>15 min是术后发生感染性眼内炎的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:老年性白内障患者在行手术治疗后,会受年龄、血清白蛋白水平、合并糖尿病、手术时间、开放性眼球外伤和术中玻璃体溢出的影响,发生感染性眼内炎。

按病因分类的白内障动物模型制作现状

白内障是目前导致患者视力下降甚至失明的主要原因之一,而手术仍是其唯一有效的解决方式,其发病机制及有效的预防手段依旧是眼科研究的热点问题。近年来随着生物技术的成熟,白内障动物模型的造模方式更加多样,实验动物的物种更加丰富,动物模型依然是研究白内障机制的中流砥柱,但人类白内障的病因复杂,目前尚未构建出理想的白内障动物模型。故本文按病因分类,就不同病因所致白内障动物模型的造模原理、体内和体外造模方式、特点及存在的问题进行了整理,为构建更贴近人类白内障的综合动物模型提供理论基础。

老年性白内障患者血清及房水中SOD、MDA表达与后囊膜混浊的关系

目的探究老年性白内障患者血清及房水中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)表达与后囊膜混浊的关系。方法选取2017年5月至2021年4月我院收治的200例(200眼)老年性白内障患者作为观察组,另选取同期健康体检者60名(60眼)作为对照组。比较两组受检者血清及房水中SOD、MDA表达,并评价受检者血清及房水中SOD、MDA对老年性白内障的诊断价值,分析老年性白内障患者术后后囊膜混浊发病的影响因素。结果观察组患者血清及房水中SOD表达均较对照组低,血清及房水中MDA表达均较对照组高(均为P<0.05)。血清及房水中SOD、MDA联合诊断老年性白内障的AUC最大,为0.914(95%CI:0.873~0.945),敏感度为86.67%,特异度为82.00%。年龄,人工晶状体材料,血清及房水中SOD、MDA含量手术前后差值绝对值均为老年性白内障患者术后后囊膜混浊发生的独立影响因素(均为P<0.05)。结论老年性白内障患者血清及房水中SOD、MDA含量均存在一定变化,检测其表达水平,可为疾病诊断及术后后囊膜混浊预测提供参考依据。

多形式化健康教育模式在老年性白内障手术护理中的实施效果分析

目的探讨老年性白内障手术患者实施多形式化健康教育模式的临床效果。方法随机选取2021年10月—2022年10月菏泽医学专科学校附属医院收治的90例老年性白内障手术患者作为研究对象,基于“随机数表法”规范化分组处理,划分为对照组(实行常规健康教育)与观察组(实行多形式化健康教育模式),各纳入45例。观察对比两组焦虑抑郁程度、健康知识掌握程度、生活质量、患者满意度。结果干预后,两组SAS、SDS评分均降低,且观察组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组健康知识(入院须知、白内障基础知识、手术配合、术后护理及注意事项)掌握程度评分均较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组SF-36评分均大幅度升高,且观察组相对更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组护理满意度为95.56%,高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.074,P<0.05)。结论老年性白内障手术患者实行多形式化健康教育模式,可显著提高健康知识认知度,并缓解焦虑抑郁等负性情绪,以强化治疗依从性,继而实现提高生活质量、改善预后的干预目标。

健康教育与认知行为干预对老年性白内障患者术前焦虑及睡眠质量的影响

目的:探究术前健康教育结合认知行为干预对老年性白内障患者术前焦虑及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2021年9月至2023年3月于福建省晋江市医院接受手术治疗的老年性白内障患者100例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为观察组与对照组,每组50例。对照组接受常规护理干预,观察组接受术前健康教育结合认知行为干预。对2组患者干预前后焦虑抑郁情绪、睡眠质量、自我效能等的评分、护理满意度进行比较。结果:护理前,2组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、睡眠障碍量表(SDRS)、自我效能评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),护理后,观察组患者SAS、SDS、SDRS评分均低于对照组(均P<0.05),自我效能评分高于对照组(P<0.05),同时观察组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对老年性白内障患者手术治疗患者开展术前健康教育联合认知行为干预可以显著缓解其焦虑抑郁情绪,提高患者自我效能水平和睡眠质量,并能提高其护理满意度,具有一定的推广应用价值。

老年衰弱综合征发病的中西医研究进展

衰弱是常见的老年综合征,与老年人发生跌倒、住院、失能、死亡等不良后果的风险增加密切相关,发病率逐年上升,是老年医学领域研究的热点之一。现代医学认为其发病可能有激素水平改变、慢性炎症、免疫功能失调、氧化应激和线粒体DNA改变等机制,发生与人口学特征、社会经济因素、遗传因素、疾病与多重用药、精神心理因素、营养不良和生活方式等方面有关。中医学根据其临床表现,多归属于“虚劳”“痿证”范畴,各学者对其病因病机有独到的见解,但总以虚衰为主。从西医方面探讨衰弱发病的危险因素和发病机制,中医方面阐述归纳了衰弱的病因病机,以期为早期识别和临床防治老年衰弱提供理论参考。

引导式想象放松结合授权教育对高龄老年性白内障手术患者预后的影响

目的 探讨引导式想象放松结合授权教育对高龄老年性白内障手术患者视力恢复、负性情绪及生理应激反应的影响。方法 按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则将医院2020年10月—2021年10月收治的125例高龄老年性白内障手术患者分为对照组和观察组,对照组62例给予授权教育干预,观察组63例在对照组基础上结合引导式想象放松训练。观察两组患者视力恢复情况、负性情绪、生理应激反应以及并发症发生情况。结果 干预后,观察组视力恢复情况优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组负性情绪评分低于对照组,正性情绪评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组收缩压、心率以及皮质醇均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率(7.91%)低于对照组(21.54%)(P<0.05)。结论 引导式想象放松结合授权教育用于高龄老年性白内障手术患者中,可降低生理应激反应,改善情绪,促进视力恢复,降低并发症发生。