Development of a cell adhesion-based prognostic model for multiple myeloma:Insights into chemotherapy response and potential reversal of adhesion effects

Multiple myeloma(MM)is a hematologic malignancy notorious for its high relapse rate and development of drug resistance,in which cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance plays a critical role.This study integrated four RNA sequencing datasets(CoMMpass,GSE136337,GSE9782,and GSE2658)and focused on analyzing 1706 adhesionrelated genes.Rigorous univariate Cox regression analysis identified 18 key prognosis-related genes,including KIF14,TROAP,FLNA,MSN,LGALS1,PECAM1,and ALCAM,which demonstrated the strongest associations with poor overall survival(OS)in MM patients.To comprehensively evaluate the impact of cell adhesion on MM prognosis,an adhesion-related risk score(ARRS)model was constructed using Lasso Cox regression analysis.The ARRS model emerged as an independent prognostic factor for predicting OS.Furthermore,our findings revealed that a heightened cell adhesion effect correlated with tumor resistance to DNA-damaging drugs,protein kinase inhibitors,and drugs targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.Nevertheless,we identified promising drug candidates,such as tirofiban,pirenzepine,erlotinib,and bosutinib,which exhibit potential in reversing this resistance.In vitro,experiments employing NCIH929,RPMI8226,and AMO1 cell lines confirmed that MM cell lines with high ARRS exhibited poor sensitivity to the aforementioned candidate drugs.By employing siRNA-mediated knockdown of the key ARRS model gene KIF14,we observed suppressed proliferation of NCIH929 cells,along with decreased adhesion to BMSCs and fibronectin.This study presents compelling evidence establishing cell adhesion as a significant prognostic factor in MM.Additionally,potential molecular mechanisms underlying adhesion-related resistance are proposed,along with viable strategies to overcome such resistance.These findings provide a solid scientific foundation for facilitating clinically stratified treatment of MM.

Improved interfacial adhesion for stable flexible inverted perovskite solar cells

Flexible perovskite solar cells have attracted widespread attention due to their unique advantages in lightweight,high flexibility,and easy deformation,which are suitable for portable electronics.However,the inverted(p-i-n)structured devices suffer from poor stability largely due to the low adhesion at the brittle interface(the hole transport layer/perovskite).Herein,zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67)is applied to inverted structured cells to optimize the interface and prolong the device lifetime.As a result,the flexible devices based on ZIF-67 obtain the champion power conversion efficiency of 20.16%.Over 1000 h under continuous light irradiation,the device retains 96%and 80%of its original efficiency without and with bias,respectively.Notably,devices show mechanical endurance with over 78%efficiency retention after 10,000 cycles of consecutive bending cycles(R=6 mm).The introduction of ZIF-67 suppresses the cracking in device bending,which results in improved environmental stability and bending durability.

Modification of Titanium Surfaces via Surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization to Graft PEG-RGD Polymer Brushes to Inhibit Bacterial Adhesion and Promote Osteoblast Cell Attachment

Implant-related infection is one of the key concerns in clinical medicine, so the modification of titanium to inhibit bacterial adhesion and support osteoblast cell attachment is important. In this article, two strategies were used to examine the above effects. First, modification of titanium via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization（ATRP） was performed. The surface of the titanium was activated initially by a silane coupling agent. Well-defined polymer brushes of poly（ethylene glycol） methacrylate were successfully tethered on the silane-coupled titanium surface to form hydration shell to examine the anti-fouling effect. Second, functionalization of the Ti-PEG surface with RGD was performed to examine the anti-bacterial adhesion and osteoblast cell attachment ability. The chemical composition of modified titanium surfaces was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. Changes in surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity were characterized by static water contact angle measurements. Results indicated that PEG-RGD brushes were successfully tethered on the titanium surface. And anti-bacterial adhesion ability and osteoblast cell attachment ability were confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that PEG can inhibit both bacterial adhesion and osteoblast cell attachment, while PEG-RGD brushes can not only inhibit bacterial adhesion but also promote osteoblast cell attachment.

Surface Anti-bacterial Adhesion Characteristics of TiO_2-coated PMMA

The anti-bacterial adhesion properties of TiO2-coated polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） surfaces are investigated systematically. In detail, the adhesion of S. aureus （gram positive） and E. coli （gram negative） to TiO2-coated and uncoated PMMA surfaces are performed by the plate counting method. Afterwards, the adhesion free energy of bacteria on both supporting materials is quantified using the thermodynamic approach of Lifshitz van der Waals and acid/base interactions. The superior anti-adhesion capability of TiO2-coated PMMA is demonstrated when compared to native PMMA, both experimentally and theoretically.

Expression of Lewis^b blood group antigen in Helicobacter pylori does not interfere with bacterial adhesion property

AIM: The finding that some Helicobacterpyloristrains expressLewis b (Leb) blood group antigen casts a doubt on the roleof Leb of human gastric epithelium being a receptor for-H.pylori. The aim of this study was to determine if expressionof Leb in H. Pyloriinterferes with bacterial adhesion property.METHODS: Bacterial adhesion to immobilized Leb onmicrotitre plate was performed in 63-H. Pyloristrains obtainedfrom Singapore using in vitro adherence assay. Expression ofLewis blood group antigens was determined by ELISA assay.RESULTS: Among 63 H. Pyloristrains, 28 expressed Lebantigen. In vitro adhesion assay showed that 78.6 % (22/28) of Leb-positive and 74.3 % (26/35) of Leb-negative-H.pyloriisolates were positive for adhesion to immobilized Lebcoated on microtitre plate (P＝0.772). In addition, blockingof H. Pylori Leb by prior incubation with anti-Leb monoclonalantibody did not alter thebinding of the bacteria to solid-phase coated Leb.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that expressionof Leb in H. Pyloridoes not interfere with the bacterialadhesion property. This result supports the notion that Lebpresent on human gastric epithelial cells is capable of beinga receptor for H.pylori.

Effect of Polishing Procedure on the Roughness and Bacterial Adhesion of Provisional Restorative Materials

Provisional prosthetic restoration materials are exposed to oral cavity producing on the surface biofilm where different factors such as surface roughness and porosity can condition their formation and organization and can create stagnation areas that promote the bonding of organic particles, thus facilitating the formation and maturation of the biofilm. The purpose of this study was to compare surface roughness of two provisional prosthetic restorations materials and their bacterial susceptibility. In this study, two provisional restoration materials were used in two groups, A polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (NicTone MDC DENTAL) and B bis-acryl resin (Protemp 4 ESPE 3M). A total of 80 samples (40 samples of each material) were in thick plates of 10 × 10 mm and 2 mm high. 20 samples of each material were polished, while 20 were left unpolished. Subsequently, the samples were observed by Atomic Force Microscopy for their evaluation of surface roughness. The values were analyzed with t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test. The samples were microbiologically inoculated with the strains obtained and identified from a provisional polymethyl methacrylate acrylic restoration in a patient, in order to observe bacterial adhesion using a Scanning Electron Microscope. Two strains, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomona luteola, were identified. The presence of the microorganisms was observed on the surface of both materials, either polished or unpolished, with a lower level of microorganism adhesion found on the bis-acrylic resin. There was a significant difference about surface roughness in the groups A and B with p -8). We found that the polished bis-acrylic resin showed lower surface roughness and bacterial adhesion in comparison with the polymethyl methacrylate.

Reducing bacterial adhesion to titanium surfaces using low intensity alternating electrical pulses

BACKGROUND Orthopedic implant-related infection remains one of the most serious complications after orthopedic surgery.In recent years,there has been an increased scientific interest to improve prevention and treatment strategies.However,many of these strategies have focused on chemical measures.AIM To analyze the effect of alternating current electrical fields on bacterial adherence to titanium surfaces.METHODS Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Escherichia coli(E.coli)were exposed to 6.5 V electrical currents at different frequencies:0.5 Hz,0.1 Hz,and 0.05 Hz.After exposure,a bacterial count was then performed and compared to the control model.Other variables registered included the presence of electrocoagulation of the medium,electrode oxidation and/or corrosion,and changes in pH of the medium.RESULTS The most effective electrical model for reducing S.aureus adhesion was 6.5 V alternating current at 0.05 Hz achieving a 90%adhesion reduction rate.For E.coli,the 0.05 Hz frequency model also showed the most effective results with a 53%adhesion reduction rate,although these were significantly lower than S.aureus.Notable adhesion reduction rates were observed for S.aureus and E.coli in the studied conditions.However,the presence of electrode oxidation makes us presume these conditions are not optimal for in vivo use.CONCLUSION Although our findings suggest electrical currents may be useful in preventing bacterial adhesion to metal surfaces,further research using other electrical conditions must be examined to consider their use for in vivo trials.

<i>In Vitro</i>Evaluation of Bacterial Adhesion to Dental and Stainless-Steel Surfaces

This study aimed to describe the factors associated with biofilms formation in dental pathology by comparison of bacterial growth on dental and stainless-steel surfaces. We studied in vitro the behavior of Staphylococcus aureus Métis in order to observe the capacity of adhesion, to evaluate quantitatively the potential of proliferation and to compare the behavior of this germ in contact with the two surfaces. The biomaterials used were cylinders in Stainless steel (AISI 316L), dental fragments and stainless-steel fragments, all were disinfected for 15 minutes and then sterilized in a wet autoclave at 120˚C for 30 min. Macroscopic observation with a binocular magnifier of bacterial proliferation was carried out regularly after 6 h and 24 h of incubation. Observation by optical microscope based on GRAM staining made it possible to visualize the presence or absence of bacteria and to differentiate them. The adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus Méti S on dental fragments was compared to the one obtained on stainless steel fragments. We also carried a Bacterial count by optical dosing. The results show that the ability of this germ to colonize and develop biofilms on surfaces depends mainly on the characteristics of the surface. Rough surfaces as dental surface are more likely to developing biofilms than smooth surfaces like stainless-steel surface.

Cell Adhesion Inhibition by RGD Peptides Linked with a Photoisomerizable Nonnatural Amino Acid

RGD peptides linked with a nonnatural amino acid, phenylazophenyl alaninine (azoAla), were synthesized and applied to cell adhesion inhibitors. The RGD peptides linked with azoAla at C terminal showed potent binding to the integrin on the surface of HeLa cells. Photoisomerization effect of the azobenzene side chain of synthesized peptides on the cell adhesion inhibition was further investigated. It was demonstrated that the cis form of azoAla linked RGD peptides revealed a little weak cell adhesion inhibition effect as compared with trans form of azoAla linked RGD peptide.

Growth-associated protein 43 and neural cell adhesion molecule expression following bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a rat model of ischemic brain injury

BACKGROUND： Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） improves motor functional recovery, but the mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE： To investigate expression of growth-associated protein 43 （GAP-43） and neural cell adhesion molecule following BMSC transplantation to the lateral ventricle in rats with acute focal cerebral ischemic brain damage. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment using immunohistochemistry was performed at the laboratories of Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Doctoral Scientific Research Work Station of C-BONS PHARMA, Hubei Province, China, from January 2007 to December 2008. MATERIALS： Monoclonal mouse anti-rat 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine and neural cell adhesion molecule antibodies were purchased from Sigma, USA; monoclonal mouse anti-rat GAP-43 antibody was purchased from Wuhan Boster, China. METHODS： Rat models of right middle cerebral artery occlusion were established using the thread method. At 1 day after middle cerebral artery occlusion, 20μL culture solution, containing 5×10^5 BMSCs, was transplanted to the left lateral ventricle using micro-injection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Scores of neurological impairment were measured to assess neural function. Expression of GAP-43 and neural cell adhesion molecule at the lesion areas was examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： GAP-43 and neural cell adhesion molecule expression was low in brain tissues of the sham-operated group, but expression increased at the ischemic boundary （P 〈 0.05）. Transplantation of BMSCs further enhanced expression of GAP-43 and neural cell adhesion molecule （P 〈 0.05） and remarkably improved neurological impairment of ischemic rats （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： BMSC transplantation promoted neurological recovery in rats by upregulating expression of GAP-43 and neural cell adhesion molecule.

Adhesion molecule and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells following cecal ligation and puncture

INTRODUCTIONMultiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) isthought to be a frequent consequence of sepsis[1-3].Despite substantial advances in our knowledge and understanding of the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms[4-7], in critically ill patients infections and sepsis are still associated with a high mortality[8,9].

Angiotensin Ⅱ promotes NO production, inhibits apoptosis and enhances adhesion potential of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells

Endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） participate in the processes of postnatal neovascularization and re-endothelialization in response to tissue ischemia and endothelial injury. The level of EPCs present has been found to be directly associated with the outcome of cardiovascular diseases, and could be regulated by stimulatory or inhibitory factors. Given the close relationship between angiotensin Ⅱ （AngⅡ） and the cardiovascular＇ system, we investigated the effect of AngⅡ on the activities of bone marrow （BM）-derived EPCs. Cells were isolated from BM of rats by density gradient centrifugation. Administration of AngⅡ significantly promoted nitric oxide （NO） release, inhibited EPC apoptosis and enhanced EPC adhesion potential. All of these AngⅡ-mediated effects on EPCs were attenuated by pretreatment with valsartan or L-NAME. Moreover, both LY294002 and wortmannin abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of AngⅡ. Western blot analyses indicated that endothelial NO synthase （eNOS） protein and phosphorylated Akt increased with the treatment of AngⅡ in EPCs. Thus, AngⅡ improved several activities of EPCs through AngⅡ type 1 receptor （AT1R）, which may represent a possible mechanism linking AnglI and ATIR with angiogenesis. Additionally, AngⅡ-induced NO synthesis through eNOS in EPCs regulates apoptosis and adhesion, and the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway has an essential role in AngⅡ-induced antiapoptosis signaling.

A method to determine Young's modulus of soft gels for cell adhesion

A convenient technique is reported in this note for measuring elastic modulus of extremely soft material for cellular adhesion. Specimens of bending cylinder under gravity are used to avoid contact problem between testing device and sample, and a beam model is presented for evaluating the curvatures of gel beams with large elastic deformation. A self-adaptive algorithm is also proposed to search for the best estimation of gels＇ elastic moduli by comparing the experimental bending curvatures with those computed from the beam model with preestimated moduli. Application to the measurement of the property of polyacrylamide gels indi- cates that the material compliance varies with the concentrations of bis-acrylamide, and the gels become softer after being immersed in a culture medium for a period of time, no matter to what extent they are polymerized.

Safety of menstrual blood-derived stromal cell transplantation in treatment of intrauterine adhesion

BACKGROUND Intrauterine adhesion(IUA)can cause serious damage to women’s reproductive health,yet current treatment methods are difficult to achieve satisfactory results.In our previous studies,we demonstrated that menstrual-derived stromal stem cells(MenSCs),with high proliferative capacity and self-renewal ability,have a powerful therapeutic effect in patients with severe IUA.However,safety assessment of MenSCs transplantation is essential for its further application.AIM To evaluate the short-,medium-,and long-term biosafety of MenSCs via intrauterine transplantation in a rat model of IUA,with a focus on toxicity and tumorigenicity.METHODS MenSCs were injected into the sub-serosal layer of the uterus in an IUA rat model,for 3 d,3 mo,and 6 mo separately,to monitor the corresponding acute,sub-chronic,and chronic effects.Healthy rats of the same age served as negative controls.Toxicity effects were evaluated by body weight,organ weight,histopathology,hematology,and biochemistry tests.Tumorigenicity of MenSCs was investigated in Balb/c-nu mice in vivo and by colony formation assays in vitro.RESULTS Compared with the same week-old control group,all of the IUA rats receiving MenSC transplantation demonstrated no obvious changes in body weight,mainorgan weight,or blood cell composition during the acute,sub-chronic,and chronic observation periods.At the same time,serum biochemical tests showed no adverse effects on metabolism or liver and kidney function.After 4 wk of subcutaneous injection of Men SCs in Balb/c-nu nude mice,no tumor formation or cell metastasis was observed.Moreover,there was no tumor colony formation of Men SCs during soft agar culture in vitro.CONCLUSION There is no acute,sub-chronic,or chronic poisoning,infection,tumorigenesis,or endometriosis in rats with IUA after Men SC transplantation.The above results suggest that intrauterine transplantation of Men SCs is safe for endometrial treatment.

Expression of cell adhesion molecule CD44 in gastric adenocarcinoma and its prognostic importance

AIM: To evaluate the relation of cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) expression with clinicopathological features of gastric adenocarcinoma, and also its effect on prognosis with an emphasis on the differences between intestinal and diffuse types. METHODS: From 2000 to 2006, 100 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, who had undergone total or subtotal gastrectomy without any prior treatment, were studied. Haematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining was used for histological evaluation, including the type (Lauren's classifi cation) and grading of the tumor. The expression of CD44 in the gastric adenocarcinoma mucosa and the adjacent mucosa were determined by immunohistochemistry. The survival analysis was obtained using the Kaplan-Meier test. RESULTS: Of 100 patients, 74 (74%) patients were male. The tumors were categorized as intestinal type (78%) or diffuse type (22%). Sixty-five percent of patients were CD44-positive. CD44 expression was not detected in normal gastric mucosa. Rather, CD44 was more commonly expressed in the intestinal subtype (P = 0.002). A signifi cant relation was seen between the grade of tumor and the expression of CD44 (P = 0.014). The survival analysis showed a poor prognosis of patients with CD44-positive tumors (P = 0.008); and this was more prominent in the intestinal (P = 0.001) rather than diffuse type. CONCLUSION: Cell adhesion molecule CD44 is highly expressed in gastric adenocarcinoma. CD44 expression is correlated with a poor prognosis in patients with the intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma. CD44 can, therefore, be utilized as a prognostic marker for this group of patients.

Role of cell adhesion signal molecules in hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis

AIM： Cell adhesion molecules and their signal molecules play a very important role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of these molecules and the signal molecules of integrins and E-cadherins, such as （focal adhesion kinase） FAK, （integrin linked kinase） ILK, and β-catenin in hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis. METHODS： We first synthesized the small molecular compound, S-（1,2-dichlorovinyl）-L-cysteine （DCVC）, and identified it, by element analysis and ^1H NMR. To establish the apoptosis model of the SMMC-7721 hepatocellular carcinoma cell, we treated cells with DCVC in EBSS for different concentrations or for various length times in the presence of 20 μmol/L N,N-cliphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, which blocks necrotic cell death and identified this model by flow cytometry and DNA ladder. Then we studied the changes of FAK, ILK, β-catenin, and PKB in this apoptotic model by Western blot. RESULTS： We found that the loss or decrease of cell adhesion signal molecules is an important reason in apoptosis of SMMC-7721 hepatocellular carcinoma cell and the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cell was preceded by the loss or decrease of FAK, ILK, PKB, and β-catenin or the damage of cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion. CONCLUSION： Our results suggested that the decrease of adhesion signal molecules, FAK, ILK, PKB, and β-catenin, could induce hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis.

Pre-diagnostic levels of adiponectin and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 are associated with colorectal cancer risk

AIM： To examine the relationships between pre-diag- nostic biomarkers and colorectal cancer risk and assess their relevance in predictive models.METHODS： A nested case-control study was designed to include all first primary incident colorectal cancer cases diagnosed between inclusion in the SUpplemen- tation en VItamines et Min^raux AntioXydants cohort in 1994 and the end of follow-up in 2007. Cases （n = 50） were matched with two randomly selected con- trols （n = 100）. Conditional logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between pre- diagnostic levels of hs-CRP, adiponectin, leptin, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （sVCAM-1）, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-I, E-selectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and colorectal cancer risk. Area under the receiver operating curves （AUC） and relative integrated discrimination improvement （RIDI） statistics were used to assess the discriminatory poten- tial of the models. RESULTS： Plasma adiponectin level was associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk （P for linear trend -- 0.03）. Quartiles of sVCAM-1 were associated with increased colorectal cancer risk （P for linear trend = 0.02）. No association was observed with any of the other biomarkers. Compared to standard models with known risk factors, those including both adiponectin and sVCAM-1 had substantially improved performance for colorectal cancer risk prediction （P for AUC improve- ment = 0.01, RIDI = 26.5%）. CONCLUSION： These results suggest that pre-diag- nostic plasma adiponectin and sVCAM-1 levels are as- sociated with decreased and increased colorectal cancer risk, respectively. These relationships must be confirmed in large validation studies.

Relationship between cell adhesion molecules expression and the biological behavior of gastric carcinoma

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and the biological behavior of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Expression of syndecan-1, E-cadherin and integrin β3 were evaluated by immunohistochemical study in a total of 118 gastric carcinomas and 20 non- tumor gastric mucosas. RESULTS: The expressions of syndecan-1 and E-cadherin were significantly lower in gastric carcinoma compared to non-tumor gastric mucosa, and the low expression rates were positively correlated to the tumor invasion depth, vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (P < 0.01 in all cases). However, the expression of integrin β3 was significantly higher in gastric carcinoma compared to non-tumor gastric mucosa, and the high expression rates were positively correlated to the tumor invasion depth, vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (P < 0.01 in all cases). In addition, the three protein expressions were correlated to the tumor growth pattern (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.05 respectively), but not correlated to tumor differentiation (P > 0.05, P > 0.05 and P > 0.05 respectively). Positive correlation was observed between the expressions of syndecan-1 and E-cadherin, but they which were negatively correlated to the expression of integrin β3 (P < 0.01 in all cases). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the mean survival time and 5-year survival rate were lower in the cases with low expressions of syndecan-1 and E-cadherin and high expression of integrin β3 (P < 0.01, in all cases). COX multivariate analysis showed that the expression level of syndecan-1 could be an independent prognostic index of gastric carcinoma (P < 0.01), whereas E-cadherin and integrin β3 could not be independent indexes (P > 0.05, P > 0.05 respectively). CONCLUSION: The low expression of syndecan-1 and E-cadherin and the high expression of integrin β3 are significantly correlated with the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and they are highly correlated with each other. Therefore they may serve as important prognostic markers of gastric carcinoma.

Role of adhesion molecules and dendritic cells in rat hepatic/renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and anti-adhesive intervention with anti-P-selectin lectin-EGF domain monoclonal antibody

AIM: To investigate the role of P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and dendritic cells (DCs)in liver/kidney of rats with hepatic/renal ischemiareperfusion injury and the preventive effect of anti-Pselectin lectin-EGF domain monoclonal antibody (anti-PsLEGFmAb) on the injury.METHODS: Rat models of hepatic and renal ischemiareperfusion were established. The rats were then divided into two groups, one group treated with anti-PsL-EGFmAb(n = 20) and control treated with saline (n = 20). Both groups were subdivided into four groups according to reperfusion time (1, 3, 6 and 24 h). The sham-operated group (n = 5) served as a control group. DCs were observed by the microscopic image method, while P-selectin and ICAM-1 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: P-selectin increased significantly in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells and renal tubular epithelial cells 1 h after ischemia-reperfusion, and the expression of ICAM-1 was up-regulated in hepatic sinusoid and renal vessels after 6 h. CD1a+CD80+DCs gradually increased in hepatic sinusoidal endothelium and renal tubules and interstitium 1 h after ischemia-reperfusion, and there was the most number of DCs in 24-h group. The localization of DCs was associated with rat hepatic/renal function.These changes became less significant in rats treated with anti-PsL-EGFmAb.CONCLUSION: DCs play an important role in immune pathogenesis of hepatic/renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.Anti-PsL-EGFmAb may regulate and inhibit local DC immigration and accumulation in liver/kidney.

Effect of RGD-modified Silk Material on the Adhesion and Proliferation of Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

In order to investigate the effect ofArg-Gly-Asp （RGD） peptide-modified silk biomaterial on the adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs）, MSCs of third generation were seeded onto the surface of RGD-decorated silk （silk-RGD group）, silk alone （silk group） or tissue culture plate （TCP group）. After incubation for 4 or 12 h, MSCs were examined quantitatively by using precipitation method for cell attachment. The cell proliferation, which was defined as cell density, was compared among the three groups after culture for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days. Cell skeleton, which was labeled fluorescently, was observed under laser confocal microscope after 24 h of culture. The results showed that cell adhesion rate in silk-RGD group was higher than in silk group （P〈0.05）, but similar to that in TCP group after incubation for 4 or 12 h （P〉0.05）. There were no sig- nificant differences in the cell proliferation among the three groups at different time points （P〉0.05 for all）. Laser confocal microscopy revealed that in silk-RGD group, MSCs, strongly fluorescently stained, spread fully, with stress fibers clearly seen, while in silk group, actin filaments were sparsely aligned and less stress fibers were found. It was concluded that RGD peptide could improve the ad- hesion of MSCs to the silk scaffold, but had no impact on the proliferation of the cells.