A multiphase microscopic interference system is designed to measure the height of cell which is important to the research of collective cell migration in physiology and medicine. This sys- tem can quantitatively measu...A multiphase microscopic interference system is designed to measure the height of cell which is important to the research of collective cell migration in physiology and medicine. This sys- tem can quantitatively measure cell height across a living monolayer without knowing the refractive index of cells. For the interference pattern, because the phases are all wrapped between - π to π, it is necessary to get the real phase through phase unwrapping,a method to restore the wrapped phase data of the object by using numerical calculations. Three representative algorithms are selected to unwrap the interference pattern of ceils： branch-cut method, quality-guided method and network method. Although each of them can restore the phase, their performances are obviously different. We compare these methods and find that branch-cut method needs the smallest execution time and can obtain good unwrapped patterns when noises are not serious.展开更多
Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is a major food crop worldwide.Plant height and yield are important agronomic traits of rice.Several genes regulating plant height and/or yield have been cloned.However,the molecular mechanisms co...Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is a major food crop worldwide.Plant height and yield are important agronomic traits of rice.Several genes regulating plant height and/or yield have been cloned.However,the molecular mechanisms coordinating plant height and yield are not fully characterized.Here,we report a novel gene,OstMAPKKK5 that encodes a truncated variant of a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5(OsMAPKKK5)lacking an intact kinase domain.Transgenic plants overexpressing OstMAPKKK5 in indica cultivar 9311 showed increased plant height,grain length,grain width,1000-grain weight,grain number per main panicle,and yield.Real-time quantitative PCR showed that OstMAPKKK5 was widely expressed in various tissues and developmental stages.The increased plant height and yield were attributed to enlarged cell size.Overexpression of OstMAPKKK5 led to higher contents of various forms of endogenous gibberellin(GA),especially the most common active forms,GA1,GA3,GA4.We concluded that OstMAPKKK5 positively regulates plant height and yield in rice by affecting cell size,and that its underlying mechanism is based on increased endogenous GA content.展开更多
[ Objective] The research aimed to analyze extreme circulation characteristics at 500 hPa of height field in Eurasian region in recent 20 years. [ Method ] Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data at 500 hPa of height...[ Objective] The research aimed to analyze extreme circulation characteristics at 500 hPa of height field in Eurasian region in recent 20 years. [ Method ] Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data at 500 hPa of height field from 1961 to 2009 of Eurasia （15° -80° N, 40° -150° E）, seasonal and monthly change situations of extreme circulation in Eurasia were studied by the method of climatologically equally likely intervals （ CE- Ll）. [Result] Growth rate of extremely low circulation increased in Eurasia in the last 20 years, but the rise amplitude was smaller. In the middle of China and Mongolia, grow rate change of extremely low circulation was the smallest. The growth rates of extremely high circulation in spring, au- tumn and winter gradually decreased as latitude rose. The maximum growth rate of extremely high circulation in summer was in Qinghai -Tibet Plat- eau, which corresponded with the climate characteristics of summer subtropical high going northward and then retreating southward. By contrasting the growth rates of extremely low and high circulation, it was clear that the growth rate of high circulation was higher than that of the low circulation. [Conusion] The research could be as a reference for studying change characteristics of the extreme climate event in China.展开更多
基金Supported by the International Technology Cooperation Projects of BIT(GZ 20110451)
文摘A multiphase microscopic interference system is designed to measure the height of cell which is important to the research of collective cell migration in physiology and medicine. This sys- tem can quantitatively measure cell height across a living monolayer without knowing the refractive index of cells. For the interference pattern, because the phases are all wrapped between - π to π, it is necessary to get the real phase through phase unwrapping,a method to restore the wrapped phase data of the object by using numerical calculations. Three representative algorithms are selected to unwrap the interference pattern of ceils： branch-cut method, quality-guided method and network method. Although each of them can restore the phase, their performances are obviously different. We compare these methods and find that branch-cut method needs the smallest execution time and can obtain good unwrapped patterns when noises are not serious.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471461, 31671655)the National Transgenic Major Project of China (2016ZX08001004-001)Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program, China (G2014070102)
文摘Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is a major food crop worldwide.Plant height and yield are important agronomic traits of rice.Several genes regulating plant height and/or yield have been cloned.However,the molecular mechanisms coordinating plant height and yield are not fully characterized.Here,we report a novel gene,OstMAPKKK5 that encodes a truncated variant of a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5(OsMAPKKK5)lacking an intact kinase domain.Transgenic plants overexpressing OstMAPKKK5 in indica cultivar 9311 showed increased plant height,grain length,grain width,1000-grain weight,grain number per main panicle,and yield.Real-time quantitative PCR showed that OstMAPKKK5 was widely expressed in various tissues and developmental stages.The increased plant height and yield were attributed to enlarged cell size.Overexpression of OstMAPKKK5 led to higher contents of various forms of endogenous gibberellin(GA),especially the most common active forms,GA1,GA3,GA4.We concluded that OstMAPKKK5 positively regulates plant height and yield in rice by affecting cell size,and that its underlying mechanism is based on increased endogenous GA content.
文摘[ Objective] The research aimed to analyze extreme circulation characteristics at 500 hPa of height field in Eurasian region in recent 20 years. [ Method ] Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data at 500 hPa of height field from 1961 to 2009 of Eurasia （15° -80° N, 40° -150° E）, seasonal and monthly change situations of extreme circulation in Eurasia were studied by the method of climatologically equally likely intervals （ CE- Ll）. [Result] Growth rate of extremely low circulation increased in Eurasia in the last 20 years, but the rise amplitude was smaller. In the middle of China and Mongolia, grow rate change of extremely low circulation was the smallest. The growth rates of extremely high circulation in spring, au- tumn and winter gradually decreased as latitude rose. The maximum growth rate of extremely high circulation in summer was in Qinghai -Tibet Plat- eau, which corresponded with the climate characteristics of summer subtropical high going northward and then retreating southward. By contrasting the growth rates of extremely low and high circulation, it was clear that the growth rate of high circulation was higher than that of the low circulation. [Conusion] The research could be as a reference for studying change characteristics of the extreme climate event in China.
