In our previous studies, we have proved that neutron irradiation can decrease the single event latch-up （SEL） sensitivity of CMOS SRAM. And one of the key contributions to the multiple cell upset （MCU） is the para...In our previous studies, we have proved that neutron irradiation can decrease the single event latch-up （SEL） sensitivity of CMOS SRAM. And one of the key contributions to the multiple cell upset （MCU） is the parasitic bipolar amplification, it bring us to study the impact of neutron irradiation on the SRAM＇s MCU sensitivity. After the neutron experiment, we test the devices＇ function and electrical parameters. Then, we use the heavy ion fluence to examine the changes on the devices＇ MCU sensitivity pre- and post-neutron-irradiation. Unfortunately, neutron irradiation makes the MCU phenomenon worse. Finally, we use the electric static discharge （ESD） testing technology to deduce the experimental results and find that the changes on the WPM region take the lead rather than the changes on the parasitic bipolar amplification for the 90 nm process.展开更多
Protein energy malnutrition is the main cause of immunodeficiency and, secondarily, of several infections. However, immune cell activation is involved in several pathophysiological processes that play a crucial role i...Protein energy malnutrition is the main cause of immunodeficiency and, secondarily, of several infections. However, immune cell activation is involved in several pathophysiological processes that play a crucial role in the appearance of cardiovascular disease(CVD) or cancer. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of the modulation of immune cell activation by different dietary patterns and its components focusing on CVD or cancer. While a westernized high-saturated fat highcarbohydrate diet is positively associated with lowgrade inflammation, vegetable- and fruit-based diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols, key nutrients of Mediterranean diet, decrease the levels of cellular and circulating inflammatory biomarkers thereby reducing the risk of related chronic diseases.展开更多
In this paper, vibration analysis of irregular-closed-cell foam plates is per- formed. A cell volume distribution coefficient is introduced to modify the original Gibson- Ashby equations of effective Young＇s modulus ...In this paper, vibration analysis of irregular-closed-cell foam plates is per- formed. A cell volume distribution coefficient is introduced to modify the original Gibson- Ashby equations of effective Young＇s modulus of foam materials. A Burr distribution is imported to describe the cell volume distribution situation. Three Burr distribution pa- rameters are obtained and related to the cell volume range and the diversity. Based on the plate theory and the effective modulus theory, the natural frequency of foam plates is calculated with the change of the cell volume distribution parameters. The relationship between the frequencies and the cell volumes are derived. The scale factor of the average cell size is introduced and proved to be an important factor to the performance of the foam plate. The result is shown by the existing theory of size effects. It is determined that the cell volume distribution has an impact on the natural frequency of the plate structure based on the cell volume range, the diversity, and the average size, and the impact can lead to optimization of the synthesis procedure.展开更多
The broken efficiency of cell wall and the release amount of Pichia pastoris intracellular protein under different cell breaking conditions were investigated in this paper. The results showed that broken efficiency us...The broken efficiency of cell wall and the release amount of Pichia pastoris intracellular protein under different cell breaking conditions were investigated in this paper. The results showed that broken efficiency using hot alkali combined with high-pressure homogenizing method was higher than that of enzyme hydrolysis, hot alkali treatment and high-pressure homogenation, respectively. Suspended medium had little effect on the broken efficiency of yeast cell, but had significant effect on the protein release yield. The results indicated that optimal condition for intracellular proteins extraction was 30% (wet weight, w/v) of yeast cells suspend in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 10.0), water bathed at 60?C for 2 hours, homogenized twice at 100 MPa pressure. The broken efficiency of Pichia pastoris cell could reach 87.6% and the protein yield was 35.48 g per 100 g cells.展开更多
Human Wharton＇s jelly mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from fetal umbilical cord. Cells were cultured in serumfree neural stem cellconditioned medium or neural stem cellconditioned medium supplemented with Dkk1, ...Human Wharton＇s jelly mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from fetal umbilical cord. Cells were cultured in serumfree neural stem cellconditioned medium or neural stem cellconditioned medium supplemented with Dkk1, a Wnt/13 catenin pathway antagonist, and LeftyA, a Nodal signaling pathway antagonist to induce differentiation into retinal progenitor cells. Inverted microscopy showed that after induction, the spindleshaped or fibroblastlike Wharton＇s jelly mesenchymal stem cells changed into bulbous cells with numerous processes. Immunofluorescent cytochemical stain ing and reversetranscription PCR showed positive expression of retinal progenitor cell markers, Pax6 and Rx, as well as weakly downregulated nestin expression. These results demonstrate that Wharton＇s jelly mesenchymal stem cells are capable of differentiating into retinal progenitor cells in vitro.展开更多
Purpose: To investigate the effects of culture medium of human amniotic membrane (AM) on corneal neovascularization (CNV) induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in mice.Methods: Culture medium of amniotic me...Purpose: To investigate the effects of culture medium of human amniotic membrane (AM) on corneal neovascularization (CNV) induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in mice.Methods: Culture medium of amniotic membrane was prepared by cultivating AM (with epithelium side up) in EGM basic medium for 3 days, and was collected separately to three groups, e.g. Control (EGM only), AM with epithelium (AM) and AM without epithelium (De-AM). Corneal neovascularization was induced in mice by using micropocket assay with Hydron polymer pellets containing 100 ng bFGF. Migration and proliferation of human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were performed in Boyden chambers and by using the CyQUANT fluorescence binding assay respectively.The levels of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP1, TIMP2) in culture medium were determined by ELISA assay.Results: CNV induced by bFGF was significantly suppressed by culture medium of amniotic membrane. When the medium was applied as an eyedrop 4 times a day for 7 days,the area of CNV was (2.48±0.76) mm2,(0.64±0.52) mm2 and (1.96±0.65) mm2 incontrol, AM and De-AM group respectively. The migration and proliferation of HUVEC were strongly inhibited by culture medium of AM with epithelium, while the De-AM had no effect on the migration of HUVEC cells. The high level of TIMP2 was found in AM group, but not in De-AM group, while there was no difference in the amount of TIMP1 in medium among three groups.Conclusion: Culture medium of amniotic membrane significantly suppresses the corneal nevovascularization induced by bFGF. The mechanism of which at least in part is that high level of TIMP2 protein secreted or released into the culture medium of AM and inhibition of migration and growth of vascular endothelial cells.展开更多
Aim Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT） has curable potential for hematopoietic malignancies through graft-versus-leukemia （GVL） effects but is often associated with life-threatening graft-ve...Aim Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT） has curable potential for hematopoietic malignancies through graft-versus-leukemia （GVL） effects but is often associated with life-threatening graft-versus-host disease （GVHD）. Donor T cells play an important role in the pathological process of GVHD. In this study, to determinate immunoisolation through encapsulating T cells with biomaterials could be a promising approach to atten- uate GVHD. Methods T cells were isolated from spleens of donor C57B1/6 mice by magnetic cell separation and coated by layer-by-layer in chitosan and alginate. BALB/c recipient mice were established by GVHD mode and leukemia mode. Xenogen IVIS imaging system was used for live animal imaging. Donor BMCs and T cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results In this study, we successfully encapsulated T cells of mice in multilay- ers of chitosan and alginate. In vitro studies showed that the encapsulation did not change the phenotype of T cells as defined through the following parameters： size, viability, proliferation, antibody binding, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxicity. Mice transplanted with encapsulated allogeneic T cells exhibited less severe acute GVHD and pro- longed survival. The mice showed a lower GVHD score, less liver damage, a smaller CD8/CD4 T cell ratio, and a higher number of donor BM-derived cells following transplantation with encapsulated donor T cells. When this GVHD model was combined with implantation of A20 lymphoma cells, GVL of encapsulated T cells was not com- promised, while GVHD was still suppressed and the mouse survival also prolonged. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that encapsulation of T cells with bio-degradable materials could attenuate the severity of GVHD but re- taine GVL, which presents a novel and potentially safer and effective approach of allogeneic HSCT for future clini- cal application.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> By studying the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators in cholangiocarcinoma and intrahepatic duct stones, the correlation between the expression of epithel...<strong>Background:</strong> By studying the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators in cholangiocarcinoma and intrahepatic duct stones, the correlation between the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators and cholangiocarcinoma was revealed. <strong>Objective:</strong> The objective is to investigate the correlation between the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EC) regulatory factors and cholangiocarcinoma in patients with intrahepatic duct stones and cholangiocarcinoma, to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis, and to observe the expression of molecular markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in intrahepatic duct stones and bile duct carcinoma. <strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty cases of primary cholangiocarcinoma, 20 cases of intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis complicated with cholangiocarcinoma, and 20 cases of intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis specimens were collected from the Fourth People’s Hospital and the friendly medical unit of Haikou. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression differences of EMT-related molecular markers Twisit1, Twisit2, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin in paraffin sections of normal intrahepatic bile duct tissues and patients with intrahepatic duct stones and cholangiocarcinoma. <strong>Results:</strong> Immunohistochemical staining revealed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tissue, intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis with cholangiocarcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis with normal intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis, such as Sit1, Twisit2, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin proteins were different. The expression of E-cadherin was decreased in cholangiocarcinoma tissue and intrahepatic cholangiolithiocarcinoma combined with cholangiocarcinoma (P < 0.05), while the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was up-regulated (P < 0.05). The expression of Twisit1 and Twisit2 had no difference (P > 0.05). There was no difference in the expression of intrahepatic bile duct stones and EMT (P > 0.05). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The expression of E-cadherin, the molecular marker of EMT, was down-regulated, while the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was up-regulated. Age, gender, depth of tumor invasion, degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis were correlated with the expression of EMT in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.展开更多
文摘In our previous studies, we have proved that neutron irradiation can decrease the single event latch-up （SEL） sensitivity of CMOS SRAM. And one of the key contributions to the multiple cell upset （MCU） is the parasitic bipolar amplification, it bring us to study the impact of neutron irradiation on the SRAM＇s MCU sensitivity. After the neutron experiment, we test the devices＇ function and electrical parameters. Then, we use the heavy ion fluence to examine the changes on the devices＇ MCU sensitivity pre- and post-neutron-irradiation. Unfortunately, neutron irradiation makes the MCU phenomenon worse. Finally, we use the electric static discharge （ESD） testing technology to deduce the experimental results and find that the changes on the WPM region take the lead rather than the changes on the parasitic bipolar amplification for the 90 nm process.
文摘Protein energy malnutrition is the main cause of immunodeficiency and, secondarily, of several infections. However, immune cell activation is involved in several pathophysiological processes that play a crucial role in the appearance of cardiovascular disease(CVD) or cancer. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of the modulation of immune cell activation by different dietary patterns and its components focusing on CVD or cancer. While a westernized high-saturated fat highcarbohydrate diet is positively associated with lowgrade inflammation, vegetable- and fruit-based diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols, key nutrients of Mediterranean diet, decrease the levels of cellular and circulating inflammatory biomarkers thereby reducing the risk of related chronic diseases.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.90916007)
文摘In this paper, vibration analysis of irregular-closed-cell foam plates is per- formed. A cell volume distribution coefficient is introduced to modify the original Gibson- Ashby equations of effective Young＇s modulus of foam materials. A Burr distribution is imported to describe the cell volume distribution situation. Three Burr distribution pa- rameters are obtained and related to the cell volume range and the diversity. Based on the plate theory and the effective modulus theory, the natural frequency of foam plates is calculated with the change of the cell volume distribution parameters. The relationship between the frequencies and the cell volumes are derived. The scale factor of the average cell size is introduced and proved to be an important factor to the performance of the foam plate. The result is shown by the existing theory of size effects. It is determined that the cell volume distribution has an impact on the natural frequency of the plate structure based on the cell volume range, the diversity, and the average size, and the impact can lead to optimization of the synthesis procedure.
文摘The broken efficiency of cell wall and the release amount of Pichia pastoris intracellular protein under different cell breaking conditions were investigated in this paper. The results showed that broken efficiency using hot alkali combined with high-pressure homogenizing method was higher than that of enzyme hydrolysis, hot alkali treatment and high-pressure homogenation, respectively. Suspended medium had little effect on the broken efficiency of yeast cell, but had significant effect on the protein release yield. The results indicated that optimal condition for intracellular proteins extraction was 30% (wet weight, w/v) of yeast cells suspend in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 10.0), water bathed at 60?C for 2 hours, homogenized twice at 100 MPa pressure. The broken efficiency of Pichia pastoris cell could reach 87.6% and the protein yield was 35.48 g per 100 g cells.
基金supported by 2010 Com-advanced School Young Diaph Support Project of Heilongjiang Province,China, No. 1155G60
文摘Human Wharton＇s jelly mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from fetal umbilical cord. Cells were cultured in serumfree neural stem cellconditioned medium or neural stem cellconditioned medium supplemented with Dkk1, a Wnt/13 catenin pathway antagonist, and LeftyA, a Nodal signaling pathway antagonist to induce differentiation into retinal progenitor cells. Inverted microscopy showed that after induction, the spindleshaped or fibroblastlike Wharton＇s jelly mesenchymal stem cells changed into bulbous cells with numerous processes. Immunofluorescent cytochemical stain ing and reversetranscription PCR showed positive expression of retinal progenitor cell markers, Pax6 and Rx, as well as weakly downregulated nestin expression. These results demonstrate that Wharton＇s jelly mesenchymal stem cells are capable of differentiating into retinal progenitor cells in vitro.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30170997)
文摘Purpose: To investigate the effects of culture medium of human amniotic membrane (AM) on corneal neovascularization (CNV) induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in mice.Methods: Culture medium of amniotic membrane was prepared by cultivating AM (with epithelium side up) in EGM basic medium for 3 days, and was collected separately to three groups, e.g. Control (EGM only), AM with epithelium (AM) and AM without epithelium (De-AM). Corneal neovascularization was induced in mice by using micropocket assay with Hydron polymer pellets containing 100 ng bFGF. Migration and proliferation of human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were performed in Boyden chambers and by using the CyQUANT fluorescence binding assay respectively.The levels of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP1, TIMP2) in culture medium were determined by ELISA assay.Results: CNV induced by bFGF was significantly suppressed by culture medium of amniotic membrane. When the medium was applied as an eyedrop 4 times a day for 7 days,the area of CNV was (2.48±0.76) mm2,(0.64±0.52) mm2 and (1.96±0.65) mm2 incontrol, AM and De-AM group respectively. The migration and proliferation of HUVEC were strongly inhibited by culture medium of AM with epithelium, while the De-AM had no effect on the migration of HUVEC cells. The high level of TIMP2 was found in AM group, but not in De-AM group, while there was no difference in the amount of TIMP1 in medium among three groups.Conclusion: Culture medium of amniotic membrane significantly suppresses the corneal nevovascularization induced by bFGF. The mechanism of which at least in part is that high level of TIMP2 protein secreted or released into the culture medium of AM and inhibition of migration and growth of vascular endothelial cells.
文摘Aim Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT） has curable potential for hematopoietic malignancies through graft-versus-leukemia （GVL） effects but is often associated with life-threatening graft-versus-host disease （GVHD）. Donor T cells play an important role in the pathological process of GVHD. In this study, to determinate immunoisolation through encapsulating T cells with biomaterials could be a promising approach to atten- uate GVHD. Methods T cells were isolated from spleens of donor C57B1/6 mice by magnetic cell separation and coated by layer-by-layer in chitosan and alginate. BALB/c recipient mice were established by GVHD mode and leukemia mode. Xenogen IVIS imaging system was used for live animal imaging. Donor BMCs and T cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results In this study, we successfully encapsulated T cells of mice in multilay- ers of chitosan and alginate. In vitro studies showed that the encapsulation did not change the phenotype of T cells as defined through the following parameters： size, viability, proliferation, antibody binding, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxicity. Mice transplanted with encapsulated allogeneic T cells exhibited less severe acute GVHD and pro- longed survival. The mice showed a lower GVHD score, less liver damage, a smaller CD8/CD4 T cell ratio, and a higher number of donor BM-derived cells following transplantation with encapsulated donor T cells. When this GVHD model was combined with implantation of A20 lymphoma cells, GVL of encapsulated T cells was not com- promised, while GVHD was still suppressed and the mouse survival also prolonged. Conclusion These studies demonstrate that encapsulation of T cells with bio-degradable materials could attenuate the severity of GVHD but re- taine GVL, which presents a novel and potentially safer and effective approach of allogeneic HSCT for future clini- cal application.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> By studying the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators in cholangiocarcinoma and intrahepatic duct stones, the correlation between the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulators and cholangiocarcinoma was revealed. <strong>Objective:</strong> The objective is to investigate the correlation between the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EC) regulatory factors and cholangiocarcinoma in patients with intrahepatic duct stones and cholangiocarcinoma, to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and prognosis, and to observe the expression of molecular markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in intrahepatic duct stones and bile duct carcinoma. <strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty cases of primary cholangiocarcinoma, 20 cases of intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis complicated with cholangiocarcinoma, and 20 cases of intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis specimens were collected from the Fourth People’s Hospital and the friendly medical unit of Haikou. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression differences of EMT-related molecular markers Twisit1, Twisit2, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin in paraffin sections of normal intrahepatic bile duct tissues and patients with intrahepatic duct stones and cholangiocarcinoma. <strong>Results:</strong> Immunohistochemical staining revealed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tissue, intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis with cholangiocarcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis with normal intrahepatic cholangiolithiasis, such as Sit1, Twisit2, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin proteins were different. The expression of E-cadherin was decreased in cholangiocarcinoma tissue and intrahepatic cholangiolithiocarcinoma combined with cholangiocarcinoma (P < 0.05), while the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was up-regulated (P < 0.05). The expression of Twisit1 and Twisit2 had no difference (P > 0.05). There was no difference in the expression of intrahepatic bile duct stones and EMT (P > 0.05). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The expression of E-cadherin, the molecular marker of EMT, was down-regulated, while the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin was up-regulated. Age, gender, depth of tumor invasion, degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis were correlated with the expression of EMT in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
