Digital Public Relations in the Russian Governmental Communication： 2011-2012 Typology and General Situation

The paper deals with the development of digital public relations （PRs） in the Russian govemmental communications in the years of 2011-2012. Empirical study is based on the content-analysis of on-line public activities of Russian federal governmental bodies and regional governors in October-November, 2011. It has shown the coexistence of two basic models of governmental communication in the Russian Federation--old-fashioned bureaucratic and new interactive.

The research of Chinese Government Public Relations-- Based on the idea of the Balanced Scorecard

Through analyzing the problems of Chinese government public relations, using the idea of the Balanced Scorecard, we analyze the reasons of these problems and discuss the countermeasures from four aspects that conclude financial, internal operations, customers, learning and growth to achieve the all-round and balanced development of public relations and establish a high level of government public relations organization, regarding the overall strategic goal of government public relations that aim to strengthen the communication with various public, establish an innovative, pragmatic, honest and efficient government image in the public and the international community as the center.

Global Cyberspace Governance: State Actors and the China-US Cyber Relationship

The rising role of state actors,in particular cyber powers in cyberspace governance,has become a promine nt feature of the governance process.All countries begin to take more proactive measures,in terms of building cyber capacities,and getting more involved in global cyberspace governance.This process will be determined upon the interactions of China and the US to be framed within the laws and regulations of global cyberspace governance.

From Government to Enterprises:How Tax Sharing Interacts with Tax Rates

Tax sharing embodies central-local government fiscal relations and tax rates reflect government-market relations.Research on the interactions between tax sharing and tax rates helps uncover the effects of central-local fiscal relations on government-market relations.According to our study,China's flexible tax sharing and differential tax rates facing firms are two important typical facts;theoretical analysis discovered that effective corporate tax rates are influenced by local government preferences and tax sharing ratio;empirical analysis found that increasing CIT and VAT sharing ratios for governments at city and county levels led to the reduction of tax evasion and increase of effective tax rates.The above conclusions have revealed the unique mechanism of how government-market relations are influenced by fiscal system,explains the sources of differential tax rates facing Chinese firms,and provides reference for next-step fiscal reform.

How to avoid reputation damage in financial restatement? The role of investor relations management

In order to examine the effects of avoiding reputation damage by investor relations management under certain corporate governance structures and mechanisms, samples of 1120 listed companies are used to research the influence on financial restatements by corporate governance. Then the moderating effects of investor relations management on financial restatements are analyzed. The result is that the more dispersed the equity, the higher the probability of financial restatements will be (This includes the government-controlled companies). Also the higher the proportion of independent directors and the higher the level of investor relations management, the lower the probability of financial restatements will be. Furthermore, as a moderating variable, investor relations management can eliminate the negative effects of corporate governance, enhance the effect of independent directors and reduce the probability of financial restatement.

Prospects of the New German Government’s China Policy

In contrast to the Merkel era, the emphasis on ideological disputes and competition with China is evident in the new German government's Coalition Treaty and several of its new ministers' expressions about China. Against the background of the rising antagonism between China and the West as well as the continuous efforts of the US to urge Europe to curb China in recent years, Germany's understanding of China tends to be negative. Besides, because of the changes in Germany's political landscape and in Sino-German economic and trade relations, the new government is likely to reinforce its defense against and pressure upon China, reduce its strategic dependence on China, strengthen the coordination with its European and American allies for a collective China policy, and compete for dominance in economy and trade, science and technology, global infrastructure, and rules and standards. Sino-German relations may fluctuate, but because of the binding of the economy and trade between the two countries, internal contradictions inside the Western Bloc, and the German tradition of diplomatic pragmatism, the new government will adjust its China policy on the basis of continuation, so that the reversal of the Sino-German relations is hardly to be triggered.

An Analysis of the Great Power Strategy of India's Modi Government

Over the past two years, India's Modi government has demonstrated the following features: focusing on the goals of becoming a great power and shaping India's South Asian dominance, expanding the scope of diplomatic strategy, emphasizing the role of soft power and focusing on self-development as well as external environment. Modi's great power strategy is deeply influenced by the Indian realistic international political outlook and, to a certain extent, reflects the governing philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party. The great power strategy is Modi's governing foundation and governing style, embedding Modi distinctive personal style. Under the influence of the great power strategy, China and India have increased their economic cooperation scope, widening the forms of public diplomacy, with an obvious geopolitical collision; India is taking more measures to check China.

Open Government and ＂E-Government＂ in Russia

With the advent and widespread information and communication technologies, pace of human activity has accelerated markedly new industries, new management techniques. And in the world community, now prevalent idea of democracy with equal rights and freedoms for all citizens of a democratic state is a risk and a challenge to the integrity of a community. Against this background, it becomes important not only process control, but also a system of communication between society and the state. For effective interaction between society and the state, the government needs a new, streamlined platform for the provision of public services. This site was e-government. Currently, the concept of ＂open government＂ is implemented in the administration of the state in all developed countries. This paper deals with modern communication mechanism of the state and society in Russia, for example, ＂e-government＂, and the effectiveness of this mechanism in the process of changing demands of society.

我国高校院系治理的演进、困境与进路探赜

院系治理是大学治理能否实现现代化的关键。在协调党政关系主基调下,我国高校院系治理大致历经了“探索初创期”、“调适定型期”和“提质增效期”等三个演进阶段。当前,我国院系治理面临领导体制不健全、制度体系不完备、运行机制不通畅、治理主体权责失衡、党组织功能“悬浮化”等瓶颈和困境。推动院系治理现代化,应在遮蔽与澄清、守正与创新的动态调适中科学规避“制度移植陷阱”,创造性地推进党委领导下的校长负责制向院系层面的制度移植。在实践中,明晰院系党政共同领导下的分工负责制、完善党政联席会议制度、构建党政学协商共治模式、充分发挥党组织功能作用,是加快推进院系治理现代化的应然路径。

地理学中自然与人文耦合的挑战与前景

进入人类世以来,随着重大自然与社会问题的涌现,作为一门典型的交叉学科,地理学面临着前所未有的挑战与机遇。地理学研究的是复杂交织的人地关系问题,所以需要先在内部摒除二元论的偏见,实现自然(包括GIS)与人文的耦合。对中国地理学而言,自然与人文耦合的关键或难点在于方法论。应对挑战,地理学共同体应该鼓励面向重大问题的、多元化的交叉研究,促进数据、技术与社会的融合,共创治理科学新范式,逐步改变重理轻文的学科评价导向。在全球可持续发展的大背景下,地理学内部的交叉融合以及地理学与其他学科的交叉合作至关重要,人文与自然的耦合是地理学应该始终坚持的方向。

情境、权力与技术:乡村动员式治理的实践逻辑——基于江苏省T村空间治理实践的考察

在乡村软治理兴起的时代背景下,以互动协商为特色的动员式治理成为基层推进乡村振兴的常用方式。对乡村动员式治理作全过程的解构发现,情境、权力、技术是理解其发生逻辑与运行逻辑的关键要素。“弱压力—高风险—低配套”的制度情境与强阻力的生活情境共同构成了动员式治理的发生条件,国家与社会互嵌从组织基础、认同基础、社会基础层面提供了动员式治理的权力基础,价值、关系、资源、制度等动员工具的技术化配置塑造了动员式治理的运作风格。从本质上看,动员式治理的过程同样是国家基础性权力的持续再生产过程,其兼顾了科层有效性与社会有效性,是柔性转向情境下乡村治理机制的一种理性表达。

社会文化空间治理驱动的国际化社区柔性治理——基于南京市Q社区的案例研究

柔性治理日渐成为国际化社区提升治理效能的重要手段。文章基于社会文化空间的分析框架,运用拓展个案研究法分析南京市Q社区案例,探究由公共空间、社会关系、社区制度等核心要件构成的社会文化空间治理驱动国际化社区柔性治理机制,挖掘社区治理转型升级路径。研究发现,在驱动实践中,公共空间居于内核性地位,在居民自治理念导引下,通过中外居民主导公共生活与文化规训的方式,驱动“以人为本”治理理念的落地。社会关系居于基础性地位,受多元参与理念指导,经多主体的多元协同、优势互补过程,驱动多元协同治理主体的形成。社区制度居于保障性地位,受政府主导理念指导,经政府部门主导的柔性治理与多元考量,推动柔性治理策略的实施。

城乡融合发展的内在逻辑与路径选择:基于农民发展的思考

在城乡关系的不断演进中,我国的城乡融合发展形成了独特的内在逻辑与融合路径。“以农民发展为核心,以国家战略规划为引领,以制度优化创新为抓手,政府作用与市场力量协同推进”是新时代城乡融合发展的核心逻辑,其与农民中心逻辑、市场逻辑等具体逻辑,以及农民发展与市民发展协同、农民积极性创造性与农民收益协同、制度优化创新与战略规划协同、政府作用与市场力量协同等协同逻辑,共同构成一个系统化的逻辑体系。城乡融合发展具有全面性和长期性,必须坚持党中央集中统一领导。应深刻认识城乡关系的主要矛盾,全力推进以农民发展为核心的城乡融合发展;科学利用制度优化创新规律,全面推进战略规划引领的城乡融合发展;正确把握政府与市场的辩证关系,促使政府作用与市场力量协同推进城乡融合发展。

中国全球治理观的转型与全球治理变革——以文化融合为分析视角

当今世界正面临越来越多的全球性挑战,全球治理需求愈发多样化,全球治理进入关键期。为了维护人类整体利益和保障多样化的治理需求,世界亟需新的全球治理观来弥合分歧和凝聚共识。当前西方主导的全球治理观在应对这些挑战时显得力不从心,反映中西方文化融合的关系理性主义治理观应运而生。关系理性主义融合了中国的关系性思维文化和西方的理性思维文化的精髓,推动着中国全球治理观的转型和全球治理的变革,即从人类整体本位治理走向人类整体本位治理与个体本位治理的平衡;从规则治理走向规则治理与关系治理的平衡;从多边治理走向多边治理与大国协调治理的平衡;从区域治理走向区域治理与国家治理的平衡。实现全球治理观转型的关键在于能否形成包容性的全球治理观,这关系到全球治理的成败。

新的教育社会契约中的人文主义:传统、局限与超越

随着联合国教科文组织发布《一起重新构想我们的未来:为教育打造新的社会契约》以及联合国召开“教育变革峰会”,新的教育社会契约已成为当今全球教育治理的重要话语。它根植于人文主义传统,与联合国教科文组织此前的前瞻性教育报告一起,建构起与时俱进的人文主义教育思想体系。然而,当人文主义与西方个体理性的底层逻辑相结合时,无法解决个体利益争斗和有效的共同体建设等问题,阻碍了人文主义在全球教育治理中发挥出理想的效果。中华文明中的关系理性能够为新的教育社会契约的未来超越提供思路,培养具备“关系素养”的人来建立真实的“人类命运共同体”,这是中国对未来全球教育治理的可能贡献。

中国近代以来的民族构建及其影响

对当代中国民族现象和民族关系的认知务必注意,不论是中华民族、国内各民族还是民族间关系,均在历史演变基础上经过了近代以来的民族构建过程。其间,历史形态的中华民族,一方面经由人口国民化和国民整体化而形成了国民共同体,另一方面又经由自我构建的各个民族的凝聚而成为一个更大的多族聚合体,实现了现代构建。同时,历史上众多的民族群体,则经过民族构建而成为国内的56个民族。在此过程中,国家因素、国族因素和各族互动三个方面相结合,造就了当代中国的民族关系。经历了这样的民族构建,中华民族、国内56个民族以及民族关系有了今天的形态、面貌和性质。因此,要对当代中国的民族现象和民族关系形成准确的把握,就必须对近代以来的民族构建进行认真的梳理。

算法政治:算法介入国家治理的耦合逻辑与政治效应

进入人工智能时代,算法介入国家治理成为国家治理变革的重要趋势,算法政治研究成为前沿议题。算法介入国家治理的动力包括功能主义、组织契合、社会工程、政企关系四种理论解释;算法通过赋能、赋权和赋智三种机制嵌入国家治理过程,进而形成了算法系统介入国家治理的三种耦合样态:政企合作、政府自建、政社共建。算法在重塑国家内部组织结构、官僚自主性与权力关系的同时,也通过算法中介作用对国家-社会关系的演变产生了巨大影响,这涉及国家-社会间权力配置、社会对国家的约束、国家对社会的干预三个维度。算法政治的未来研究,一方面要打开算法政治黑箱,考察算法政治的类型学及其成因;另一方面要深入探究算法政治在微观、中观和宏观层面的政治效应,以及智能社会中日益凸显的治理算法研究议题。

成渝地区双城经济圈区域协调发展的理论逻辑、实践创新与优化路径

成渝地区双城经济圈建设是深入贯彻党的区域协调发展战略、扎实推进中国式现代化的重要实践途径。成渝地区历经从经济区建设到城市群发展、再到双城经济圈构建的区域协调发展实践进程,基于对跨域治理需求的现实考量,通过调整府际关系、强化地方政府间合作、构建横向行政协调机制,以突破行政区划限制、促进区域资源优化配置、实现风险共担和利益共享,从而推动经济社会、生态环境等层面的均衡发展。新时代十年成渝地区双城经济圈在合作领域、协调机制、利益共享、政策执行方面创新制度体系,实践混合共力型的区域协调发展模式。但是未来在区域规划、利益格局、组织协同、资源配置上成渝地区双城经济圈建设仍面临诸多阻碍因素,需要从理念重塑、外部支持与内部保障三个维度进行路径优化。推动成渝地区双城经济圈建设向高质量阶段迈进意义重大,进一步从规划层面、执行层面、效能层面探索制度措施和协作策略,为形成各具特色、优势互补的区域发展新格局提供实践经验和路径借鉴。

Making central-local relations work: Comparing America and China environmental governance systems

The challenge of making central requirements work at local levels is a common problem for environmental governance throughout the world.Countries can learn from one another’s approaches,but must understand the local con-text in which they are set.This paper compares the features of the China and US environmental governance systems that need be understood by those working between the systems.Key features include:(1)common values which shape the environmental governance choices in both countries,but which may have different practical meanings in each country;(2)America’s common law-based environmental governance system,and China’s civil law system,which involves plan(s)as well as law;(3)America’s Federal central-local system,and China’s unitary central local system.This paper con-cludes by suggesting areas in which further comparative understanding may be of value,including:(1)better under-standing of the role of plan and law in China’s governance system;(2)comparing the American Federal-state agreement system for implementation of environmental law with the China central-local system of target responsibility agreements for plan implementation;(3)improving understanding of nongovernmental resources needed to assure compliance with environmental laws and plans;(4)identifying institutions that can coordinate central-local and cross-border environmental governance.