Control strategy of central pattern generator gait movement under condition of attention selection

As a typical rhythmic movement, human being＇s rhythmic gait movement can be generated by a central pattern generator （CPG） located in a spinal cord by self- oscillation. Some kinds of gait movements are caused by gait frequency and amplitude variances. As an important property of human being＇s motion vision, the attention selection mechanism plays a vital part in the regulation of gait movement. In this paper, the CPG model is amended under the condition of attention selection on the theoretical basis of Matsuoka neural oscillators. Regulation of attention selection signal for the CPG model parameters and structure is studied, which consequentially causes the frequency and amplitude changes of gait movement output. Further, the control strategy of the CPG model gait movement under the condition of attention selection is discussed, showing that the attention selection model can regulate the output model of CPG gait movement in three different ways. The realization of regulation on the gait movement frequency and amplitude shows a variety of regulation on the CPG gait movement made by attention selection and enriches the controllability of CPG gait movement, which demonstrates potential influence in engineering applications.

The choline pathway as a strategy to promote central nervous system(CNS) remyelination

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic companied by demyelination inflammatory disease that is ac- and axonal damage resulting in neurological deficits. Remyelination is the natural endogenous repair mechanism of demyelinated axons and it is supposed to protect axons/neurons from degeneration and thus the patient from progressive disability （Franklin and Ffrench-Constant, 2008）. Current therapeutics for patients with multiple sclerosis are to some extent very effective in inhibiting neuroinflamma- tion and demyelination. However, to date there are no substanc- es available that can enhance remyelination. Remyelination is the result of recruitment/proliferation of new oligodendrocyte precursor cells （OPC） and differentiation into mature myelin producing oligodendrocytes （Franklin and Ffrench-Constant, 2008）. These processes are supported by many factors and signals and failure at any stage might lead to repair failure. Strategies to enhance myelin repair are either the promotion of endogenous repair mechanisms via modulation of OPC prolif- eration and oligodendrocyte differentiation or the transplantion of myelinating cells into lesions. Due to the multiloculated pro- cess in multiple sclerosis and the ethical problems with the cell source, the latter is less favoured. The endogenous promotion of remvelination could be achieved by several approaches such as：

High efficiency ternary organic solar cells enabled by compatible dual-donor strategy with planar conjugated structures

Ternary organic solar cells(OSCs) have received extensive attention for improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE) of organic photovoltaics(OPVs). In this work, a novel donor material(ECTBD) consisting of benzodithiophene(BDT) central electron donor unit was developed and synthesized. The small molecular donor has the same central unit as PM6. The addition of ECTBD into PM6:Y6 system could improve the morphology of active blend layer. In addition, ECTBD showed good morphologically compatibility when blending with PM6:Y6 host, resulting in the improvement of fill factor and current density. As a result, the ternary devices based on PM6:ECTBD:Y6 ternary system achieved a highest PCE of 16.51% with fill factor of 76.24%, which was much higher than that of the binary devices(15.7%). Overall, this work provided an effective strategy to fabricate highly efficient ternary organic solar cells through design of the novel small molecular donor as the third component.

STUDY ON THE CENTRALIZATION STRATEGY OF THE BLOOD ALLOCATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS WITHIN A HOSPITAL

By far, the researches on how to distribute blood products among different departments in hospital have not been further studied, though the problem of blood shortage and wastage that caused by improper blood allocation is severe, which may endanger patient＇s lives and impose considerable costs on hospitals. In order to solve this problem, this paper mainly studies on how to distribute the blood items among different departments within a hospital and investigates the allocation approach with the novel management method by centralizing the inventory of several different departments. By integrating the blood inventory requirements of some departments, the hospital could reduce the rate of blood shortage and wastage effectively, release the pressure of the occupancy of resources and reduce the bullwhip effect of blood products. This paper illustrates the centralization principle in hospital and formulates the mixed integer programming model to work out the optimal allocation network scheme and the optimal inventory setting for every department. And the results of the numerical example demonstrate that this centralization method could considerably reduce blood shortage and wastage in hospital by about 72% and 90% respectively. Furthermore, it could decrease the total cost by about 108,540 RMB a month on blood supply chain management in the hospital and improve the effect of some certain surgeries by transfusing the fresh blood to patients.

Some Observations on The U.S.Greater Central Asia Security Strategy Planning

The United States is shaping a Central Asian Security Strategy Planning with priority on economics and trade. In area of economics and trade, it pushes on the U.S.-Central Asian trade and investment framework agreement, focusing on developing trade in greater Central Asian region so as to encourage the regional countries to lower trade barriers and to advance reconfiguration of the regional countries and Afghanistan neighboring areas. In area of energy, it builds a greater Central Asian transportation network composed of highway, railway, natural gas-pipeline and electricity grid line to boom the regional trade and economy. In area of anti-terrorism, it strengthens security cooperation with the Central Asian countries. Meanwhile, it also pushes forward a multi-lateral security mechanism, increases economic aid, and promotes regional cooperation so as to achieve the regional lasting peace.

CPC Central Committee and State Council Issue Outline of Digital Village Development Strategy

On May 16,2019,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued Outline of Digital Village Development Strategy(shortened into the Outline in the following part),together with a notice requiring discreet implementation by related departments in all areas.The Outline points out that by 2020,a primary progress should be achieved in the field of digital village construction.The coverage rate of 4G in administrative villages of the country should be more than 98%,and the popularization rate of internet connection should be significantly promoted in the rural area.