The cerebellum is a highly conserved structure in the central nervous system of vertebrates, and is involved in the coordination of voluntary motor behavior. Supporting this function, the cerebellar cortex presents a ...The cerebellum is a highly conserved structure in the central nervous system of vertebrates, and is involved in the coordination of voluntary motor behavior. Supporting this function, the cerebellar cortex presents a layered structure which requires precise spatial and temporal coordination of proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis events. The formation of the layered structure in the developing cerebellum remains unclear. The present study investigated the development of the cerebellar cortex. The results demonstrate that the primordium of the cerebellum comprises the ependymal, mantle, and marginal layers at embryonic day 12 （E12）. Subsequently, the laminated cerebellar cortex undergoes cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, and at about postnatal day 0 （P0）, the cerebellar cortex presents an external granular layer, a molecular layer, a Purkinje layer, and an internal granular layer. The external granular layer is thickest at P6/7 and disappears at P20. From P0 to P30, the internal granular cells and the Purkinje cells gradually differentiate and develop until maturity. Apoptotic neurons are evident in the layered structure in the developing cerebellar cortex. The external granular layer disappears gradually because of cell migration and apoptosis. The cells of the other layers primarily undergo differentiation, development, and apoptosis.展开更多
Objective To investigate the spike activities of cerebellar cortical cells in a computational network model con- structed based on the anatomical structure of cerebellar cortex. Methods and Results The multicompartmen...Objective To investigate the spike activities of cerebellar cortical cells in a computational network model con- structed based on the anatomical structure of cerebellar cortex. Methods and Results The multicompartment model of neuron and NEURON software were used to study the external influences on cerebellar cortical cells. Various potential spike patterns in these cells were obtained. By analyzing the impacts of different incoming stimuli on the potential spike of Purkinje cell, temporal focusing caused by the granule cell-golgi cell feedback inhibitory loop to Purkinje cell and spa- tial focusing caused by the parallel fiber-basket/stellate cell local inhibitory loop to Purkinje cell were discussed. Finally, the motor learning process of rabbit eye blink conditioned reflex was demonstrated in this model. The simulation results showed that when the afferent from climbing fiber existed, rabbit adaptation to eye blinking gradually became stable under the Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity （STDP） learning rule. Conclusion The constructed cerebellar cortex network is a reliable and feasible model. The model simulation results confirmed the output signal stability of cerebellar cortex after STDP learning and the network can execute the function of spatial and temporal focusing.展开更多
目的探索海洛因对小脑皮质Bax蛋白(bcl-x protein Bax)表达的影响。方法肌肉注射海洛因,建立成瘾大鼠模型,用免疫组化方法检测小脑细胞Bax的表达。结果连续给大鼠注射海洛因7 d后,大鼠出现明显的戒断症状;小脑细胞中Bax表达阳性细胞比...目的探索海洛因对小脑皮质Bax蛋白(bcl-x protein Bax)表达的影响。方法肌肉注射海洛因,建立成瘾大鼠模型,用免疫组化方法检测小脑细胞Bax的表达。结果连续给大鼠注射海洛因7 d后,大鼠出现明显的戒断症状;小脑细胞中Bax表达阳性细胞比对照组明显增多,与对照组比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论海洛因具有诱导Bax基因表达、损伤脑组织细胞的作用。展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(In vivo microscope observation ofcerebellar parallel fiber synapse reconstruction following injury and regeneration),No.30670688 and(Effects of fetal alcohol syndrome on dendritic spine and synapse development in the pyramidal cells in the visual cortex and hippocampus),No.30771140
文摘The cerebellum is a highly conserved structure in the central nervous system of vertebrates, and is involved in the coordination of voluntary motor behavior. Supporting this function, the cerebellar cortex presents a layered structure which requires precise spatial and temporal coordination of proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis events. The formation of the layered structure in the developing cerebellum remains unclear. The present study investigated the development of the cerebellar cortex. The results demonstrate that the primordium of the cerebellum comprises the ependymal, mantle, and marginal layers at embryonic day 12 （E12）. Subsequently, the laminated cerebellar cortex undergoes cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, and at about postnatal day 0 （P0）, the cerebellar cortex presents an external granular layer, a molecular layer, a Purkinje layer, and an internal granular layer. The external granular layer is thickest at P6/7 and disappears at P20. From P0 to P30, the internal granular cells and the Purkinje cells gradually differentiate and develop until maturity. Apoptotic neurons are evident in the layered structure in the developing cerebellar cortex. The external granular layer disappears gradually because of cell migration and apoptosis. The cells of the other layers primarily undergo differentiation, development, and apoptosis.
基金supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10872069)
文摘Objective To investigate the spike activities of cerebellar cortical cells in a computational network model con- structed based on the anatomical structure of cerebellar cortex. Methods and Results The multicompartment model of neuron and NEURON software were used to study the external influences on cerebellar cortical cells. Various potential spike patterns in these cells were obtained. By analyzing the impacts of different incoming stimuli on the potential spike of Purkinje cell, temporal focusing caused by the granule cell-golgi cell feedback inhibitory loop to Purkinje cell and spa- tial focusing caused by the parallel fiber-basket/stellate cell local inhibitory loop to Purkinje cell were discussed. Finally, the motor learning process of rabbit eye blink conditioned reflex was demonstrated in this model. The simulation results showed that when the afferent from climbing fiber existed, rabbit adaptation to eye blinking gradually became stable under the Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity （STDP） learning rule. Conclusion The constructed cerebellar cortex network is a reliable and feasible model. The model simulation results confirmed the output signal stability of cerebellar cortex after STDP learning and the network can execute the function of spatial and temporal focusing.
文摘目的探索海洛因对小脑皮质Bax蛋白(bcl-x protein Bax)表达的影响。方法肌肉注射海洛因,建立成瘾大鼠模型,用免疫组化方法检测小脑细胞Bax的表达。结果连续给大鼠注射海洛因7 d后,大鼠出现明显的戒断症状;小脑细胞中Bax表达阳性细胞比对照组明显增多,与对照组比有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论海洛因具有诱导Bax基因表达、损伤脑组织细胞的作用。
