From In-Out Duality to the Foundation of Social Quantum Mechanics

This paper introduces a framework of in-out duality, merging insights from quantum mechanics with social sciences to illuminate the complex interplay between internal potentialities and external manifestations. It articulates foundational, mathematical axioms (Entanglement, Homogeneity, Emergence, and Measurement) that underpin the dynamics of systems, emphasizing the interconnectedness and emergent behaviors resulting from internal and external interactions. By exploring quantum concepts like coherence, entanglement, and superposition, the paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach termed Quantum Social Mechanics. This approach challenges classical paradigms, advocating for a reevaluation of conventional notions through the lens of quantum principles. The paper argues that understanding the universe’s complexities requires a synthesis of motion states and potential states, suggesting a paradigm shift towards integrating quantum mechanics into the philosophical foundation of social theory. Through this comprehensive framework, the paper aims to foster a deeper understanding of the universe’s interconnected nature and the dynamic processes that govern the emergence of complex systems and behaviors.

Wave-Particle Duality via Quantum Fisher Information

Quantum Fisher information(QFI) plays an important role in quantum metrology,placing the ultimate limit to how precise we can estimate some unknown parameter and thus quantifying how much information we can extract.We observe that both the wave and particle properties within a Mach–Zehnder interferometer can naturally be quantified by QFI.Firstly,the particle property can be quantified by how well one can estimate the a priori probability of the path taken by the particle within the interferometer.Secondly,as the interference pattern is always related to some phase difference,the wave property can be quantified by how well one can estimate the phase parameter of the original state.With QFI as the unified figure of merit for both properties,we propose a more general and stronger wave-particle duality relation than the original one derived by Englert.

Wave-Particle Duality: Particle Always Remains Particle and Its Wave Function Always Remains Wave

On the question of wave-particle duality, from the historic Bohr-Einstein debates a century ago, to this day, the view expressed in Niels Bohr’s Complementarity Principle has become well established, confirmed by numerous experiments: If the observation is for wave nature, then the particle changes to wave, and if the observation is for particle nature, then the particle remains particle. However, recently this view has been challenged. With proof based on the definition of wave function, it has been shown that particle always remains particle and its wave function always remains wave, no mysterious change from particle to wave and vice versa.

Magnetism: Further Proof of Wave Particle Duality

The question of what magnetism is vital to quantum physics. We know what all other quantum phenomenon is, but we did not know what magnetism is. It is not enough to say it is a force because of a charge. That force must be something, for consistencies sake it had to be tested. This paper was written in order to confirm the results that were received in the experiments that took place that led to the paper “Magnetism: Insights from the Thomas Young Experiment” where it was concluded the magnetic phenomenon is both a particle and a wave. Will different interference patterns confirm a khumalon and wave like behaviour? The khumalon is the name of the particle associated with magnetic phenomenon. This paper concludes by confirming what was discovered in mentioned paper. Magnetism organizes into a wave no matter the interference. Understanding this reality, it allows us to understand what is happening with simple magnetic interactions. When like poles meet because they can not occupy the same space they push each other. Opposite poles are antiparticles to each other and annihilate each other. South pole scientifically speaking is not attracted to the north pole, the reason why the magnets slam each other is because they are closing a magnetic vacuum caused by the particles annihilating each other. We can now start theorizing on why a lodestone attracts iron because we now know we are dealing with a particle.

Magnetism: Further Proof of Wave Particle Duality

The question of what magnetism is vital to quantum physics. We know what all other quantum phenomenon is, but we did not know what magnetism is. It is not enough to say it is a force because of a charge. That force must be something, for consistencies sake it had to be tested. This paper was written in order to confirm the results that were received in the experiments that took place that led to the paper “Magnetism: Insights from the Thomas Young Experiment” where it was concluded the magnetic phenomenon is both a particle and a wave. Will different interference patterns confirm a khumalon and wave like behaviour? The khumalon is the name of the particle associated with magnetic phenomenon. This paper concludes by confirming what was discovered in mentioned paper. Magnetism organizes into a wave no matter the interference. Understanding this reality, it allows us to understand what is happening with simple magnetic interactions. When like poles meet because they can not occupy the same space they push each other. Opposite poles are antiparticles to each other and annihilate each other. South pole scientifically speaking is not attracted to the north pole, the reason why the magnets slam each other is because they are closing a magnetic vacuum caused by the particles annihilating each other. We can now start theorizing on why a lodestone attracts iron because we now know we are dealing with a particle.

含光伏与生物质能的生态农业综合能源系统多能协同及低碳运行策略

双碳政策推动下,乡村农业综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)的多能耦合关系更加复杂。为实现农业园区可靠运行,提出面向生态农业IES的多能互补与低碳运行优化调度策略。首先,基于农业园区的能量流动关系,建立沼气生产环节、多能耦合供应环节以及柔性负荷需求响应环节的数学模型。其次,考虑光伏、负荷和沼气的不确定性,建立生态农业IES两阶段鲁棒优化模型。模型引入碳排放成本和启停成本,可降低农业生产碳排放,防止机组频繁启停。然后,采用列与约束生成算法(column-and-constraint generation,C&CG),结合强对偶定理与线性化理论实现模型求解。最后,基于江西省某生态牧场IES进行算例仿真,验证所提策略的有效性。仿真结果表明,所提策略可实现生态农业IES的协调运行,提高系统经济性、低碳性和能效性。

医学伦理学发展新阶段的历史使命

每个时代都有每个时代伦理学的主轴。当今医学伦理学面临崭新的境遇,资本、技术、权力和全民健康等问题,已经构成医学伦理学应对和挑战的主要课题。新形势向医学伦理学提出了种种新任务,探索完成这些新任务的政策建议和伦理举措;适应新形势医学伦理学如何加强自身理念的充实、创新和提高;在新情境下如何促进医学伦理学在医学领域内的全面覆盖,让医学伦理学在医学中深深扎根,促进医学技术更好地服务于人民大众的健康,都是开启医学伦理学新征程面临的担当。

直流变换器广义对偶与相通性探讨

提出严格对偶和广义对偶的概念,探讨直流变换器的对偶性与相通性。对于三大类直流变换器,即Buck类、Boost类、Buck-Boost类变换器,包括隔离型和非隔离型,推导其严格对偶变换器,并分析可能存在的广义对偶变换器。对于一个已知的基本变换器,发现存在3个与其对偶的变换器,其中一个为严格对偶,两个为广义对偶。采用相通性,分析组合变换器与基本变换器之间的关联及在变换器推演上用到的相似处理方法,有利于变换器拓展与延伸。将软开关直流变换器看作是直流变换器与软开关电路的组合,可采用对偶与相通的方法对其进行研究。重点研究准谐振变换器的广义对偶与严格对偶,简要分析其余软开关直流变换器的对偶性。最后,通过分析直流变换器和软开关直流变换器仿真波形上的对偶性,验证理论分析的正确性。

数据如何驱动制造型企业平台战略转型——基于数据组织属性及凯盛企业集团案例研究

数字技术与经济活动的深度融合,无论从深度和广度上都加快了经济与社会发展。作为资源和技术手段的数据,极大改变了传统微观企业运营管理模式及战略。文章提出数据具有自组织和他组织二重属性,数据组织二重性及其杠杆效应成为在位企业对其他企业竞争壁垒,并运用案例进一步阐释“数据资源+”作用机理及如何构筑了企业竞争优势,促进企业平台化战略转型。

论中国学科教师教育的二元性建构:价值、内涵与进路

中小学科目学科的学科教师教育与大学学术学科的学科教师教育是学科教师教育的双重学科内涵,二者间的相关关系构成了中国学科教师教育的二元性本质特征。学科教师教育的二元性有助于更好发挥服务国家重大战略的价值,补齐旧有学科课程与教学论的短板,完善中小学教师的教研、科研与培训体系。学科教师教育的二元性是学科以及学科教育二元性的概念进阶与逻辑递进,中小学科目学科与大学学术学科的教师教育既彼此区别,又相互联系。未来应基于学术学科教师教育促进大学教师教育的诸要素耦合,以科目学科教师教育为内核为我国区县教师教育体系底座建基,促进学术学科与科目学科教师教育体系的融合与一体化,对不同学科教师教育二元性分别开展持续研究。

IPO超募对企业创新的影响研究

为探究IPO超募对企业创新的影响,研究选取我国2018—2021年沪深A股上市企业为初始样本,经过倾向性匹配方法后进行实证检验。回归发现企业IPO超募能够促进企业创新。自由现金流和管理者过度自信是IPO超募对企业创新影响的渠道机制。通过区分创新类型发现,IPO超募仅能促进“实质性创新”,而对“策略性创新”的影响不显著。进一步研究发现,IPO超募在两职合一的企业、具有良好投资机会的企业以及融资约束更高的企业中对创新的促进效应显著。研究结论有助于外部主体有针对性了解、引导和监督超募资金的使用情况,进而发挥IPO超募的积极意义。

“结构二重性”视域下的学科交叉融合:理想类型、现实挑战与“意外后果”

基于“结构二重性”理论,引入“理想类型”概念工具,建构了学科交叉融合结构的理想类型——“外驱发展型结构”、“内驱建设型结构”、“外驱维持型结构”和“内驱悬浮型结构”。当前的学科交叉融合实践偏离了“内驱建设型结构”的理想模式,存在学科交叉融合形式化、监督考核方的反思性监控过强、学科交叉融合建设者策略性选择并异化学科交叉融合过程的现实挑战,出现多元行动者在反复再生产中推动并维持以形式化和学科化为表征的“悬浮型”次生结构的“意外后果”。深入推动学科交叉融合,亟须在“内生性制度创新”引导下,以创建新型组织形式为依托,创新管理体系为载体,营造学科交叉生态为基础,优化评价体系为导向,培育“内驱建设型结构”。

电路的量纲模型与相似性原理和对偶性原理

宇宙量纲模型的思想适用于任何系统,物理系统适用,电路系统也同样适用。系统地分析总结了电路运行的基本原理,确定了电路系统的量纲,提出了电路的量纲模型、相似性原理和对偶性原理及规律拓展性原理等概念,并给出了相似性原理和对偶性原理的一些应用实例。

基诺族森林利用与保护的二元一体思想

历史时期基诺族在生态、物质层面对森林的利用程度较高,然而其赖以生存和发展的基诺山到20世纪50年代末仍然有较高的森林覆盖率,森林利用与保护的二元一体是其森林保持状态较好的重要原因。基诺族森林利用与保护的二元一体思想在技术层面主要包括错位、适时、适用及防火,精神层面为敬先用后,制度层面主要包括权属明确、滥伐则罚。森林利用与保护表现出较强的整体性,形成以护林为轴心的“用林—护林—用林”双向循环运转模式,在此基础上形成林人共生格局。

考虑双重信息不对称及互动二元性的医患信任机制

从医患双方出发,考虑信任关系建立中医患互动的二元性,构建双重信息不对称下逆向选择与道德风险同时存在的医患信任演化博弈模型。通过模型求解和仿真模拟,分析各因素对医患信任的影响。结果表明,医患双方对彼此的期望高于实际能力并不总是导致负面情绪,在期望高于实际但不超过临界值的情况下,合理的高期望有助于双方信任策略演化;在确保患方信息受益的情况下,即使相对医方存在信息劣势,医患双方依旧倾向于信任策略;提高医方沟通能力、降低患者道德风险对信任策略选择更为关键。最后,结合1·20北京朝阳医院伤医案事件,讨论了医患沟通、期望及道德风险等因素对医患双方信任行为的演化结果,论证了模型的有效性。

以孔子的眼光看古典文明

孔子是一个“划时代”的人物,其思想包含两个时代的差异和矛盾。比如孔子的“仁”的观念,即表现了从仪式中心向伦理中心的转变。分析孔子人生和思想的两重性,有助于澄清“轴心突破”理论所造成的对孔子和古典文明的两个误解:其一强调孔子在“突破”“超越”方面的特色而不重视他对周代礼乐的继承,其二强调古典文明对秩序、规范、节制的重视而忽视它同思想自由、言论自由的关系。在此基础上看古典文明的特质,可以建立一个明确的认识,即作为华夏人进入文明时代以后全部智慧之结晶,古典文明既包含多种思想形态又有丰富的历史层次。

明清制义的排偶形态及其文体规定性

自明代至清末,制义的文体形态发生过一系列的变化,其正讲部分不仅出现过两扇、四段、六股、八股、十二股等对偶形态,而且出现过三股、五股、七股、九股的排比形态,这是明清制义“循题立格”原则的实践结果。明代成化以后制义以八股为常态,清代嘉庆以后则以六股为常态。“八股文”一词不足以涵盖制义的文体形态的丰富性,从“八股文”一词去考察明、清制义的源流,我们很难把握到明清制义的文体规定性。遵朱注,是制义在义理阐释上的规定性;入口气,是制义修辞的规定性;而“体用排偶”则是制义正讲部分的文体规定性。正讲部分最富于变化,也最能体现作者的写作个性,是我们考察明、清制义文格的正与变的一个窗口。清代制义家在“体用排偶”与“以古文为时文”进行调和,提出“以比偶为单行”的修辞原则。

一维两阀:从《筑山庭造传》中辑考日本“江户造园新体图式”

长期以来,中日两国的造园理论体系被限定为一种“外师造化、中得心源”的产物,并将其视为是一种由“心”而生的艺术创造。江户时代之后,日本造园界将中国的“气象体志”理论发展总结为“技艺”“心”与“感”3个层次,后又总结成更为简化的神仙气、轮苑气、山林气、出世气、儒先气等俗理,并根据江户时代的赏析习惯,绘制出“真行草”47种规范化的造园图式,形成了“一维两阀”的造园现象,一跃成为研究日本古典造园艺术“图式”的学术途径与法门钥匙。基于对日本江户时期北村援琴的造园著作《筑山庭造传》的研究,将“美感”视作造园生发程式化设计的主要脉络,对日本“江户美感新体图式”的创新路径进行学术探讨,由此检验北村援琴所主张的内在渊源、理论谱系和路径谱系等问题,并以此充当研究中国造园文献之重要补遗。

国家治理视角下的总体性社会情绪

总体性社会情绪主要是指弥散在不同社会群体之中、容易形成共鸣并分享的一种相对一致的群体表达,是人们在社会认知、社会认同以及行为取向基础上形成的一种相对稳定的信念、精神和价值观。总体性社会情绪主要由社会认知、社会认同与行为取向组成,并通过满意度、社会信任与社会信心实现操作化,其功能则主要在于社会整合与结构维持。总体性社会情绪嵌入社会的结构之中,其结构的二重性表现为在总体性社会情绪引导下的社会行为既维持结构,又改变结构;对人们的行为有制约作用,同时也是行为的前提与条件。国家治理的过程实质上就是对这种总体性社会情绪的建构、解构和重构。通过总体性社会情绪来认识时代与社会,并将其作为国家治理政策工具的努力,具有重要的学术研究和政策启示价值。

智能算法的资本化效应及其辩证检视

资本虽然具有与生俱来的逐利剥削性及残酷性,但也不自觉地推动了生产力的更新发展,从而体现出“文明面”。智能算法作为当代资本主义社会生产过程中的数智化劳动资料,在收集、分析处理人类数字活动所产生的数据化生产要素中具有重要作用。资本增殖逻辑必然引发智能算法资本化,导致人的数字异化。但资本的二重性也隐含了对这种异化的扬弃。辩证地检视资本二重性下智能算法的社会应用,要走出其异化效应,就需要走向数字生产资料的共同占有,发展共享性数字技术文化,推动智能算法的社会主义构建,实现人的自由发展与人的本质的复归。