Microstructure Evolution of AZ31 Mg Alloy during Change Channel Angular Extrusion

Microstructure evolution of AZ31 Mg alloy during change-channel angular extrusion （CCAE） was investigated. The grains of AZ31 Mg alloy were refined significantly from 500 mm to 15 mm after CCAE deformed at 523 K. Dislocations were induced at the initial stage of extrusion and they rearranged themselves to form dislocation boundaries and sub-grain boundaries during deformation. When the specimen through the horizontal change channel with the strain increased, the sub-boundaries evolved to high angle grain boundaries （HAGB）. The process of grain refinement can be described as continuous dynamic recovery and recrystallization （CDRR）.

AZ31镁合金变通道角挤压工艺

将Φ40mm×50mm的AZ31镁合金圆棒经变通道角挤压（Change channel angular extrusion,CCAE）成厚度约为5mm的板材。通过TEM观察表明,AZ31镁合金的形核机制主要是动态再结晶形核。结果表明,经CCAE变形后,由晶粒的剪切破碎和动态再结晶使得镁合金晶粒明显细化。内角、挤压比、挤压温度和挤压速率等对板材的显微组织结构有重要的影响。在100-450℃温度范围内进行CCAE变形,AZ31镁合金的晶粒尺寸随变形温度的升高而增大。AZ31镁合金经CCAE热变形后,合金的综合力学性能得到改善。

挤压比对AZ31镁合金变通道角挤压影响的数值模拟

通过Gleeble-1500D热模拟机获得AZ31镁合金的应力-应变曲线,采用DEFORM-3D软件对其变通道角(CCAE)挤压过程进行了模拟,并分析了不同挤压比对挤压过程的应力和应变影响。结果表明,挤压比越大,所需的挤压力越大,且挤压后期挤压力减少比例越大,材料动态再结晶的程度越高。随着挤压比的增大,表面质量反而逐渐增高,试样平均等效应变成线性增大。