Association between Occupational Change Trajectories and Mental Health: Results from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

Objectives:This study was to longitudinally investigate the association between occupational change trajectories and mental health in the Korean population aged 45 years and older from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging(KLo-SA).Methods:After excluding missing values,the data of 6,224 participants from thefirst to eighth waves of the KLo-SA were analyzed using t-test,Analysis of variance(ANOVA),Group-based Trajectory Model(GBTM)from 1–5th KLoSA and Time-Lagged Generalized estimating equation(GEE)model from 5–8th KLoSA to analyze the association between occupational change trajectories and mental health in the Korean population aged 45 years and older.Results:An analysis of the association between occupational change trajectories and mental health demonstrated that,among all age group,the“sustained in unemployment”group had a worse MMSE and CESD score compared to“sustained WC”group.unlike the under-54 age group,those aged≥55 years demonstrated reductions in the MMSE and CESD scores in the sustained unemployment and the changed working condition from Standard BC to Unemployment groups,whereas those who underwent a change from the Standard WC to unemployment group only demonstrated a reduction in MMSE scores.Conclusions:There was a close relationship between occupational change trajectories and mental health.Therefore,this study can serve as the foundation for policies and institutional measures to manage the deteriorate mental health in the late middle-aged and older population.

STATUS OF PACIFIC REGION IN GLOBAL CHANGE——An Analysis of the X VIII Pacific Science Congress

Last June more than one thousand scientists from over 50 countries in the Pacific and other regions of the world gathered in Beijing of China and participated in the ⅩⅤⅢ Pacific Science Congress. This was an international general academic congress which had involved natural science, social science, engineering science,

Empirical Changes in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Chinese Students from 1985 to 2010 and Corresponding Preventive Strategies

Objective To determine the extent of the obesity epidemic in school‐aged Chinese children in 2010 and track the increasing trend in different socioeconomic regions over the preceding 25 years. Strategies for preventing childhood obesity are suggested. Methods We used a dataset provided by the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health from 1985‐2010. Subjects were 7‐18‐year‐old students randomly selected from urban and rural areas in 30 provinces. Eight subgroups were created according to region and socioeconomic status. Results Increased rates of the epidemic （overweight and obesity combined） were greatest in large coastal cities‐32.6% and 19.1% among males and females, respectively. These rates has neared that of developed countries. Similar increases were found in all other regions, including the once poverty‐stricken rural west. The epidemic in most of the rural areas began after 2000, but has spread swiftly over the last decade. In 2010, it was estimated that 9.9% of Chinese school‐aged children and adolescents were overweight and that an additional 5.1% were obese, representing an estimated 30.43 million individuals. Conclusion The prognosis for China＇s childhood‐obesity epidemic is dire. To prevent childhood obesity, we suggest several strategies, including reasonable dietary intake, increase physical activity, a change in sedentary lifestyles and corresponding behavioral modifications.

On the Present Situation and Trend of Vietnamese Chinese Poetry Research

Based on the analysis of the historical background and current situation of the study of Vietnamese Chinese poetry, this paper analyzes the achievements and shortcomings of the existing research. It is found that although there are a large number of authors and achievements in the study of Vietnamese Chinese poetry in the past 40 years, it still stays in the low level of work elaboration and literature review, and lacks of theoretical and systematic research. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the current situation of Vietnamese Chinese poetry research, and to explore the new path and method of Chinese scholars’ research on Vietnamese Chinese poetry through comparative analysis of domestic and foreign research results.

Application of psychological intervention in intensive care unit nursing for patients with severe acute pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a familiar critical disease in the intensive care unit(ICU)patients.Nursing staff are important spiritual pillars during the treatment of patients,and in addition to routine nursing,more attention needs be paid to the patient’s psychological changes.AIM To investigate the effects of psychological intervention in ICU patients with SAP.METHODS One hundred ICU patients with SAP were hospitalized in the authors’hospital between 2020 and 2023 were selected,and divided into observation and control groups per the hospitalization order.The control and observation groups received routine nursing and psychological interventions,respectively.Two groups are being compared,using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Determination Scale(SDS),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)Ⅱ,and 36-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)scores;nursing satisfaction of patients;ICU care duration;length of stay;hospitalization expenses;and the incidence of complications.RESULTS After nursing,the SDS,SAS,and APACHEⅡ scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than in the control group(P<0.05).The SF-36 scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of patients in the experimental group was 94.5%,considerably higher than that of 75.6% in the control group(P<0.05).The ICU care duration,length of stay,and hospitalization expenses in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the incidence of complications was lower(P<0.05).CONCLUSION For patients with SAP,the implementation of standardized psychological intervention measures can effectively alleviate adverse psychological conditions.

Factors related to changes in foot status and foot care in patients with diabetes mellitus participating in an exercise health education program

Purpose: To identify factors related to changes in foot status and foot care in patients with diabetes mellitus participating in an exercise program. Methods: The subjects were 21 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (8 males, 13 females). The mean age of the patients was 62.3 ± 12.5 years old. Foot status, physical measurements and daily activities were monitored and several surveys were performed. Results: Changes in foot status were significantly positively correlated with walking at normal speed (r = 0.54, p < 0.05) and fast speed (r = 0.68, p p < 0.05). Foot care showed a significant negative correlation with burden of diet therapy (r = -0.48, p < 0.05) and a significant positive correlation with the self-efficacy of diet therapy (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Subjects who were fast walkers showed greater changes in foot status. Poor foot care behavior is also related to greater changes in foot status. Regular interventions for foot care are important to improve self-care behavior during an exercise program.

Holocene lake carbon sequestration, hydrological status and vegetation change, China

Lakes have received considerable attention as long-term sinks for organic carbon(C)at regional and global scales.Previ ous studies have focused on assessment and quantification of carbon sinks,and few have worked on the relationship be tween millennial-scale lake C sequestration,hydrological status and vegetation,which has important scientific signifi cance in improving our understanding of lake C stocks and storage mechanisms.Here,we present a comprehensive study of pollen records,organic geochemical proxies,lake-level records,sediment accumulation rate(SAR)and organic C accu mulation rate(CAR)in China since the Holocene.We also include numerical climate classification and lake-level simula tions,to investigate variations of lake C sequestration,hydrological status and vegetation during the Holocene.Results in dicate that the evolution of lake C accumulation showed an out-of-phase relationship with hydrological status and vegeta tion in China.Lake C accumulation exhibited an overall trend of increasing from the early to late Holocene in response to gradually increasing terrestrial organic matter input.However,China as a whole experienced the densest vegetation cover in the middle Holocene,corresponding to the mid-Holocene optimum of a milder and wetter climate.Optimal hydrologi cal conditions were asynchronous in China;for example,early Holocene in Asian monsoon dominated areas,and middle Holocene in westerlies controlled regions.Our synthesis indicated that climate change was the main factor controlling the long-term variability in lake C accumulation,hydrologic conditions,as well as vegetation,and human influences were usu ally superimposed on the natural trends.

Antioxidant Status in Persons With and Without Senile Lens Changes

Biochemical evidence on lens culture suggests that antioxidant nutrients can protect lens against peroxidation caused by radiation. A case-control study was carried out on 262 middle aged (45-54) and aged (55-64) subjects. The relationship between biochemical markers of antioxidant status and senile lens changes (including cataract) was examined in 131 subjects with senile lens changes and 131 control subjects with clear lens. Antioxidant status was measured using plasma and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and plasma levels of vitamine E and vitamin A. Subjects were grouped by age and sex. The results were as follows: (1) The subjects with lens changes tended to have lower plasma levels of vitamin E and vitamin A, lower activity of several antioxidant enzymes and higher level of MDA. (2) The subjects with senile lens changes had significantly lower erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase level.(3) In the middle-aged group, subjects with senile lens changes were observed to have lower erythrocyte and plasma glutathione peroxidase level than those without senile lens changes.The results suggest that appropriate amount of antoxidant nutrients might be expected to prevent or retard the process of lens changes

Psychological status and behavior changes of the public during the COVID-19 epidemic in China

Background:A cluster of pneumonia cases were reported by Wuhan Municipal Health Commission,China in December 2019.A novel coronavirus was eventually identified,and became the COVID-19 epidemic that affected public health and life.We investigated the psychological status and behavior changes of the general public in China from January 30 to February 3,2020.Methods:Respondents were recruited via social media(WeChat)and completed an online questionnaire.We used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,Self-rating Depression Scale,and Symptom Checklist-90 to evaluate psychological status.We also investigated respondents’behavior changes.Quantitative data were analyzed by t-tests or analysis of variance,and classified data were analyzed with chi-square tests.Results:In total,608 valid questionnaires were obtained.More respondents had state anxiety than trait anxiety(15.8%vs 4.0%).Depression was found among 27.1%of respondents and 7.7%had psychological abnormalities.About 10.1%of respondents suffered from phobia.Our analysis of the relationship between subgroup characteristics and psychological status showed that age,gender,knowledge about COVID-19,degree of worry about epidemiological infection,and confidence about overcoming the outbreak significantly influenced psychological status.Around 93.3%of respondents avoided going to public places and almost all respondents reduced Spring Festival-related activities.At least 70.9%of respondents chose to take three or more preventive measures to avoid infection.The three most commonly used prevention measures were making fewer trips outside and avoiding contact(98.0%),wearing a mask(83.7%),and hand hygiene(82.4%).Conclusions:We need to pay more attention to public psychological stress,especially among young people,as they are likely to experience anxiety,depression,and psychological abnormalities.Different psychological interventions could be formulated according to the psychological characteristics of different gender and age groups.The majority of respondents followed specific behaviors required by the authorities,but it will take time to observe the effects of these behaviors on the epidemic.

吟咏情性的宗旨与变风变雅的传统

《毛诗·大序》在其整体抒情理论的基础上提出“吟咏情性”之说,用来解释变风变雅。《诗经》的艺术成就主要体现在变风、变雅之上。虽然历代王朝雅颂继承《诗经》的雅颂传统,诗人们也提倡正风正雅,但是中国古代文人诗史的主流为变风变雅。汉魏晋文人诗是在王道变衰、风衰俗怨的现实背景中发生的,所以虽然汉魏诗以言志为本,但其创作的性质实为变风变雅。东晋至南朝,吟咏情性之说流行,但发展至齐梁的绮靡之风,实是失去了吟咏情性的宗旨。唐代诗学回归《毛诗·大序》的纲领,以别裁风雅正变为基本的诗学思想,唐诗创作的主体在于变风。情性说在宋代与义理相融,上升为一种诗歌本体之论,宋诗的主体,具有变雅的性质。整个中国诗史,王朝政治与诗学正变,有一种循环出现的规律性表现,即王朝初期以雅颂、雅正为主,但此期一代诗风并未形成;其一代诗风的形成,多是在王朝中后期变风、变雅的时期。

聂景孺《樱花馆日本诗话》考论

聂景孺的《樱花馆日本诗话》是中国诗话史上唯一一部关于日本汉诗的专论。作者1914年留学日本时,收集了117名日本汉诗人的作品247首,74联,分别录入110则诗话,并加以品评。本文对该书的作者身世、全书构成、资料来源以及编撰特色做了全面考察,指出作者为中国读者展示了一幅明治汉诗坛丰富多彩的画卷,但作品采纳较为随意,审美倾向较为保守,特别是对所收诗作擅自做了大量改动,却从未明言,这一点须加注意。

清代诗学批评视野下王昌龄诗歌接受的新变

清代是王昌龄诗歌接受史链条上最为关键的一环,出现了三个新变化:第一,清人首次提出王昌龄为“七绝圣手”,其七绝诗歌特质及地位更加突出;第二,清人突破明代“王不及李(白)”的观点,将唐人绝句“王李”并称的主张推向新阶段且渐成定论;第三,清人辩证评价王昌龄古体诗,走出了唐宋首推王昌龄五古、明代侧重王昌龄七绝之偏,兼重王昌龄古体与绝句。清人尤推崇王昌龄以极为精赡的七言绝句展现边塞大漠风貌和戍边军旅“意态雄健”、气势磅礴的英雄气概,以及善于捕捉或创造典型场景、善于表现情绪微妙变化的高超诗艺。

明清诗歌叙事传统之因变及研治策略

明清诗歌叙事传统之确立,绝非独立突兀地自成一体;而是经历长期的蓄势发展,并以元代诗歌叙事为前导。正是在因承早前的基础上,才有所拓展并现若干新变。其拓展与新变固然重要,但并非诗歌叙事之主导;主导明清时期诗歌叙事的,还是诗歌叙事传统之因承。在因承的基础上拓充,在新变的驱动下互渗,拓充与互渗,才是其主线。故明清诗歌叙事传统之因承新变,主要表征为体制拓充与功能互渗。尽管学界期待对之作定量分析,但在目前条件下暂时难以落实;针对明清诗歌叙事传统因承新变的研治策略,还应落实为定性分析、特征描述和变量追踪。

以论附注:王昶金石题跋与清人的金石阅读

金石题跋承载着金石学家的思想与情感,是其金石学思想从石本到纸本、从静态到动态的重要表现形式。《金石萃编》所录374则题跋是王昶金石学思想的结晶,其内容或订正金石文字、或补充史志之阙、或校勘文集错讹。题跋具有明显的“以论附注”特点,即在行文中考订金石原委、归纳金石义例、总结学术流变。就阅读史角度而言,金石题跋是“撰作者、书写者、锤拓者、阅读者”四位一体的凝结。此外,作为金石题跋的重要补充,金石诗通过诗歌再现了金石阅读的场景,成为王昶“以论附注”的另一种呈现。

《长安三万里》中的李白形象评析--从历史真实与审美价值的关系出发

影片《长安三万里》自上映以来在票房和口碑上都获得了巨大的成功,但同时也出现了一些争议,争议主要集中在电影对历史人物形象和历史事件的篡改上。影片中尤其是著名诗人李白的形象,部分与历史事实不符,也部分偏离了大众对李白的想象。在权威、准确、客观的历史书写与充满诗意、侠气、悲情的人物形象之间,影片选择了塑造后者。追光动画公司在《长安三万里》中摈弃了其常用的中西、古今结合的传统文化策略,专注于对盛唐气象和诗人群像的艺术呈现,以高适和李白为中心,再现了唐代诗歌以及李白作为诗人和传奇人物所具有的巨大艺术感染力和审美价值。

论苏轼“有为而作”的讽喻诗学思想

中国古典诗歌具有关注现实、批判现实的讽喻功用,这种文学与现实的紧密联通关系在士大夫参政议政的宋代社会表现得格外显著。苏轼提倡“有为而作”的诗歌讽喻精神,批评晚唐五代诗风的过分雕琢,坚持诗歌创作要针对现实弊病直言讽刺,传达出人自觉的主体意识和忧国忧民、心系天下的家国情怀。与此同时,激烈政党斗争使文学讽喻精神变得模糊多义,乌台诗案的文字狱经历更促使苏轼及宋诗坛对讽喻诗学思想进行反省,导致苏轼转而追求内心的自适,也引起宋诗坛向温柔敦厚诗风靠近,这些转变总体来说仍属于儒家诗学范畴,表现了宋诗人对讽谏劝诫的顽强坚持和力求补偏救弊的士人风范。

从单元视域下看贬谪类诗词中作者情感倾向的共性

统编版教材九上第三单元为古代散文与诗歌单元。在这个单元里,不难发现诗人词人间都存在相似的被贬人生经历。在诗词学习中,为了探究这些被贬诗人所写诗词中相似的情感变化和情感经历,可以结合所用典故的走向和趋势来得到情感和命运的暗示,可以通过画面的变化揣测情感的变化,也可以通过知人论世揣摩人物最终的情感态度。

守正出新:屈大均古体诗的用韵艺术--兼论《怡怡堂诗韵序》的韵学观

屈大均古体诗用韵艺术具有守正出新的鲜明特色:五言古诗以一韵到底为正体,多用古韵通转是其一大特色;七言古诗以换韵为正体,“三三制”韵式是其一大特色。五七古正体之外,亦有“变体”的创作实验。屈大均另有《怡怡堂诗韵序》一文,系统表达了其韵学观,具有与用韵实践相印证的特殊价值,也有助于展示清代韵学进入诗学的具体路径。

乾隆朝忠孝诗教及其困境--以“兕觥归赵”事件为例

清乾隆五十三年(1788),在江西学政翁方纲的协助下,明万历五年(1577)张居正夺情事件中赵用贤受赠的兕觥最终回归赵氏后人。这一桩关涉明清鼎革历史与忠孝大义的事件,经由翁方纲传扬,受众多文人雅士歌咏,成为推广清高宗所倡忠孝诗教的典型。但此桩南北共唱的盛事并未对乾嘉诗坛产生深层次影响,其所宣扬的忠孝诗教亦行之未远,这实乃受政治语境之限制、传统诗教之异化与朝野诗学之分化等因素的影响。“兕觥归赵”事件的诗歌唱和活动及其宣扬的忠孝诗教之困境,反映了清代文化政策在推行过程中未必能够得到彻底的贯彻,因此其对诗家观念和诗学风气的影响亦须辩证地看待。

陶诗所见《周易》的运用

陶渊明对《周易》的运用,除了《周易》思想以及卦名、卦爻辞、《易传》外,对《周易》卦意以及“卦表象意”“象表卦意”的思维方式也有一定的运用。从诗学角度分析这些运用,可看出陶渊明不仅深受时代哲学“得意忘象”的影响,亦受传统诗学理论“诗言志”发展的沾溉。同时陶渊明《停云》诗中可能还存在对象数易的运用,结合陶渊明对《周易》的其他运用来看,在总体上体现了陶渊明“好读书,不求甚解”的广收博取,集时代之大成。