Cold Atom Cloud with High Optical Depth Measured with Large Duty Cycle

We present a cold atom system with a dark-line two-dimensional magneto-optical trap, to increase the atomic density by suppressing the atomic radiation pressure. Optical depth （OD） and duty cycle are used to evaluate the system performance. We demonstrate a 100% increase in OD with the dark line, and obtain an ultrahigh OD of 264 with 10% for the duty cycle. Also, with an efficient dark line region, the OD could maintain above i00 with duty cycle as high as 30%. The cold atomic ensemble with an ultrahigh OD with a 10%-30% duty cycle is particularly advantageous in quantum i^formation processing and communication.

Unraveling the Cenozoic carbon cycle by reconstructing carbonate compensation depth(CCD)

The Carbonate Compensation Depth(CCD)refers to the depth within the ocean where the production and dissolution rates of carbonates reach equilibrium,widely likened to the oceanic calcareous‘snowline’.The reconstruction of deep-time CCD has significant implications for understanding ocean circulation,seawater chemical conditions,sediment distribution,and the surface carbon cycle.This paper critically reviews the methods for CCD reconstruction,summarizes the driving mechanisms of the Cenozoic CCD evolution and its association with the carbon cycle,and offers insights into future directions for CCD research.CCD reconstruction has evolved over the past half century from early qualitative to quantitative methods.These methodological improvements have markedly improved the accuracy and resolution of CCD.Existing studies have indicated a general trend of the CCD deepening across major ocean basins since the Cenozoic,interspersed with a minor shallowing phase during the mid-Miocene.The variations in the CCD are primarily influenced by factors such as ocean productivity,weathering,and shelf-basin partitioning.During climate events such as the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum,the CCD exhibits pulselike fluctuations.Future research should focus on precision and quantification while integrating model simulations to further explore the correlations and response mechanisms between the CCD and the paleoclimate as well as the carbon cycle.

Geophysical methods for the study of sedimentary cycles

We present the wavelet depth-frequency analysis and variable-scale frequency cycle analysis methods to study sedimentary cycles. The spectrum analysis, variable-scale frequency cycle analysis, and wavelet depth-frequency analysis methods are mainly discussed to distinguish sedimentary cycles of different levels. The spectrum analysis method established the relationship between the spectrum characteristics and the thickness and number of sedimentary cycles. Both the variable-scale frequency cycle analysis and the wavelet depth-frequency analysis are based on the wavelet transform. The variable-scale frequency cycle analysis is used to obtain the relationship between the periodic changes of frequency in different scales and sedimentary cycles, and the wavelet depth-frequency analysis is used to obtain the relationship between migration changes of frequency energy clusters and sedimentary cycles. We designed a soft-ware system to process actual logging data from the Changqing Oilfield to analyze the sedimentary cycles, which verified the effectiveness of the three methods, and good results were obtained.

Study of sedimentary sequence cycles by well-seismic calibration

In order to solve the problems of the fine division of sedimentary sequence cycles and their change in two-dimensional space as well as lateral extension contrast, we developed a method of wavelet depth-frequency analysis. The single signal and composite signal of different Milankovitch cycles are obtained by numerical simulation. The simulated composite signal can be separated into single signals of a single frequency cycle. We also develop a well-seismic calibration insertion technology which helps to realize the calibration from the spectrum characteristics of a single well to the seismic profile. And then we determine the change and distribution characteristics of spectrum cycles in the two-dimensional space. It points out the direction in determining the variations of the regional sedimentary sequence cycles, underground strata structure and the contact relationship.

重建南海27Ma以来高分辨率碳酸盐补偿深度

新生代海洋碳酸盐补偿深度(CCD)的重建长期受到学术界的广泛关注。本研究以南海14个站位20个钻孔的综合大洋钻探计划(IODP)物质数据与年龄-深度模型,恢复了对应钻孔的古水深,计算了碳酸盐累积速率(CAR),基于线性回归的方法,重建了南海27 Ma以来CCD变化。研究结果显示:南海在海盆拉张形成期(27~18 Ma)出现了CCD超过2000 m大幅度的下降;在随后的中中新世气候适宜期(MMCO)期间,南海CCD出现800 m变浅。8 Ma以来南海CCD演化和赤道太平洋的演化呈现了不同的演化趋势:前者在3500~4000 m范围内波动,后者则从4000 m持续下降到4500 m左右。27 Ma之前,广泛的陆源输入和上升洋流发育导致南海出现浅的CCD。27~18 Ma时期的构造拉张导致的海盆加深,同时上升洋流减弱,被解释为该时期CCD下降的主要因素。MMCO期间气候驱动下的海平面波动导致了碳酸盐沉积核心区域的变化,是造成CCD波动的重要原因。8 Ma以来南海和太平洋CCD的差异演化是太平洋底水与南海底水的交换不畅的结果。

表面微结构的宽深比与占空比对马氏体不锈钢空化和空蚀的影响

目的探究表面微结构尺寸变化对空蚀过程的影响以及作用机制。方法根据点阵型表面微结构的截面形状,改变其宽深比和占空比,用Gambit对其建立二维平面模型。使用Fluent软件对不同尺寸下微结构模型的空蚀过程进行模拟计算,得到绝对压力、含汽率以及气泡运动速度等参数。最后根据模拟计算的结果,在样品表面加工出不同占空比的微结构,使用磁致超声振动空化设备,在与数值模拟相同环境条件下进行空蚀试验,采用失重法对模拟结果进行验证。结果数值模拟分析显示,微结构的宽深比和占空比对空蚀过程均有影响。当宽深比小于2.5时,微结构底面的含汽率降至0.1以下,沟槽内形成一层“液垫”,减缓了空蚀。相较于其他占空比,当占空比为0.91时,含汽率最小,保持在0.4以下,样品表面同样形成“液垫”,缓冲了气泡溃灭时作用在材料表面的冲击力。此外,随着占空比的增大,微结构表面的绝对压力与液体的饱和蒸汽压差距增大,降低了空化程度,同样起到了减缓空蚀的作用。不同占空比下的微结构样品和光滑样品的空蚀试验结果表明,微结构样品的空蚀质量损失均小于光滑样品的空蚀质量损失,且当占空比为0.91时,空蚀质量损失最小,为5.95 mg,远小于占空比为0.71和0.38时,微结构样品。同样证明了表面微结构占空比越大,材料的耐空蚀性能越好。结论微结构宽深比主要影响微结构底面的含汽率,而占空比影响样品表面的绝对压力和微结构顶面的含汽率。相较于光滑表面,微结构样品可以有效减缓马氏体不锈钢的空蚀损伤。当宽深比较小、占空比较大时,材料表面的含汽率保持在较低的水平,有利于减缓空蚀损伤。

考虑充放电策略对储能寿命影响的新型分布式储能优化配置研究

针对储能使用寿命在投资决策中的关键作用及其与充放电策略和放电深度的非线性复杂关系,提出一种考虑充放电策略对储能寿命影响的新型储能规划配置方法。首先,根据放电深度与储能寿命及循环次数的关系建立了储能年等效额定放电量计算方法。其次,建立考虑充放电策略对储能寿命影响的电池储能优化配置模型,在确保储能设计使用寿命的同时使储能全寿命周期内的收益最大。而且进一步提出了改进的多种群遗传算法进行优化求解,提高了求解速度与收敛性。最后,利用改进的IEEE-39节点风光水系统进行测试,证实了方法的有效性。

干湿循环下煤矸石混凝土氯离子分布规律研究

为研究在干湿循环下煤矸石混凝土中氯离子的分布规律,利用质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液对煤矸石混凝土进行干湿循环试验,探究了煤矸石替代率(0、25%、50%)、连续干湿循环和非连续干湿循环、干湿比(23∶1、22∶2、20∶4)对混凝土中氯离子浓度与对流区深度等的影响。结果表明,随着混凝土深度增加,氯离子浓度先在距表面0~4 mm上升,随后在4~15 mm急剧下降,之后趋于平稳。随着煤矸石替代率的增加,氯离子浓度整体呈上升趋势,对流区深度随之减小,替代率50%的混凝土对流区深度最小,约为2 mm。煤矸石混凝土的侵蚀深度大于未掺组。干湿比的增大和非连续干湿循环均会导致氯离子峰值浓度和氯离子浓度减小,干湿比为23∶1时,对应的氯离子峰值浓度最大。对流区深度与干湿比的变化无关。

1985-2020年呼伦贝尔市冻土气候变化特征

利用1985-2021年呼伦贝尔市15个国家气象站各层地温、第一冻土层下限、最大冻土深度资料,研究呼伦贝尔市冻土气候演变特征,同时采用重标极差(R/S)和非周期循环分析,统计最大冻土深度等气象要素时间序列的Hurst指数、分维数和非周期循环的平均循环长度,分析最大冻土深度等气象要素变化趋势和记忆周期。研究表明:(1)0 cm地温、40 cm地温和80 cm地温都呈增加趋势,且0 cm地温增加趋势最显著,特别是0 cm地温最小值增大更加明显。(2)冻结持续日数呈缓慢减小趋势,其中中部偏北海拔超过600 m山区持续时间最长,西南部和东南部地区持续时间最短。(3)7月中旬冻土从北部地区开始,9月-10月下旬向西南和东南地区扩展,次年5月上旬-6月下旬自西南和东南地区向北部地区逐渐消失。(4)最大冻土深度呈现逐年减小趋势,突变年份出现在1988年,最大冻土深度在7-9月最浅,次年2-4月最深,10月-次年1月是最大冻土深度不断加深的过程,5-6月是最大冻土深度显著减小的时段,最大冻土深度最大值出现在西部偏南地区。(5)冻结持续日数和最大冻土深度未来减小趋势仍将持续,持续时间分别为10、8 a;0 cm地温、40 cm地温和80 cm地温未来增加趋势仍将持续,持续时间都为12 a。

不同渠深混凝土衬砌材料在冻融下的性能劣化研究

模拟衬砌渠道水深及季节性冻融工况,设置冻融实验,研究不同水深混凝土衬砌材料冻融后的力学性能变化.结果表明,随着冻融次数的增加,混凝土的表观损伤严重、渗入的水分质量变化显著,混凝土的抗压强度和劈裂拉强度降幅较大;随着水深的增加,混凝土的抗压、抗拉应力峰值均有不同程度的降低,微观裂缝由8.86μm扩展至24.43μm,微观结构破坏严重.方差及线性回归拟合方程分析结果显示,水深和冻融次数对混凝土力学性能劣化的影响,F(4.2)>F_(0.05)(1,28),显著性明显,与实验数据的拟合度均在0.95以上,且表现为明显的线性关系.

基于社会资本理论的网络舆情信息传播效果研究

为帮助舆情管理部门理解社交媒体用户网络社会资本对舆情信息传播效果的影响机理,对网络舆情进行更有针对性的引导和治理。基于社会资本理论及舆情生命周期理论,从信息发布者的结构性社会资本、关系性社会资本和认知性社会资本3个方面探究信息传播效果的影响因素,并比较舆情不同阶段调节作用的差异性。结构性社会资本、关系性社会资本、认知性社会资本均正向影响信息的传播广度和传播深度;舆情生命周期负向调节粉丝数、微博数及信息完善度对网络舆情信息传播效果的影响。

不同条件下冻融循环过程对土壤结构的影响研究

冻融循环过程是高纬度寒区一种典型特殊现象,冻融循环作用使土壤结构发生改变。以东北典型地区耕地黑土为研究对象,通过室内模拟冻融试验,设置20%、24%、28%(W1、W2、W3)3个土壤初始质量含水率,0、30、60和90 mm(L0、L1、L2、L3)4个积雪深度,共计12组试验。整体采用-16~4℃,-12~8℃,-8~12℃,-4~16℃梯度冻融循环温度,每个冻融温度循环2次,共8次冻融过程。分别测定不同处理下冻融循环对土壤结构影响。结果表明,(1)土壤孔径分布在冻融作用下发生改变,而土壤初始含水率的增加使冻融后土壤大孔径含量增加与极微孔径含量减少受抑制,同时冻融后土壤极微孔径随积雪深度增加而增加,大孔径随积雪深度增加而减少,其余孔径波动小。(2)冻融作用减小土壤粒径,土壤初始含水率增加抑制冻融作用下微团聚体向黏粉粒转变,而初始含水率继续增加则使土壤粒径整体向微团聚体转变。(3)冻融作用改变土壤稳定性,其中平均质量直径(Mean weight diameter,MWD)、几何平均直径(Geometric mean diameter,GMD)、>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量(WR>0.25)及土壤可蚀性K值均下降,团聚体破坏率(PAD)和分形维数D增加,通过对土壤稳定性与土壤粒径相关性分析发现,土壤稳定性主要受大团聚体(>2 mm)、小团聚体(0.25~2 mm)和黏粉粒(<0.106 mm)含量的影响。(4)经多因素方差分析,冻融次数是土壤结构变化主要驱动因素,土壤初始含水率对土壤结构影响其次,积雪深度变化对土壤结构影响较小。

Numerical Analysis of Moisture Influential Depth in Concrete During Drying-Wetting Cycles

The influential depth of moisture transport in a concrete surface subject to drying-wetting cycles was analyzed numerically. The moisture transport was described by a diffusion model with different diffusivities for drying and wetting. A finite difference scheme was developed to solve the partial differential equations The influential depth was then investigated numerically for initially saturated and unsaturated concretes exposed to drying-wetting actions in marine environments using an equilibrium time ratio concept. The equilibrium time ratio was calculated numerically for a saturated condition and the moisture influential depth is shown to be a linear function of the square root of the drying time. However, this equilibrium time ratio does not exist for an unsaturated condition and the moisture influential depth depends on the initial saturation as well as the drying-wetting time ratio. The results indicate that this model gives more realistic predictions of moisture transport of in situ structural concrete and its durability.

Algebraic Properties of Powers of Edge Ideals of Vertex-Weighted Oriented Cycles

Let t be any positive integer and I(C_(n)) the edge ideal of a vertex-weighted oriented n-cycle graph C_(n).We provide explicit formulas for the regularity and depth of I(C_(n))^(t).In particular,we find that the regularity of I(C_(n))^(t)is a linear function;Ass(I(C_(n))^(t),the set of associated prime ideals of I(C_(n))^(t),equals Ass(I(C_(n))^(t);and the depth of I(C_(n))^(t)is a constant for all.We also give some examples to show that these results are related to the direction selection of edges and the weight of vertices.

基于无限深度神经网络的电能信息计量方法

针对现有技术电能计量资产信息繁多、管理滞后的问题,提出一种电能信息计算方法,这种方法能在物联网络内随时随地实现电能计量信息的计算与处理,提高数据即时性,并构建出大数据挖掘算法,实现不同阶段、不同数据信息的分析与挖掘。通过构建出无限深度神经网络模型,将不同生命周期的电能计量资产数据有机融合在一起,实现不同种类数据的挖掘、融合、计算和分析,提高资产数据管理的能力。试验表明,所提出的方法数据挖掘能力强,准确度高,高达92%以上。

冻融-干湿循环作用下粉煤灰建筑混凝土抗碳化性能研究

文中对不同循环条件下(干湿、冻融、干湿-冻融)粉煤灰混凝土的抗碳化性能与粉煤灰掺量的演变规律进行研究。结果表明,单一干湿和冻融循环条件下,短期碳化时间时,粉煤灰混凝土碳化深度与粉煤灰掺量呈现先负相关后正相关的关系;长期碳化时间时,掺入粉煤灰后,粉煤灰混凝土的碳化深度与粉煤灰掺量呈现正相关关系。干湿-冻融耦合循环条件下,不管何种碳化时间(7、21、28 d)条件下,粉煤灰混凝土碳化深度与粉煤灰掺量均呈现正相关的关系。

1971—2020年呼伦贝尔市积雪气候特征和未来趋势预估

利用1971—2020年呼伦贝尔市16个国家气象站最长积雪日数和最大积雪深度资料,采用经验正交函数(EOF)分析、重标极差分析(R/S)和非周期循环分析,统计最长积雪日数和最大积雪深度时间序列的Hurst指数、分维数和非周期循环的平均循环长度,分析最长积雪日数和最大积雪深度变化趋势和记忆周期;同时采用MOD10A2积雪产品,研究2001—2018年呼伦贝尔市积雪覆盖率变化。结果表明:(1)近50年呼伦贝尔市最长积雪日数呈递减趋势,最大积雪深度呈递增趋势;(2)积雪深度>20、30cm的年平均积雪日数主要出现在1996—2014年,其中积雪深度>30cm年平均积雪日数>1d;(3)呼伦贝尔市积雪初日出现在10月中旬至11月上旬,积雪终日在4月结束,积雪初日出现最早时间和积雪终日结束最晚时间都在呼伦贝尔市的北部地区;(4)R/S分析和非周期循环研究表明,呼伦贝尔市最长积雪日数和最大积雪深度H指数分别为0.5899和0.889,即最长积雪日数未来减少和最大积雪深度未来增多趋势持续,持续时间分别为8和12 a;(5)呼伦贝尔市年平均积雪覆盖率为98.87%,呈波动增加趋势,空间分布呈自西北向西南和东南地区增加,10月和翌年3月增加显著,9、12月和翌年4月减少。

Experimental Study on Long Cycling Performance of NCM523 Lithium-Ion Batteries and Optimization of Charge-Discharge Strategy

With the increasing demand for clean renewable energy and electric cars,people have put forward higher requirement for the energy storage system.One of the most successful lithium-ion batteries with a cathode combination of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide(also called NCM lithium-ion battery),has been playing an increasingly important role.So far,numerous research has been done on the fabrication of cathode material with optimization of its composition,design,and assembly of the battery system in order to improve the energy storage performance.However,most of the previous studies were conducted based on relatively short cycling time of testing,with limited charge-discharge cycles of no more than 1000.Thus the conclusions were insufficient to be applied in the practical working condition.In this work,by using the developed NCM523 lithium-ion batteries,we have performed a series of ultra-long cycling tests on the individual cell and its module,with a comprehensive study on the relationship between the retained capacity after long cycling time and the depth of discharge(DOD),charge-discharge rate and operating temperature.Optimization of the charge-discharge strategies on a single cell and the whole module was also made to effectively improve the overall energy storage efficiency.This experimental study offers a guideline for the efficient use of similar types of lithium-ion batteries in the practical working condition.The developed batteries together with the optimized charge-discharge strategy proposed here are promising to meet the requirements for applications of stationary energy storage and electric cars.

阜新地区玉米抗旱保墒技术研究

阜新地区具有生产优质高产玉米的先天气候优势,但农业生产长期处于极其脆弱和不稳定的状态,如何蓄水保水、提高春季土壤墒情、保障出苗率则成为决定玉米产量的重要因素。通过试验对秸秆覆盖技术和中耕深松技术进行分析,结果表明,适合阜新地区的秸秆覆盖量是400kg/667m^(2),中耕深度25cm,中耕周期1a,这样产量增加明显。

Study and Comparison of Swelling and Compressibility Characteristics of Crumb Marl, Flaky Marl with Attapulgite and Sandy Clay from the Diamniadio Urban Pole at the Oedometer

In Senegal, the Diamniadio, Sebikhotane and Bargny sector contains clay soils that are problematic for construction. In order to have more information on the behavior of the clay soils of Diamniadio, free swelling tests followed by load-discharge cycles were carried out according to standard NF P 94-090-1. These tests were carried out using an Oedometric device on the three samples from the study site (sandy clays with calcareous concretion, marls with crumbs and laminated marls with attapulgite) to apprehend their swelling aspects in saturated conditions. For the free swelling test, a determination of the different swelling phases will be carried out followed by a comparison of the rate of evolution of the phases for the three samples from the site. In the same vein, the compressibility characteristics of the samples will also be provided from load-unload Oedometric tests. Thereafter, we proceed to a comparison of the void index at the initial state of the samples after two charge-discharge cycles and the influence of the cycles on the reorganization of the internal structure of the samples. These studies will provide more information on the swelling behavior of Diamniadio soils in the presence of water.