Angular insensitive nonreciprocal ultrawide band absorption in plasma-embedded photonic crystals designed with improved particle swarm optimization algorithm

Using an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm(IPSO)to drive a transfer matrix method,a nonreciprocal absorber with an ultrawide absorption bandwidth and angular insensitivity is realized in plasma-embedded photonic crystals arranged in a structure composed of periodic and quasi-periodic sequences on a normalized scale.The effective dielectric function,which determines the absorption of the plasma,is subject to the basic parameters of the plasma,causing the absorption of the proposed absorber to be easily modulated by these parameters.Compared with other quasi-periodic sequences,the Octonacci sequence is superior both in relative bandwidth and absolute bandwidth.Under further optimization using IPSO with 14 parameters set to be optimized,the absorption characteristics of the proposed structure with different numbers of layers of the smallest structure unit N are shown and discussed.IPSO is also used to address angular insensitive nonreciprocal ultrawide bandwidth absorption,and the optimized result shows excellent unidirectional absorbability and angular insensitivity of the proposed structure.The impacts of the sequence number of quasi-periodic sequence M and collision frequency of plasma1ν1 to absorption in the angle domain and frequency domain are investigated.Additionally,the impedance match theory and the interference field theory are introduced to express the findings of the algorithm.

Collision-induced absorption in the V2 fundamental band of ^12CH4

The integrated intensities of the collision-induced absorption of the V2 band of ^12CH4 perturbed by Ar have been calculated theoretically using the ab initio calculations, and the value of the quadrupole transition moment we obtained is （0/Q/V2） = 5.226ea^2.. The corresponding experimental value obtained from ^12 CH4-Ar spectra is /〈0/Q/V2）/ = 4.931ea^2. Ignoring vibration-rotation interaction and Coriolis interaction, and considering both the theoretical approximations and experimental uncertainties, the agreement can be regarded as good, thus confirming that the enhancement is due to the quadrupole collision-induced mechanism.

First Principle Calculation for the Electronic Bands and Absorption of CdTe_(1-x)Sb_x

The lattice parameters for the derivatives of cadmium telluride,CdTe1-xSbx,with the zinc blend crystal structure are calculated using the generalized gradient approximation method; which is based on the density functional theory （DFT）. The effects of antimony （Sb） on the lattices,electric bands,electronic state density,absorption spectroscopy,and band gap between the valence band maximum （VBM） and the conduction band minimum （CBM） of CdTe1-xSbx are discussed. The results show that the antimonic atoms in the lattice are advantageous in promoting the hole concentration and conductivities of CdTe1-xSbx. The increase of the Sb content in CdTe1-xSbx reduces the interaction among Cd,Te,and Sb; resulting in a decreased binding energy within CdTe1-xSbx as well as an increase in the electronic gap. Also discussed are the mechanics for the lattice phase change of CdTe1-xSbx at x=0.5.

Intensity Dependent Nonlinear Absorption in Direct and Indirect Band Gap Crystals under Nano and Picosecond Z-Scan

The nonlinear absorption properties of direct (GaN) and indirect (CdI2) band gap crystals have been studied by using an open aperture Z-scan technique under fundamental (1064 nm) and frequency doubled (532 nm) wavelength respectively with 10 ns or 60 ps pulse durations. Direct band gap crystal exhibits two and three photon absorption at all input irradiances. On the other hand, at low input irradiance the indirect band gap crystal exhibits saturable absorption (SA). At higher input irradiances two and three photon absorption becomes dominant. A monotonic increase of the nonlinear absorption coefficients with increasing laser pulse duration from 60 ps to 10 ns is observed for GaN and CdI2 crystals.

Synthesis of rare earth sulfides and their UV-vis absorption spectra

Rare earth sulfides were systematically synthesized via the sulfurization of their commercial oxide powders using CS2 gas to shorten sulfurization time, and their UV-vis absorption spectra were investigated. The appropriate sulfurization conditions were studied. For the rare earth sulfides with the same crystal structure, the sulfurization temperature showed increasing tendency with the decrease of rare earth element atomic radii. The UV-vis absorption spectra of rare earth sulfides did not depend on the crystal structure of rare earth sulfides, but on the 4f electronic structure of rare earth element. The data showed that the optical band gaps of rare earth sulfides were irregular, and the values ranged from 1.65 to 3.75 eV.

Evaluation of Transient Absorption Spectra of N, N, N, N- Tetra - ( p -methylphenyl ) - 4, 4- diamino - 1, 1- diphenyl Ether ( TPDAE ) for Electron Transfer from TPDAE to Fullerenes ( C_(60) / C_(70) ) by Laser Flash Photolysis

Photoinduced electron transfer processes between fullerenes (C60 / C70) and N, N, N, N tetra - ( p-methylphenyl ) - 4, 4 diamino - 1, 1- diphenyl ether ( TPDAE ) have been studied by nanosecond laser flash photolysis. Quantum yields and rate constants of electron transfer from TPDAE to excited triplet state of fullerenes (C60 / C70 ) in benzonitrile have been evaluated by observing the transient absorption bands in the near-IR region where the excited triplet state, radical anion of fullerenes ( C60 / C70 ) and radical cations of TPDAE appear.

Effect of Atmospheric Interfering Absorption on Measurement of BTX by DOAS

It was reported on the elimination of interfering absorption of BTX. the absorption of O2 includes different absorption bands, which change differently when the partial pressure of oxygen is varied. These cause the nonlinear absorption of O2 and the observed band shape to vary with the column density of O2. The absorption ratios of molecular absorption in each of the Herzberg bands and dimer absorptions, as well as the contribution to the correction error of molecular absorption, are studied based on the characteristic of these absorption bands. The optimized way to eliminate the interfering absorption is obtained in the end and the effectiveness of using interpolation proposed by Volkamer et al. to remove O2 absorption is proved again. As to O2 and SO2, the effect of the thermal effect of characteristic spectra on the elimination error of their absorption is studied. Solutions to these problems are discussed and demonstrated together with methods to optimize the interpolation of spectra. As a sample application, differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） measurements of BTX are carried out. Results show a low detection limit and the good correlation with point instruments are achieved. All these prove the feasibility of using spectral interpolation to improve the accuracy of DOAS measurements of aromatic hydrocarbons for practical purposes.

Excitonic Absorption of Semiconductor Nanorings under Terahertz Fields

The optical absorption of GaAs nanorings （NRs） under adc electric field and a terahertz （THz） ac electric field applied in the plane containing the NRs is investigated theoretically. The NRs may enclose some magnetic flux in the presence of a magnetic field perpendicular to the NRs plane. Numerical calculation shows that the excitonic effects are essential to correctly describe the optical absorption in NRs. The applied lateral THz electric field, as well as the dc field leads to reduction, broadening and splitting of the exciton peak. In contrast to the presence of a dc field, significant optical absorption peak arises below the zero-field bandgap in the presence ofa THz electric field at a certain frequency. The optical absorption spectrum depends evidently on the frequency and amplitude of the applied THz field and on the magnetic flux threading the NRs. This promises potential applications of NRs for magneto-optical and THz electro-optical sensing.

Optical Absorption Properties of Electron Beam Evaporated a-Si_(1-x)Gd_x Films

Optical absorption properties of electron beam evaporated a-Si films(a-Si_(1-x)Gd_x films)are studied for various composition x.It is shown from the experimental results that variation of chemical composition in this kind of materials will lead to a change in near infrared absorption.For 0.1 at%<x<1.0 at%,the changes of op- tical absorption in the films are more sensitive.The optical band gap narrows with increasing content x from 1.52 to 1.36 eV.Doping Gd element properly will be able to compensate the dangling bonds in a-Si films to improve thermal stability and mechanical properties of a-Si films.

Infrared Absorption Spectra of Serpentine Cat's Eye from Sichuan Province of China

Infrared （IR） absorption spectra and X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） patterrns of sexpenfine cat＇s eye from Sichuan Province have been investigated, and infrared absorption bands of the serpentine have been assigned in this paper. The results indicate that the bands near 3 600 - 3 700 cm^-1 belong to the stretching absorption band VOH, the bands in 948 - 1 100 cm^-1 axe assigned to the stretching vibraling band Usvo, and the bands at 600 570 and 440 cm^-1 respectively belong to the bending vibration band VOH, δMg-O and δSi-O. The serpentine cat＇ s eye includes two types： chrysotile and antigorite. Chrysotile has a sharp and intensive band at 3 688 cm^-1 and a weak band at 3 643 cm^-1 , while antigorite has only one intensive band in the region. At vibration band VSi-O, chrysotile and antigorite have a similar feature at 1 071 cm^-1, but the band at 980 cm^-1 in anfigorite has been split into two bands in chrysotile - a strong one at 1 027 cm^-1 and a weak one at 949 cm^-1. In addition, antigorite has a characteristic bending vibrating band δMg-O at 570 cm^-1. Based on the analysis of the feature of crystal structure, their IR differences axe well explained.

Optical Absorption on Cubic β-PbF_(2) Crystals

The transmission spectra of cubicβ-PbF_(2) crystals grown by non-vacuum Bridgman method were measured with a spectrophotometer.It was found that there are several optical absorption bands peaking at 300 nm,390-400 nm,as well as 460 nm.According to composition analysis,doping and annealing experiments,It is suggested that the absorption at 300 nm originate from the electron transition of Ce ions from 4f→5d.The absorption at 390-400 nm may result from the color centers related to oxygen impurities.In addition,the sample recrystallized from the coloredβ-PbF2 crystal exhibits a new absorption band at 460 nm,which might be caused by trace lead vacancies.

Enhancement in optical absorption of CsI(Na)

Discussions pertaining to enhancement in the luminous efficiency of cesium iodide(CsI)detectors doped with sodium(Na)abound.In this study,the defect structure of one Cs atom replaced by one Na atom is calculated using the ab initio method.Subsequently,the electronic band structures,densities of states,optical absorption spectra,phonons,and transport properties of CsI in perfect and defective structures are investigated.The absorption spectra of CsI with and without Na impurities are compared.It is discovered that the impurity levels in the forbidden band are generated from the shell electron distributions of the impurity atoms,not from lattice distortions.Furthermore,it is discovered that the optical absorption can be enhanced by doping CsI with Na.

Optical absorption of Tl^+ ions in KBr_(1-x)I_x:TlI mixed crystals

Optical absorption spectra of the mixed crystals of KBr1-xIx:Tl+ crystals studied at room temperature are reported.The absorption spectra indicated the appearance of additional bands on the low energy side of the Characteristic A,B and C absorption bands of KBr:Tl+ single crystals with increasing iodine composition.Comparing with earlier reports,the additional bands were attributed to the complex Tl+centers in the mixed configuration surrounded by Br-and I-ions as nearest neighbors.The absorption spectra of gamma irradiated mixed crystals showed F band,which shifts towards low energy side with the composition of iodine ions in the mixed crystals.

Co^(2+)掺杂W型铁氧体的制备和吸波性能研究

为解决单一铁氧体吸波材料吸波频带窄的问题,采用固相法制备了Co^(2+)掺杂的W型钡铁氧体Ba(Zn_(1-x)Co_(x))_(2)Fe_(16)O_(27)(x=0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0)铁氧体,研究了Co^(2+)掺杂对W型钡铁氧体晶体结构、微观形貌、电磁性能和吸收性能的影响。结果表明,随着Co^(2+)掺杂量的增加,铁氧体晶体结构保持不变,掺杂Co^(2+)的W型钡铁氧体具有六角片状结构。随着金属离子的加入,粒径有不同程度减小。当Co^(2+)掺杂的摩尔分数x为0.4时,铁氧体的磁损耗最高。含量为70%的Ba(Zn_(0.6)Co_(0.4))2Fe_(16)O_(27)铁氧体吸收涂层的最大反射损耗为-22 dB,峰值位置在12.5 GHz,反射损耗RL<-10 dB的带宽约为8 GHz(8~16 GHz),实现了宽频带强吸收。

加载人工磁导体的双频柔性可穿戴天线

该文研究了一种加载人工磁导体(AMC)的双频柔性可穿戴天线,天线的谐振频率为3.5 GHz和5.8 GHz。天线由双频单极子天线和4×4阵列的双频人工磁导体构成,均采用柔性材料作为介质基板。天线尺寸为0.70λ_(0)×0.70λ_(0)×0.05λ_(0)(λ_(0)为3.5 GHz时的自由空间波长)。人工磁导体的介质基板为3层结构,增加了相位响应,使用双环开槽结构延长电流路径长度,实现了双频的宽带同相位反射。人工磁导体的引入有效降低天线的背向辐射,从而降低比吸收率(SAR),同时提高天线的增益。仿真结果表明,该天线性能受结构变形和人体载荷的影响较小。在工作频段内天线的阻抗带宽分别为7.5%和4.0%;峰值增益分别为7.86 dBi和8.06 dBi。在3.5 GHz和5.8 GHz的比吸收率分别为0.2 W/kg和0.06 W/kg,均小于美国联邦通信委员会标准。为了验证仿真结果,对天线进行加工测试,实测与仿真结果基本一致。实验结果表明,加载人工磁导体的天线具有良好的鲁棒性和增益以及较低的比吸收率,适用于可穿戴无线通信系统。

一种双简支―悬臂梁反共振隔振器设计分析与试验

[目的]为探究三元件型反共振隔振器的实现形式,提出一种由一根悬臂端含质量块的双简支-悬臂梁与一根双支撑梁所组成的机械装置(BAVI)。[方法]首先,分析双简支-悬臂梁的动态特性,推导其阻抗方程;然后,根据驱动点阻抗函数综合其低阶模型是单惯容与单弹簧二元件的串联结构,并解析低阶模型的等效参数;最后,通过装置试件设计与试验,验证其反共振特性和理论方法有效性,并在此基础上分析装置刚度特性及不同阻尼形式的效果。[结果]结果表明,当跨度比共振隔振器结构,具有“高静低动”刚度特性;在双简支-悬臂梁上采取阻尼措施后,可实现隔振区传递率以最大速率衰减的同时抑制共振峰的效果。[结论]所提机械装置证明了三元件型反共振隔振器的可实现性,提供了一种简易可行的工程结构。

短波多频调幅广播发射机方案设计

本文提出了短波多频调幅广播发射机的设计方案,详细剖析发射机的系统构成与设计原理。针对控保分系统、激励器分系统、功放分系统、滤波器分系统以及稳压电源分系统等,本文提出了相应的设计方案和技术参数,为短波调幅广播发射机实现多频同播技术提供有力的参考依据。

高压强下2μm波段CO_(2)宽光谱吸收测量与分析

利用宽带可调谐掺铥光纤激光器开展了覆盖152 kPa至932 kPa的2µm波段CO_(2)宽光谱吸收测量实验,通过将实测谱与基于HITRAN数据库计算的理论谱进行峰值匹配完成了波长定标,然后将基线表示为三次多项式并结合理论光谱数据,对原始信号做基线-吸收线整体拟合得到了与实验参数设置相吻合的压强、温度和CO_(2)浓度信息。其中压强计算误差低于5%,温度计算误差低于1%,实测谱与理论谱的整体残差在0.04以内。另外对比了窄带吸收谱与宽带吸收谱的吸收面积反演结果,验证了宽光谱吸收技术在高压测量环境下的可靠性,在温度、气体摩尔分数近似不变的情况下,宽带吸收谱反演的吸收面积与压强在测量范围内保持了良好的线性关系。

Modified Malkmus band model for clear-sky atmospheric transmittance calculation

The Malkmus band model has been widely used in remote sensing and climate studies. However, its accuracy is not high. To solve this problem, a modified Malkmus band model was proposed by introducing a correction item. The HITRAN (High-resolution TRANsmission) 2008 database and the atmospheric models provided by the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory (AFGL) were used to calculate the molecular transmittances. By fitting the calculated transmittances to those by MODTRAN (MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission) package with the least-squares method, the fitting coefficients of the correction item were obtained under different atmosphere models. The experimental results show that the root mean square errors (RMSE) of the modified model are significantly less than that of the traditional Malkmus band model by 1-2 orders of magnitude. In addition, the modified method is suitable for different atmospheric models and molecules.

Intense Intramolecular Charge Transfer Endows Cyanated Polymer with Broad Absorption,Intensified Light-Harvesting,Long-Lived Exciton,and Superior Photovoltaic Property

The donor–acceptor(D–A)copolymers,which exhibit wide broad absorption and intensified light-harvesting,are highly captivating for applications in solar conversion and optoelectronics.However,designing a polymer structure that can achieve these photophysical properties simultaneously remains a challenge.Herein,we report two novel cyanated units 4-cyanobenzo[1,2-b:6,5-b′:3,4-c″]trithiophene(CBT)and 4,6-dicyanobenzo[1,2-b:6,5-b′:3,4-c″]trithiophene(C2BT)and their corresponding polymers,PCBT and PC2BT.Very interestingly,the PC2BT exhibited a broad absorption band with full width at half maxima(FWHM)of its absorption spectra,almost twice wider than PCBT and benchmark polymers PM6 and D18.Moreover,the PC2BT demonstrated intensified light-harvesting and long-lived exciton.Our in-depth investigation unveiled that the presence of dicyano substitutions induced a strong intramolecular charge transfer(ICT),which,in turn,resulted in the formation of favorable photophysical properties.Therefore,PC2BT-based polymer solar cells(PSCs)exhibited an efficiency of 18.06%,which was a record-setting efficiency for cyanated polymers.This study suggests an efficient strategy for enhancing ICT to design polymers toward favorable photophysical properties and excellent photovoltaic performance.