CHARM (Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of moRtality and Morbidity)研究的主要目的是比较坎地沙坦(candesartan)对慢性心力衰竭患者发病率和死亡率的影响,是一个多中心的国际合作研究,共入选7599例NYHA分级为Ⅱ～Ⅳ级的有...CHARM (Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of moRtality and Morbidity)研究的主要目的是比较坎地沙坦(candesartan)对慢性心力衰竭患者发病率和死亡率的影响,是一个多中心的国际合作研究,共入选7599例NYHA分级为Ⅱ～Ⅳ级的有症状的心力衰竭患者,它由3个试验组成:CHARM-Alternative研究、CHARM-Added研究和CHARM-Preserved研究.展开更多
Thoreau expresses his love for nature and criticism of materialism in Walden,emphasizing the harmonious relationship between nature and human beings.Besides this significance,rhetorical devices like simile,metaphor,pe...Thoreau expresses his love for nature and criticism of materialism in Walden,emphasizing the harmonious relationship between nature and human beings.Besides this significance,rhetorical devices like simile,metaphor,personification,parallelism,overstatement,irony and pun contribute to unique charm of this masterpiece's language and thoughts.展开更多
The mid-rapidity transverse momentum spectra of charmed mesons in Pb–Pb and pp(p)collisions are analyzed using the Tsallis–Pareto distribution derived from non-extensive statistics.We provide uniform descriptions of...The mid-rapidity transverse momentum spectra of charmed mesons in Pb–Pb and pp(p)collisions are analyzed using the Tsallis–Pareto distribution derived from non-extensive statistics.We provide uniform descriptions of both small and large systems over a wide range of collision energies and hadron transverse momenta.By establishing the relationship between the event multiplicity and Tsallis parameters,we observe that there is a signifi-cant linear relationship between the thermal temperature and Tsallis q parameter in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV and 5.02 TeV.Further,the slope of the T–(q-1)parameter plot is positively correlated with the hadron mass.In addition,charmed mesons have a higher thermal temperature than light hadrons at the same q-1,indicat-ing that the charm flavor requires a higher temperature to reach the same degree of non-extensivity as light flavors in heavy-ion collisions.The same fit is applied to the trans-verse momentum spectra of charmed mesons in pp(p)collisions over a large energy range using the Tsallis–Pareto distribution.It is found that the thermal temperature increases with system energy,whereas the q parameter becomes saturated at the pp(p)limit,q-1=0.142±0.010.In addition,the results of most peripheral Pb–Pb collisions are found to approach the pp(p)limit,which suggests that more peripheral heavy-ion collisions are less affected by the medium and more similar to pp(p)collisions.展开更多
Roteiros de Charme 旅馆协会是一个包含了30个独立的宾馆、路边旅店和生态庇护所的 非赢利性实体，它们采用了一种志愿的行为环境准则.除了它们对环境保护的承诺以外，许 多Roteiros de Charme成员也参与到专门涉及保存动物谱系、植物...Roteiros de Charme 旅馆协会是一个包含了30个独立的宾馆、路边旅店和生态庇护所的 非赢利性实体，它们采用了一种志愿的行为环境准则.除了它们对环境保护的承诺以外，许 多Roteiros de Charme成员也参与到专门涉及保存动物谱系、植物谱系或文化遗产的计划中 去.有关该协会和行为准则的英文、西班牙文和葡萄牙文信息可以在www.roteirosdecharme. com.br中得到.展开更多
Objectives: We assessed the risk of adverse cardiovascular(CV) outcomes associated with atrial fibrillation(AF) in the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity(CHARM) program, wh...Objectives: We assessed the risk of adverse cardiovascular(CV) outcomes associated with atrial fibrillation(AF) in the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity(CHARM) program, which enrolled patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) and a broad range of ejection fractions(EFs). Background: Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of adverse CV outcomes in patients with CHF and reduced EF. The risk of AF in patients with CHF and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction(PEF) is unknown. Methods: A total of 7,599 patients with symptomatic CHF were randomized to candesartan or placebo. Patients were divided by baseline EF(≤40%or >40%) in low or preserved EF groups. Major outcomes were cardiovascular death or hospitalization for worsening heart failure, and all cause mortality. Median follow-up was 37.7 months. Results: A total of 670(17%) patients in the low EF group and 478(19%) in the PEF group had AF at baseline. Atrial fibrillation predicted a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality regardless of baseline EF. Patients with AF and low EF had the highest absolute risk for adverse CV outcomes. However, AF was associated with greater relative increased risk of the major outcomes in patients with PEF than in patients with low EF: hazard ratio 1.72(95%confidence interval[CI] 1.45 to 2.06)versus 1.29(95%CI 1.14 to 1.46), respectively. The same was true for the risk of all-cause mortality. Candesartan was associated with similar treatment effects regardless of baseline rhythm. Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of CV outcomes in patients with CHF and either reduced EF or PEF. Candesartan improved outcomes similarly regardless of baseline rhythm.展开更多
In this paper, we mainly discuss the class of charming spaces. First, we show that there exists a charming space such that the Tychonoff product is not a charming space. Then we discuss some properties of charming spa...In this paper, we mainly discuss the class of charming spaces. First, we show that there exists a charming space such that the Tychonoff product is not a charming space. Then we discuss some properties of charming spaces and give some characterizations of some class of charming spaces. Finally, we show that the Suslin number of an arbitrary charming rectifiable space is countable.展开更多
A method to determine the value of the ratio of charmed baryon to meson in e^(+)e^(-) annihilation is investigated.Using the data of CLEO,HRS and MARK Ⅱ groups,we obtain f≡B_(c)/M_(c)=0.21±0.05,0.24±0.08 a...A method to determine the value of the ratio of charmed baryon to meson in e^(+)e^(-) annihilation is investigated.Using the data of CLEO,HRS and MARK Ⅱ groups,we obtain f≡B_(c)/M_(c)=0.21±0.05,0.24±0.08 and 0.33±0.05,for √s=5.2,10.55 and 29GeV,respectively.展开更多
Purpose of the Study: To understand the reasons for charm needle insertions, chemical constituents of charm needles and their significance to magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: Confidential interviews ...Purpose of the Study: To understand the reasons for charm needle insertions, chemical constituents of charm needles and their significance to magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: Confidential interviews were used to collect information from charm needle wearers. Two attempts at surgical removal of charm needles were carried out. Charm needle samples were chemically analyzed using EPMA method. A review of literature on the possible complications of charm needles in relation to MRI was made. Results: Patients had varied reasons for wearing charm needles including to be physically attractive, to overcome personal problems and for protection. Charm needles were made of gold alloy consisting of gold (85.2%-88.6%), copper (9.3%-10.8%) and trace elements of aluminium and silver. As such, MRI may not be a hazard to charm needle wearers given the fact that gold is non-ferromagnetic. However, artefacts may potentially distort the MR imaging. Conclusion: A tactful manner in handling these patients may be to ignore the needles unless a clinical need warrants intervention. The surgical removal of these needles may be a straightforward procedure, but the localization is usually a challenging task. At present, the pertinent literature does not contain carefully controlled studies that demonstrate the absolute safety of charm needle exposure to powerful magnetic fields.展开更多
文摘CHARM (Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of moRtality and Morbidity)研究的主要目的是比较坎地沙坦(candesartan)对慢性心力衰竭患者发病率和死亡率的影响,是一个多中心的国际合作研究,共入选7599例NYHA分级为Ⅱ～Ⅳ级的有症状的心力衰竭患者,它由3个试验组成:CHARM-Alternative研究、CHARM-Added研究和CHARM-Preserved研究.
文摘Thoreau expresses his love for nature and criticism of materialism in Walden,emphasizing the harmonious relationship between nature and human beings.Besides this significance,rhetorical devices like simile,metaphor,personification,parallelism,overstatement,irony and pun contribute to unique charm of this masterpiece's language and thoughts.
基金This is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2018YFE0205200 and 2018YFE0104700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11890712 and 12061141008)+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(No.XDB34030000)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.1808085J02).
文摘The mid-rapidity transverse momentum spectra of charmed mesons in Pb–Pb and pp(p)collisions are analyzed using the Tsallis–Pareto distribution derived from non-extensive statistics.We provide uniform descriptions of both small and large systems over a wide range of collision energies and hadron transverse momenta.By establishing the relationship between the event multiplicity and Tsallis parameters,we observe that there is a signifi-cant linear relationship between the thermal temperature and Tsallis q parameter in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV and 5.02 TeV.Further,the slope of the T–(q-1)parameter plot is positively correlated with the hadron mass.In addition,charmed mesons have a higher thermal temperature than light hadrons at the same q-1,indicat-ing that the charm flavor requires a higher temperature to reach the same degree of non-extensivity as light flavors in heavy-ion collisions.The same fit is applied to the trans-verse momentum spectra of charmed mesons in pp(p)collisions over a large energy range using the Tsallis–Pareto distribution.It is found that the thermal temperature increases with system energy,whereas the q parameter becomes saturated at the pp(p)limit,q-1=0.142±0.010.In addition,the results of most peripheral Pb–Pb collisions are found to approach the pp(p)limit,which suggests that more peripheral heavy-ion collisions are less affected by the medium and more similar to pp(p)collisions.
文摘Roteiros de Charme 旅馆协会是一个包含了30个独立的宾馆、路边旅店和生态庇护所的 非赢利性实体，它们采用了一种志愿的行为环境准则.除了它们对环境保护的承诺以外，许 多Roteiros de Charme成员也参与到专门涉及保存动物谱系、植物谱系或文化遗产的计划中 去.有关该协会和行为准则的英文、西班牙文和葡萄牙文信息可以在www.roteirosdecharme. com.br中得到.
文摘Objectives: We assessed the risk of adverse cardiovascular(CV) outcomes associated with atrial fibrillation(AF) in the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity(CHARM) program, which enrolled patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) and a broad range of ejection fractions(EFs). Background: Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of adverse CV outcomes in patients with CHF and reduced EF. The risk of AF in patients with CHF and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction(PEF) is unknown. Methods: A total of 7,599 patients with symptomatic CHF were randomized to candesartan or placebo. Patients were divided by baseline EF(≤40%or >40%) in low or preserved EF groups. Major outcomes were cardiovascular death or hospitalization for worsening heart failure, and all cause mortality. Median follow-up was 37.7 months. Results: A total of 670(17%) patients in the low EF group and 478(19%) in the PEF group had AF at baseline. Atrial fibrillation predicted a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality regardless of baseline EF. Patients with AF and low EF had the highest absolute risk for adverse CV outcomes. However, AF was associated with greater relative increased risk of the major outcomes in patients with PEF than in patients with low EF: hazard ratio 1.72(95%confidence interval[CI] 1.45 to 2.06)versus 1.29(95%CI 1.14 to 1.46), respectively. The same was true for the risk of all-cause mortality. Candesartan was associated with similar treatment effects regardless of baseline rhythm. Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of CV outcomes in patients with CHF and either reduced EF or PEF. Candesartan improved outcomes similarly regardless of baseline rhythm.
基金The NSF(11571158,11471153 and 11201414) of Chinathe NSF(2017J01405,2016J05014,2016J01671 and 2016J01672) of Fujian Province of China
文摘In this paper, we mainly discuss the class of charming spaces. First, we show that there exists a charming space such that the Tychonoff product is not a charming space. Then we discuss some properties of charming spaces and give some characterizations of some class of charming spaces. Finally, we show that the Suslin number of an arbitrary charming rectifiable space is countable.
文摘A method to determine the value of the ratio of charmed baryon to meson in e^(+)e^(-) annihilation is investigated.Using the data of CLEO,HRS and MARK Ⅱ groups,we obtain f≡B_(c)/M_(c)=0.21±0.05,0.24±0.08 and 0.33±0.05,for √s=5.2,10.55 and 29GeV,respectively.
文摘Purpose of the Study: To understand the reasons for charm needle insertions, chemical constituents of charm needles and their significance to magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: Confidential interviews were used to collect information from charm needle wearers. Two attempts at surgical removal of charm needles were carried out. Charm needle samples were chemically analyzed using EPMA method. A review of literature on the possible complications of charm needles in relation to MRI was made. Results: Patients had varied reasons for wearing charm needles including to be physically attractive, to overcome personal problems and for protection. Charm needles were made of gold alloy consisting of gold (85.2%-88.6%), copper (9.3%-10.8%) and trace elements of aluminium and silver. As such, MRI may not be a hazard to charm needle wearers given the fact that gold is non-ferromagnetic. However, artefacts may potentially distort the MR imaging. Conclusion: A tactful manner in handling these patients may be to ignore the needles unless a clinical need warrants intervention. The surgical removal of these needles may be a straightforward procedure, but the localization is usually a challenging task. At present, the pertinent literature does not contain carefully controlled studies that demonstrate the absolute safety of charm needle exposure to powerful magnetic fields.
