Analysis of the Prevalence Characteristics of Lung Nodules and Their Influencing Factors in The Health Check-Up Population

Objective: To study the prevalence characteristics of pulmonary nodules and their influencing factors in the health check-up population. Methods: A total of 500 cases of health checkups were selected for the data study to analyze the detection and prevalence characteristics of pulmonary nodules. The influencing factors between the pulmonary nodules group and the no pulmonary nodules group were analyzed. Results: A total of 209 cases were detected, of which there were more males than females, and for female patients, the detection rate increased with age (P < 0.05). The distribution of gender, age, smoking, respiratory symptoms, and exposure to kitchen fumes between the two groups was compared (P < 0.05). The multifactorial analysis concluded that risk factors include, respiratory symptoms, older age, exposure to kitchen fumes, and smoking. In addition, patients who exercised more had a lower risk of developing lung nodules. Conclusion: The detection rate of pulmonary nodules was high in the health check-up population and the influencing factors analyzed involved the presence of respiratory symptoms, older age, kitchen fume exposure, and smoking, while the positive influencing factor was increased exercise.

Investigation and Analysis of Lung Cancer Risk Factors in the Health Check-Up Population

Objective: To investigate and analyze the risk factors of lung cancer in the population of health checkups. Methods: A total of 500 cases of the health check-up population were selected for data study. Surveyed showed that 19 cases of lung cancer were grouped as the lung cancer group and the remaining 481 cases made up the control group, and the risk factors were analyzed. Results: Among men, there was a significant proportion of individuals aged 60-69 years old, and women aged 30-39 years old. Additionally, individuals aged 60 and above were at increased risk of developing lung cancer. The results of the multifactorial analysis were that the risk factors affecting the detection of lung cancer in healthy people were smoking history, family history of lung cancer, secondhand smoke, history of respiratory diseases, psychosomatic factors, living environment, and kitchen fumes. Conclusion: People over 60 years of age were prone to early lung cancer, followed by individuals aged 30-39 years. It is important to identify the risk factors of lung cancer to strengthen the screening of high-risk groups for early detection and treatment.

Role of routine check-up in the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer:A puzzling phenomenon

Background:The high coverage of annual routine health check-up in China is a unique phenomenon throughout the world.However,its clinical value is controversial.In this cohort study,we chose pancreatic cancer as a disease model to explore the role of routine check-up in the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.Methods:Data from 157 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between January 2010 and April 2014 were collected.Patients were divided into two groups depending on how their disease was detected.Group A(n=85):Patients were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in clinic visits.Group B(n=72):Patients were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in routine check-ups.We compared their prognosis.Results:The tumor stage in group B was earlier than that in group A.The 1-year survival rate in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(74.6%vs.42.4%,P<0.001),while the 3-and 5-year survival rates of the two groups showed no significant difference(P>0.05).The difference of overall survival time between the two groups was not significant(22.0 vs.9.0 months,P=0.078).Conclusions:The stage of pancreatic cancer diagnosed in routine check-ups was earlier and therefore,the intervention was earlier which improved short-term survival rate.However,early intervention did not improve overall survival in the long-term.

Lower Incidence of Positive Gynecological Cancers in Examinees of a Unique Health Check-Up Institute, Ningen Dock in Japan, 2011-2016

The present study aims to determine the gynecologic health status of asymptomatic women at a unique Japanese Health Check-up Institute, Ningen Dock. Medical records of Japanese women, who underwent gynecological medical (health) examinations between January 2011 and December 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. Of the cervical smears from 8927 women aged 18 - 85 years, 50 (0.6%) were classified as dysplastic and malignant changes: 18 of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 10 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 21 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and 1 cervical squamous cell carcinoma. No case of cervical adenocarcinoma was found. Ultrasonographic examination detected uterus enlargements and ovary tumors in 2.0% and 0.9% of cases, respectively. Most of participants (95.6%) revealed no gynecologic abnormalities. The present study based on the records of Ningen Dock, where asymptomatic participants undergo a medical examination at their own expense, showed very low incidence of abnormal cytologic and/or ultrasonographic findings.

Trends in age distribution of participants in a self-covered and a public expense-covered health check-up programs in Japan

Objective: In Japan, there are unique facilities (namely Ningen Dock) of health check-up, where asymptomatic participants undergo a medical examination at their own expense. The earlier occurrence of cervical cancer and the concern on screening prompted us compare to the age distribution in the self-covered system with that of free physical check-up programs at public expense. Methods: We analyzed medical records of Japanese women, who underwent gynecological examinations at self-covered expense and at public expense between for the periods 2002-2011 and 2005-2009, respectively, restricting examinee’s age group. Results: For self-covered system, approximately 80% of the overall examinee population was occupied with three age groups 30-39, 40-49 and 50-59. The participants was extremely fewer in the over 60 years age group accounting for 10%, compared to those for the public expense-covered system, the over 60 years age group being 25%. Participant under the age of 30 years seemed to increase in chronological order in both systems. Conclusion: The level of knowledge on sexually transmitted infections may contribute to screening promotion for the younger women, while the elderly over 60 years’ attitudes toward screening may be mainly related to social-economic status and/or public expense support.

超声扫查法在快速筛查婴儿发育性髋关节脱位中的应用价值

目的探讨超声扫查法在快速筛查婴儿发育性髋关节脱位中的应用价值。方法对2387例婴儿4774个髋关节进行超声检查,目测观察髋臼骨缘、骨顶形态、股骨头位置以及在基线以下的位置,并运用Graf方法对比分析。结果超声扫查法可以客观提示髋关节髋臼骨缘形态、骨顶形态及股骨头位置,目测观察4774个髋关节与Graf方法诊断符合率95.3%,两种测量经统计一致性良好有显著意义。其中,目测正常组与Graf法符合率100%,异常组符合率97.5%。与Graf方法对比一致性检验良好。结论超声扫查法在快速筛查婴儿发育性髋关节脱位中具有很高的应用价值。

单根蛙类骨骼肌纤维去膜方法研究

本文详细介绍去除单根蛙类骨骼肌纤维细胞膜的化学和机械方法，并就这两种去膜方法得到的去膜肌纤维的特点分别进行了较全面的比较和分析。本文还提出了一种鉴定去膜效果的快速直观的张力测试手段。

粮食中麦角甾醇含量正相液相色谱法检测

介绍了一种可准确、快速测定粮食中麦角甾醇含量的液相色谱方法。样品皂化后,用正己烷萃取麦角甾醇,不需要进一步纯化,直接上液相色谱分析。分析柱为Spherisorb硅胶柱,检测波长282nm。方法的检出限为0.1mg/kg,方法的回收率在95.1%～100.0%。分析的准确度评价采用微量制备技术和反相液相色谱分离技术,证明了该方法分析的结果准确可靠。

制备石墨纤维的新技术——射频直热法

介绍了我国在石墨纤维研制上取得的新进展——射频直热法生产石墨纤维的新技术,指出国际上通用的石墨化工艺的缺点,新方法的原理、特色和优点,并报导了用新技术制备的石墨纤维的性能。

绕细长体空化器的垂直超空化流分析

对于绕轴对称细长体空化器的超空泡流问题,提出了一种积分方程方法.用奇异性离散化方法对积分方程进行了求解.在垂直来流时,考虑了Froude数对定常和非定常超空泡长度和形状的影响;比较了不同形状细长空化器的超空泡长度和横截面尺寸.应用时间有限差分离散化方法,计算了空化数变化时超空泡形状和长度的非定常变化.计算表明,空泡的形状变化具有时间滞后性和波动性.用Logvinovich空泡横截面独立膨胀原理对扰动波形沿空泡表面的传播过程作了定性分析.

乙腈法生产丁二烯后处理工艺的优化

在充分分析ACN法生产丁二烯后处理工艺的基础上 ,对其进行优化。丁二烯水洗部分由先水洗后脱轻脱重改为先脱轻脱重后水洗 ,节水 40 % ,再沸器热负荷 2 8.5 %。丁二烯精制部分由先脱轻后脱重改为先脱重后脱轻 ,使这部分再沸器热负荷节省 1 3 .4% ,冷凝器热负荷节省 1 5 .8%。

运筹学与最优化课程教学研究

本文分析了运筹学与最优化课程和信息与计算科学专业学生的特点,指出了信息与计算科学专业中运筹学与最优化教学所存在的问题,并根据作者的教学实践经验,提出了运筹学与最优化课程教学改革的具体改进措施。

改进教学手段 改革教学内容 提高教学质量

探讨了计算机绘图对传统制图课程的影响，以及为适应社会发展而对制图课从教学内容到教学手段进行的改革与改进．针对不同的教学对象在教学内容的改进上提出了强化与及弱化两种方案，并对其进行了一些探讨。

活性污泥法处理柠檬酸酸洗锅炉废水研究

本文采用东区污水处理厂活性污泥作为驯化用种泥,其生活污水作为驯化用水。控制污泥沉降比SV_(30)30％左右,pH 7.5～8.0,溶解氧DO 4.0～5.0mg/L,水温15～25℃,驯化并处理上海石洞口发电厂1000t/h直流炉柠檬酸清洗废水。试验结果表明:当进口COD_(cr)浓度在2000mg/L以下时,COD_(cr)的去除率可达85～90％,效果较好。

西部高山冰川阻塞湖引起的突发性洪水灾害研究

我国西部地区经常发生洪水灾害。此为当地干旱区自然环境状况的特点。作者经过实地考察中天山地区与喀喇昆仑山地区,认为这是由于冰川阻塞湖引起的突发性洪水灾害,并且获得关于洪水的第一手资料。认为该洪水类型具有暴发突然、变化快、历时短暂、发生地受冰川环境影响大等特点。初步判定关于冰川阻塞湖突发性洪水的排水机制可能。通过对叶尔羌河、昆马力克河及四棵树河的详细研究,利用混沌及分形等数理方法,计算出相关特性定量指标。发现可预报洪水序列与阻塞湖库容量有正相关关系。结合整个西部地区的冰川分布进行整合分析,发现冰川阻塞湖引起突发性洪水的发生规律。结合分析阿尔泰山、祁连山及西藏地区地理环境特点,认为塔里木盆地周边地区是冰湖洪水的突发区。加强对冰川阻塞湖洪水的研究,希望对未来的西部大开发,尤其是基础设施建设和保护起到辅助指导作用。

工程施工管理课程教学方法探讨

本文基于工程施工管理课程的特点和教学体会,对工程施工管理课程的教学方法进行了探讨。

《中图法》采用“八分法”的弊端及其解决方案

通过阐述了“八分法”的含义及其产生的原因 ,并且详细分析了利用“八分法”所产生的弊端 ,进而提出了解决问题的方案。

五年制师范专科英语词汇教学策略初探

五年制师范专科是顺应教育发展和改革需要的一种新型的教育体制。在五年制师范专科英语教学中,词汇教学是其中最重要的一个方面。为了使得学生迅速扩大词汇量,达到大纲要求,教师需要引导学生学习词汇记忆法并对其进行详细分析,并提出在不同时期恰当使用不同的方法与策略,使得学生的词汇学习和记忆取得一个良性循环的效果。

高职英语词汇教学方法探讨

高职学生英语水平普遍偏低,学习兴趣不浓,尤其对单词记忆感到头疼。笔者针对这一现状,对高职高专的英语词汇教学方法进行了探讨,为教师们引导学生积极主动有效地记忆单词、扩大词汇量提供一个有益的借鉴。