[Objective] The paper was to resolve the poor efficacy or phytotoxicity problems in promotion of herbicide monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP. [Method] Using orthogonal test and Duncan＇s new multiple range statistica...[Objective] The paper was to resolve the poor efficacy or phytotoxicity problems in promotion of herbicide monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP. [Method] Using orthogonal test and Duncan＇s new multiple range statistical analysis with four factors four levels and three factors two levels, the effects of factors such as herbi- cide dose, irrigation water volume, quality of soil preparation and soil moisture content on chemical control of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP against weeds and millet yield were compared in the test. [Result] Seven factors all had great impact on control effect of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP against weeds, of which her- bicide dose, irrigation water volume, quality of soil preparation and soil moisture content were the most important factors affecting millet yield. According to millet yield and economic benefit, the optimal scheme to ensure safe, efficient and economic control of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP against weeds was as follows： the dose of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP was 1 800 g/hm2, the soil was treat- ed after sowing and before seedling emergence; the soil should be smooth and sol- id; the soil moisture should reach 15%; the fields should not be irrigated after herbi- cide application, and the damage of weeds in millet fields could be effectively con- trolled within 45 d during high efficacy duration, especially the damage of dicotyledonous weeds. [Conclusion] The study provided useful information for comprehensive technology of weeds control and ensuring high yield and good harvest of millet.展开更多
Weed occurrence and damage in public green lawn of Suzhou urban area was assessed using five-grade weed visual survey method. The occurrence and damage of weeds in public green lawn of Suzhou City was very common. The...Weed occurrence and damage in public green lawn of Suzhou urban area was assessed using five-grade weed visual survey method. The occurrence and damage of weeds in public green lawn of Suzhou City was very common. There were totally 67 species of weeds in green lawn, with the density of 6.5 plant/m^2, the relative abundance of 7.6%, the relative coverage of 10.3%, the relative height and the occurrence frequency of 100%, and the overall damage level of weeds was above the forth level. There were 14 species of major weeds causing damage, and 15 species of weeds were found to pose regional damage. Haloxyfop-R-methyl or Ping＇an-14 could be applied to control grassy weeds in clover lawns, with the herbicidal effect above 90%. MCPA, fluroxypyr, or clopyralid could be administra- ted alone to control broadleaf weeds in Cynodon dactylon or Festuca elata lawn, with the herbicidal effect above 85%. Since the weed species in weed communities of lawn were different, the types of herbicides should be targeted, or SD additives could be added to improve the herbicidal effect.展开更多
Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the phytotoxicity of flazasulfuron on citrus species and efficacy on weeds when applied alone or in combination with other herbicides. Grapefruit was the most sensitive and...Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the phytotoxicity of flazasulfuron on citrus species and efficacy on weeds when applied alone or in combination with other herbicides. Grapefruit was the most sensitive and tangerine was the least sensitive to flazasulfuron. Injury to grapefruit was 70% with the application of flazasulfuron at 0.20 kg a.i. ha–1 at 60 DAT and was reduced (5%) when flazasulfuron at 0.05 kg a.i. ha–1 was tank mixed with glyphosate at 0.84 kg·a.i.· ha–1. Flazasulfuron alone at all rates did not control grass weeds and common ragweed. Florida/Brazil pusley was moderately controlled with high rates of flazasulfuron from 30 to 45 DAT;however, control did not exceed 75%. There was good control of Spanishneedles (78% - 85%) and horseweed (73% - 81%) with flazasulfuron at all rates at 30 DAT but control declined later in the season. Tank mix of flazasulfuron with glyphosate improved flazasulfuron efficacy on grass and broadleaf weeds. Flazasulfuron at 0.07 kg a.i. ha–1 plus glyphosate at 1.70 kg a.i. ha–1 was more effective in controlling grass weeds (83%) at 60 DAT and provided the highest control (79%) of Florida/Brazil pusley at 45 DAT. There was excellent control (75% to 94%) of Spanishneedles and adequate control of eastern black nightshade and common ragweed with flazasulfuron tank mixed with glyphosate or diuron. This study showed that flazasulfuron alone does not adequately control grasses and some broadleaf weeds in citrus and tank mixing it with glyphosate or diuron improved flazasulfuron’s efficacy. However, injury to grapefruit was observed at rates which effectively controlled weeds. Further studies are needed to determine the most suitable flazasulfuron rate that could be used to manage weeds in grapefruit.展开更多
[Objectives] The paper was to explore the control effects of different botanical pesticides against Empoasca pirisuga Matumura. [Methods] 5% Eucalyptol SL, 0.5% matrine SL and 50% thiacloprid WDG were used to control ...[Objectives] The paper was to explore the control effects of different botanical pesticides against Empoasca pirisuga Matumura. [Methods] 5% Eucalyptol SL, 0.5% matrine SL and 50% thiacloprid WDG were used to control E. pirisuga , and the decline rate of insect population was investigated. [Results] Eucalyptol had good control effect on E. pirisuga , with slow effect but long duration. It was harmless to natural enemies in tea gardens, with high safety and no chemical injury. [Conclusions] The study provides a theoretical basis for the application of botanical pesticides in tea production.展开更多
为探索黑龙江省北部大豆主产区抗性反枝苋最佳防治方法,文章优选4种苗前封闭除草剂及4种苗后茎叶除草剂进行田间防效试验,分析不同药剂组合对反枝苋的防除效果。结果表明,苗前封闭处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和30%丙炔氟草胺SC...为探索黑龙江省北部大豆主产区抗性反枝苋最佳防治方法,文章优选4种苗前封闭除草剂及4种苗后茎叶除草剂进行田间防效试验,分析不同药剂组合对反枝苋的防除效果。结果表明,苗前封闭处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)对反枝苋防效较高,施药45 d后,反枝苋防效为87.79%;苗后茎叶处理,250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS(科坦见露灵)750 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(伴豆一生)2000 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效较高,且持效期长;苗前封闭结合苗后茎叶处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)+30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)+250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 500 g a.i./hm^(2)+480 g/L灭草松AS 1680 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(迪增)225 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效达93%,且持效期长。大豆田抗性反枝苋防控方法中,苗前封闭处理防效显著高于苗后茎叶处理。生产中建议以苗前封闭除草为主,结合苗后化学除草、轮作等措施综合防治反枝苋。展开更多
有机污染物的反扩散、拖尾和反弹等问题严重影响传统原位化学氧化(In-Situ Chemical Oxidation,ISCO)技术对污染地下水的修复效果。药剂缓释技术可以实现对污染地下水的长时间持续修复,是保证原位化学氧化修复效果的有效方式。经过大量...有机污染物的反扩散、拖尾和反弹等问题严重影响传统原位化学氧化(In-Situ Chemical Oxidation,ISCO)技术对污染地下水的修复效果。药剂缓释技术可以实现对污染地下水的长时间持续修复,是保证原位化学氧化修复效果的有效方式。经过大量文献调研,介绍药剂缓释体-原位化学氧化(Controlled Release Materials-In-Situ Chemical Oxidation,CRM-ISCO)技术原理及缓释体材料组成,系统分析国内外CRM-ISCO技术修复地下水的研究现状及工程应用进展,总结技术应用存在的问题并对前景进行展望,以期为CRM-ISCO技术在我国有机污染地下水修复中的推广和应用提供参考。展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Support Program of Hebei Province "Use Technology,Promotion and Application of Broad Spectrum Special Herbicide Monosulfuron Plus Propazine in Millet Fields" (09250307D)Special Foud for Agroscientific Research in the Public Interest (20120304201)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was to resolve the poor efficacy or phytotoxicity problems in promotion of herbicide monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP. [Method] Using orthogonal test and Duncan＇s new multiple range statistical analysis with four factors four levels and three factors two levels, the effects of factors such as herbi- cide dose, irrigation water volume, quality of soil preparation and soil moisture content on chemical control of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP against weeds and millet yield were compared in the test. [Result] Seven factors all had great impact on control effect of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP against weeds, of which her- bicide dose, irrigation water volume, quality of soil preparation and soil moisture content were the most important factors affecting millet yield. According to millet yield and economic benefit, the optimal scheme to ensure safe, efficient and economic control of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP against weeds was as follows： the dose of monosulfuron plus propazine 44% WP was 1 800 g/hm2, the soil was treat- ed after sowing and before seedling emergence; the soil should be smooth and sol- id; the soil moisture should reach 15%; the fields should not be irrigated after herbi- cide application, and the damage of weeds in millet fields could be effectively con- trolled within 45 d during high efficacy duration, especially the damage of dicotyledonous weeds. [Conclusion] The study provided useful information for comprehensive technology of weeds control and ensuring high yield and good harvest of millet.
文摘Weed occurrence and damage in public green lawn of Suzhou urban area was assessed using five-grade weed visual survey method. The occurrence and damage of weeds in public green lawn of Suzhou City was very common. There were totally 67 species of weeds in green lawn, with the density of 6.5 plant/m^2, the relative abundance of 7.6%, the relative coverage of 10.3%, the relative height and the occurrence frequency of 100%, and the overall damage level of weeds was above the forth level. There were 14 species of major weeds causing damage, and 15 species of weeds were found to pose regional damage. Haloxyfop-R-methyl or Ping＇an-14 could be applied to control grassy weeds in clover lawns, with the herbicidal effect above 90%. MCPA, fluroxypyr, or clopyralid could be administra- ted alone to control broadleaf weeds in Cynodon dactylon or Festuca elata lawn, with the herbicidal effect above 85%. Since the weed species in weed communities of lawn were different, the types of herbicides should be targeted, or SD additives could be added to improve the herbicidal effect.
文摘Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the phytotoxicity of flazasulfuron on citrus species and efficacy on weeds when applied alone or in combination with other herbicides. Grapefruit was the most sensitive and tangerine was the least sensitive to flazasulfuron. Injury to grapefruit was 70% with the application of flazasulfuron at 0.20 kg a.i. ha–1 at 60 DAT and was reduced (5%) when flazasulfuron at 0.05 kg a.i. ha–1 was tank mixed with glyphosate at 0.84 kg·a.i.· ha–1. Flazasulfuron alone at all rates did not control grass weeds and common ragweed. Florida/Brazil pusley was moderately controlled with high rates of flazasulfuron from 30 to 45 DAT;however, control did not exceed 75%. There was good control of Spanishneedles (78% - 85%) and horseweed (73% - 81%) with flazasulfuron at all rates at 30 DAT but control declined later in the season. Tank mix of flazasulfuron with glyphosate improved flazasulfuron efficacy on grass and broadleaf weeds. Flazasulfuron at 0.07 kg a.i. ha–1 plus glyphosate at 1.70 kg a.i. ha–1 was more effective in controlling grass weeds (83%) at 60 DAT and provided the highest control (79%) of Florida/Brazil pusley at 45 DAT. There was excellent control (75% to 94%) of Spanishneedles and adequate control of eastern black nightshade and common ragweed with flazasulfuron tank mixed with glyphosate or diuron. This study showed that flazasulfuron alone does not adequately control grasses and some broadleaf weeds in citrus and tank mixing it with glyphosate or diuron improved flazasulfuron’s efficacy. However, injury to grapefruit was observed at rates which effectively controlled weeds. Further studies are needed to determine the most suitable flazasulfuron rate that could be used to manage weeds in grapefruit.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0200900)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-19).
文摘[Objectives] The paper was to explore the control effects of different botanical pesticides against Empoasca pirisuga Matumura. [Methods] 5% Eucalyptol SL, 0.5% matrine SL and 50% thiacloprid WDG were used to control E. pirisuga , and the decline rate of insect population was investigated. [Results] Eucalyptol had good control effect on E. pirisuga , with slow effect but long duration. It was harmless to natural enemies in tea gardens, with high safety and no chemical injury. [Conclusions] The study provides a theoretical basis for the application of botanical pesticides in tea production.
文摘为探索黑龙江省北部大豆主产区抗性反枝苋最佳防治方法,文章优选4种苗前封闭除草剂及4种苗后茎叶除草剂进行田间防效试验,分析不同药剂组合对反枝苋的防除效果。结果表明,苗前封闭处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)对反枝苋防效较高,施药45 d后,反枝苋防效为87.79%;苗后茎叶处理,250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS(科坦见露灵)750 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(伴豆一生)2000 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效较高,且持效期长;苗前封闭结合苗后茎叶处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)+30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)+250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 500 g a.i./hm^(2)+480 g/L灭草松AS 1680 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(迪增)225 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效达93%,且持效期长。大豆田抗性反枝苋防控方法中,苗前封闭处理防效显著高于苗后茎叶处理。生产中建议以苗前封闭除草为主,结合苗后化学除草、轮作等措施综合防治反枝苋。
文摘有机污染物的反扩散、拖尾和反弹等问题严重影响传统原位化学氧化(In-Situ Chemical Oxidation,ISCO)技术对污染地下水的修复效果。药剂缓释技术可以实现对污染地下水的长时间持续修复,是保证原位化学氧化修复效果的有效方式。经过大量文献调研,介绍药剂缓释体-原位化学氧化(Controlled Release Materials-In-Situ Chemical Oxidation,CRM-ISCO)技术原理及缓释体材料组成,系统分析国内外CRM-ISCO技术修复地下水的研究现状及工程应用进展,总结技术应用存在的问题并对前景进行展望,以期为CRM-ISCO技术在我国有机污染地下水修复中的推广和应用提供参考。
