Dual-function protective layer for highly reversible Zn anode

The thermodynamic instability of zinc anodes in aqueous electrolytes leads to issues such as corrosion,hydrogen evolution reactions(HER), and dendrite growth, severely hindering the practical application of zinc-based aqueous energy storage devices. To address these challenges, this work proposes a dualfunction zinc anode protective layer, composed of Zn-Al-In layered double oxides(ILDO) by rationally designing Zn-Al layered double hydroxides(Zn-Al LDHs) for the first time. Differing from previous works on the LDHs coatings, firstly, the ILDO layer accelerates zinc-ion desolvation and also captures and anchors SO_(4)^(2-). Secondly, the in-situ formation of the Zn-In alloy phase effectively lowers the nucleation energy barrier, thereby regulating zinc nucleation. Consequently, the zinc anode with the ILDO protective layer demonstrates long-term stability exceeding 1900 h and low voltage hysteresis of 7.5 m V at 0.5 m A cm^(-2) and 0.5 m A h cm^(-2). Additionally, it significantly enhances the rate capability and cycling performance of Zn@ILDO//MnO_(2) full batteries and Zn@ILDO//activated carbon zinc-ion hybrid capacitors.This simple and effective dual-function protective layer strategy offers a promising approach for achieving high-performance zinc-ion batteries.

Comparison of Thermo-Structural Responses for Integrated Thermal Protection Panels with Different Corrugated Core Configurations

To explore new light-weight integrated thermal protection system panel configuration and gain good insight into the responses mechanism,heat transfer and structural field analysis for one single-layer and four double-layer corrugated core panels were performed. The obtained the temperature,buckling,stress and deflection responses were compared,and the deflection and stress distributions as well as thermal buckling mode at the time were discussed for the considered configurations when the temperature difference between the top and bottom face sheet was maximum. The results demonstrated that the non-orthogonal and hat-stiffened double-layer structures provide superior performance to resist thermal buckling deformation in comparison with other configurations. The useful information is provided for the forthcoming optimization in which thermal buckling is considered as critical design driver.

Effects of natural cerebrolysin on protective proteins and pro-apoptotic molecules in mesenchymal stem cells following beta-amyloid peptide1-40-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress

BACKGROUND： Studies have demonstrated that β-amyloid peptide （Aβ）, a characteristic pathological product of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, results in neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS）. However, the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine against ERS in AD are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： To measure expression levels of protective proteins （GRP78 and GRP94） of ER molecular partners and pro-apoptotic Caspase-12 ER membrane expression following application of traditional Chinese medicine natural cerebrolysin （NC） to treat Aβ1-40-induced ERS. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A parallel-controlled study was performed at the Institute of Integrated Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University between September 2006 and November 2008. MATERIALS： Sprague Dawley male rats, 6-8 weeks old, were used to harvest tibial and femoral bone marrow. Isolation and purification of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） were established from the whole bone marrow by removing non-adherent cells in primary and passage cultures. Aβ1-40 was provided by Sigma, USA. NC was provided by Shenzhen Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China. NC was predominantly composed of Renshen （Radix Ginseng）, Tianma （Rhizoma Gastrodiae）, and Yinxingye （Ginkgo Leaf） in a proportion of 1 ： 2： 2. Following conventional water extraction technology, an extract （1 ： 20） was prepared. Six adult, male, New Zealand rabbits underwent intragastric administration of NC extract （0.976 g/kg per day） for 1 month to prepare NC-positive serum, and the remaining 6 rabbits received intragastric administration of physiological saline to prepare normal blank serum. METHODS： A total of 500 nmol/L Aβ1-40 was used to establish ERS models of primary cultured MSCs. AD cell models were incubated with different doses of NC-positive serum （2.5%, 5%, and 10%）. MSCs treated with normal blank serum served as normal blank controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent immunocytochemistry were respectively used to measure mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78, GRP94, and Caspase-12 in MSCs. RESULTS： Following Aβ1-40 exposure, mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94, as well as Caspase-12, significantly increased （P 〈 0.05）, suggesting successful establishment of ERS models. Following NC-positive serum application, mRNA and protein expression levels of GRP78 and GRP94 in MSCs significantly increased （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. However, mRNA and protein expression levels of Caspase-12 significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05, or P 〈 0.01） compared with the ERS model group. These effects were dose-dependent. CONCLUSION： NC downregulated Caspase-12 expression and upregulated GRP78 and GRP94 expression in MSCs in a dose-dependent manner under the state of Aβ1-40-induced ERS.

A NEW POLYMER-BOUND 1,2-DIOL AS A PROTECTING AGENT FOR SYMMETRICAL DIALDEHYDE

A novel polymer-bound 1,2-diol, 3-polystyrylsulfonyl-1,2-propanediol (6) had been prepared by the reaction of sodium polystyrylsulfinate with allyl bromide, followed by oxidation and. hydrolysis or directly with 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, n-tetrabutylammonium iodide. The capacity of resin 6 for terephthaidehyde reached 1.43 mmol/g. The aldehydic groups attached to polymer 6 reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride or reduced by sodium borohydride giving p-formylbenzaldoxime (yield: 89%)and p-formyl-benzalcohol (yield: 734%), respectively. The high yields of these polymer-supported reactions showed that the polymer 6 possessed the effective isolation of its reactive sites.

The effect of protective genital care protocol on preventing diaper dermatit development in 0 - 18 month old children using antibiotics

Diaper dermatit is among the widely seen inflamatory skin diseases in neonatals and small 0 - 18 month old children. Control of causative agents as well as providing good genital care may prevent or reduce the risk of the disease. The aim of this study is find out the effect of protective genital care on reducing the diaper dermatit development in 0 - 18 months old inpatient 0 - 18 month old children who are using antibiotic. The study was conducted as prospective half-experimetal using control-experimental groups. Our samples comprise of 0 - 18 month old children admitted at Dokuz Eylul University Practical and Research Hospital, pediatric clinic between January and May 2009, 41 0 - 18 month old children as a control group were not under protective genital care, and 42 0 - 18 month old children as an experimental group were under the protecion and using vaseline. The mothers of the experimental group 0 - 18 month old children were given education. All 0 - 18 month old children were followed-up 3 - 7 days and the collected data were evaluated in computer using Pearson’s chisquare, Fisher’s exact chi-square and Yatest-corrected chi-square tests. The diaper dermatit develop- ment ratio was 34.1% in the control group and 7.1% in the experimental group

D-甲硫氨酸对庆大霉素耳毒性保护作用的研究

目的探讨D-甲硫氨酸对庆大霉素耳毒性的保护作用。方法30只豚鼠分为生理盐水对照组、庆大霉素组及D-甲硫氨酸加庆大霉素联合用药组。采用听觉脑干诱发电位（ABR）及耳蜗铺片技术,观察研究耳毒性及D-甲硫氨酸的保护作用。结果 联合用药组动物各频率阈移均比单独使用庆大霉素组显著降低,且耳蜗组织学检查显示其毛细胞缺失明显轻于庆大霉素组。结论 使用庆大霉素的同时联合应用D-甲硫氨酸可有效减少庆大霉素的耳毒性。

D-甲硫氨酸对顺铂耳毒性保护作用的实验研究

目的通过实验了解D-甲硫氨酸在体内是否能对顺铂耳毒性提供保护作用并探讨其保护机制。方法 31只雄性Wistar大鼠分为1个生理盐水对照组、3个用药实验组:顺铂组(16mg/kg顺铂)及2个D-甲硫氨酸治疗组(于使用16mg/kg顺铂前30分钟分别应用100mg/kg或250mg/kgD-甲硫氨酸)。耳毒性及D-甲硫氨酸的保护作用采用听觉脑干诱发电位(ABR)及耳蜗铺片技术进行研究。结果应用D-甲硫氨酸的动物ABR各频率阈移均比单独使用顺铂组动物阈移显著低。其中250mg/kg D-甲硫氨酸组所有测试频率阈移均在5 dBpeSPL以内,其强度—潜伏期函数曲线基本不超过对照组正常范围上限。耳蜗组织学检查显示D-甲硫氨酸治疗组毛细胞缺失明显轻于顺铂组。实验同时发现D-甲硫氨酸也可显著地降低动物应用顺铂后的失重及死亡率。结论在使用顺铂前预先应用D-甲硫氨酸可有效地对顺铂耳毒性提供保护作用。

Elastic responses of underground circular arches considering dynamic soil-structure interaction:A theoretical analysis

Due to the wide applications of arches in underground protective structures, dynamic analysis of circular arches including soil-structure interactions is important. In this paper, an exact solution of the forced vibration of circular arches subjected to subsurface denotation forces is obtained. The dynamic soil-structure interaction is considered with the introduction of an interfacial damping between the structure element and the surrounding soil into the equa- tion of motion. By neglecting the influences of shear, rotary inertia and tangential forces and assuming the arch incompressible, the equations of motion of the buried arches were set up. Analytical solutions of the dynamic responses of the protective arches were deduced by means of modal super- position. Arches with different opening angles, acoustic impedances and rise-span ratios were analyzed to discuss their influences on an arch. The theoretical analysis suggests blast loads for elastic designs and predicts the potential failure modes for buried protective arches.

Synthesis and characterization of α-N,N-dihydroxyethylaminopropyl-ω-butylpolydimethylsiloxanes

A series of α-N,N-dihydroxyethylaminopropyl-ω-butylpolydimethylsiloxanes with different molecular weight were synthesized. The preparation included five steps which were hydroxyl protection, alkylation, anionic ring-opening polymerization, hydrosilylation and deprotection. The structure of reaction products was characterized by FT-IR, GC, 1H NMR. 2007 Qing Si Zhang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

Preliminary study on the protective effect of electroacupuncture Neiguan acupoint pretreatment on rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury:role of the miR-214-3p/NCX1 axis

Background:Ischemia-reperfusion can worsen myocardial damage and increase the risk of death.Studies have revealed that ischemic preconditioning provides the best endogenous protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and the principle of electroacupuncture(EA)preconditioning is comparable to that of myocardial ischemic preconditioning adaption.Our earlier research demonstrated that EA pretreatment inhibits the expression of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ(CaMKIIδ),sodium/calcium exchanger 1(NCX1),and cyclophilin D,hence providing protection against MIRI.However,the exact mechanism is still unknown.The expression of NCX1 mRNA is directly regulated by microRNA-214(miR-214).Moreover,it suppresses the levels of CaMKIIδand cyclophilin D.Whether these variables contribute to EA preconditioning to improve MIRI needs to be investigated,though.This study aimed to preliminarily determine whether EA pretreatment ameliorates MIRI by modulating the miR-214-3p/NCX1 axis.Methods:We used a rat MIRI model to investigate the effect of EA pretreatment on MIRI and the expression of miR-214-3p.In addition,adenovirus injection inhibited miR-214-3p expression in the rat MIRI model,and the influence of EA pretreatment towards MIRI was observed in the context of blocked miR-214-3p expression.Both the myocardial histological abnormalities and the alterations in the ST segment of the rat electrocardiogram were analyzed.NCX1 mRNA,cyclophilin D,and CaMKIIδexpression levels were also analyzed.Results:EA pretreatment improved MIRI.In rats with MIRI,EA administration increased miR-214-3p expression while decreasing NCX1 mRNA,cyclophilin D,and CaMKIIδproteins in cardiac tissues.The beneficial effect of EA pretreatment against MIRI was reversed,coupled with elevated levels of NCX1 mRNA,cyclophilin D,and CaMKIIδprotein expression,when an adenovirus injection disrupted the expression of miR-214-3p.Conclusions:Our findings preliminarily show that EA pretreatment inhibits the expression of NCX1 mRNA,cyclophilin D,and CaMKIIδproteins via miR-214-3p,hence exerting MIRI protection.

Synthesis and characterization ofα-butyl-ω-{3-[(2,2-dihydroxymethyl)-propionyloxy]}propylpolydimethylsiloxanes

A series of polydimethylsiloxanes containing two primary hydroxyl groups at one single chain end were synthesized by five-step reactions which included esterification,hydroxyl protection,anionic ring-opening polymerization,hydrosilylation and deprotection.The prepared compounds in each step were characterized.The results showed that each step synthesis was successfully carded out and objective products could be achieved.

Schisandrin B protects PC12 cells by decreasing the expression of amyloid precursor protein and vacuolar protein sorting 35

PC12 cell injury was induced using 20 μM amyloid β-protein 25-35 to establish a model of Alzheimer＇s disease. The cells were then treated with 5, 10, and 25 μM Schisandrin B. Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assays and Hoechst 33342 staining results showed that with increasing Schisandrin B concentration, the survival rate of PC12 cells injured by amyloid β-protein 25-35 gradually increased and the rate of apoptosis gradually decreased. Reverse transcription-PCR, immunocytochemical staining and western blot results showed that with increasing Schisandrin B concentration, the mRNA and protein expression of vacuolar protein sorting 35 and amyloid precursor protein were gradually decreased. Vacuolar protein sorting 35 and amyloid precursor protein showed a consistent trend for change. These findings suggest that 5, 10, and 25 μM Schisandrin B antagonizes the cellular injury induced by amyloid β-protein 25-35 in a dose-dependent manner. This may be caused by decreasing the expression of vacuolar protein sorting 35 and amyloid precursor protein.

化疗药配制箱对机体保护作用的动物实验研究

目的 通过化疗药物配制箱在配药操作中对小白鼠影响的实验 ,以此研究对医护人员机体的保护作用。方法 随机将 90只小白鼠分为A、B、C 3组 ,每组 30只。A组置于化疗药配制箱内 ,B组置于化疗药配制箱外 ,C组置于未配制化疗药箱内。观察 3组小白鼠的外观行为 ,食欲 ,毛发 ,活动情况 ,白细胞 ,血小板 ,体质量的变化。结果 A组小白鼠活动灵敏度下降 ,食欲减少 ,毛发脱落 ,三项指标A组与B、C组比较 ,经t检验有显著性差异 ,P <0 .0 0 1。B组、C组小白鼠活动自如 ,食欲正常 ,未见毛发脱落 ;三项指标两组比较无显著性差异 ,P >0 .0 5。结论 化疗药配制箱临床应用可对医护人员的机体起到保护作用。

Protection strategy for improved catalytic stability of silicon photoanodes for water oxidation

Silicon-based electrodes have attracted great attention in the artificial photosynthetic systems that mimic natural photosynthesis and directly convert the solar energy into chemical energy. Despite significant efforts to date,catalytic stability of the silicon photoelectrodes is limited by their poor electrochemical stability. The formation of passivation or protective layers provides a feasible strategy to improve the photocatalytic stability of silicon photoelectrodes. Many candidates including metals, metal oxides, metal silicides and polymers have been explored as the protection layers for silicon photoelectrodes. The present review gives a concise overview of the protected silicon photoanodes for water oxidation with a focus on the relationship between the structural architecture of silicon photoanodes and their photocatalytic activity and stability.

Exhaustive Exercise Does Not Affect Humoral Immunity and Protection after Rabies Vaccination in a Mouse Model

Rabies is one of the most dangerous and widespread zoonosis and is characterized by severe neurological signs and a high case-mortality rate of nearly 100%. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent rabies in humans and animals. In this study, the relationship between exhaustive exercise and the humoral immune response after immunization with inactivated rabies vaccine was investigated in a mouse model with one-time exhaustive exercise. It was found that compared with the mice with no exercise after vaccination, no significant differences were found in those with exhaustive exercise after vaccination on body-weight changes, virus-neutralizing antibody(VNA) titers, antibody subtypes and survivor ratio after lethal rabies virus(RABV) challenge. This study indicated that exhaustive exercise does not reduce the effects of the rabies inactivated vaccine.

阴行草水煎液对肝纤维化大鼠的肝保护作用

目的：探讨阴行草水煎液对四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导的肝纤维化大鼠的肝脏保护作用。方法120只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、肝纤维化模型组、阴行草组、丹参组、虎杖组及易善复组，每组20只。除空白对照组外，其余5组以CCl4皮下注射诱导肝纤维化；除空白对照组、肝纤维化模型组外，其余4组大鼠分别给予阴行草、丹参、虎杖及易善复10 ml/kg灌胃，1次/d。10周后，采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平；光镜下观察肝脏病理组织学改变，并进行肝纤维化分期。结果与肝纤维化模型组比较，阴行草组可降低肝纤维化程度（P＜0.01），且阴行草组、虎杖组、丹参组和易善复组之间肝纤维化组织学分期无显著差异（P＞0.05）。与肝纤维化模型组 TNF-α浓度（368.06±24.90）U/L比较，阴行草组（336.61±20.20）U/L明显降低（P＜0.01）；阴行草组与丹参组（337.81±21.04）U/L、虎杖组（338.95±24.43）U/L、易善复组（337.11±23.64）U/L比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论阴行草水煎液对CCl4诱导的肝纤维化大鼠肝脏有保护作用。