Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATX) combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: ...Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATX) combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: A total of 60 cases of ADHD children admitted to our hospital between November 2021 and November 2022 were selected and randomly grouped into Group I and Group II. There were 30 cases in Group I who were treated with ATX combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy. There were 30 cases in Group II who were treated with ATX monotherapy, and the therapeutic effects were compared. Results: Before treatment, there was no difference in the behavioral problem scores and cognitive function indexes of the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the behavioral problem scores of Group I were lower than those of Group II, and the cognitive function indicators of Group I were lower than those of Group II (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate of Group I was lower than that of Group II, and the total effective rate was higher than that of Group II (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ATX combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy improved the behavioral problems of ADHD children, enhanced their cognitive function, and reduced the adverse reactions to drug treatment.展开更多
The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common disorders in the childhood and adolescence population, but also in the reproductive period, affects and influences learning, social relations...The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common disorders in the childhood and adolescence population, but also in the reproductive period, affects and influences learning, social relations and their quality of life. There are strong neuropathological similarities between ADHD and various concomitant psychiatric conditions. ADHD frequently coexists with learning and language disabilities, sleep disorders, impulse control personality and anxiety disorders, intellectual disability, substance use disorders and mood disorders, as well as autism spectrum disorders and tic disorders. The overlapping symptoms of ADHD and other morbidities constitute challenges but also an imperative need for the experts to be able to detect and clarify so as to achieve the proper diagnosis and the relative treatment. The expression of the disease differs accordingly depending on the age group and the presence of comorbidities. In school-age, symptoms of ADHD include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In adolescence, depending on the gender, hyperactivity decreases but the problems in learning and psychopathology still remain. Therefore, it is recommended that when ADHD coexists with other psychopathologies in childhood and adolescence to first and directly treat the most weakened condition so that the child or the adolescent can change the course of their psychiatric morbidity and improve their ability to function and socialize.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a neuropsychopedagogical parenting program (NPP) on the cognitive and motor development of children with ADHD. 70 children with ADHD participated in the present study, of bo...This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a neuropsychopedagogical parenting program (NPP) on the cognitive and motor development of children with ADHD. 70 children with ADHD participated in the present study, of both sexes, aged between 06 and 08 years old (7.08 years old), who were divided into two groups: (A—35 children with ADHD who did not undergo the NPP;B—35 children with ADHD who underwent the NPP). The NPP had a duration of 25 sessions of 15 minutes each, at a frequency of 3 times a week. To evaluate the effects of the NPP, the children were submitted to the following protocols: 1) Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Questionaire (SNAP-IV);2) Assessment of Motor Competence through the Supine-to Stand (STS);3) Assessment of executive functioning through the HEAD-FOOT-KNEE- SHOULDER (HFKS) protocol;4) Assessment of Reading Comprehension. Both groups were evaluated before the NPP, after the NPP and four months after the end of the NPP. Our results show that GB children in the signs/ symptoms evaluated by SNAP-IV had a superior performance by ±11% (p < 0.01) in relation to GA children. Regarding motor competence, the children from GB had a superior performance by ±24% (p < 0.01) in relation to children from GA. When assessed for executive functioning when establishing an intergroup comparison, GB children performed ±23% better (p < 0.01) than GA children. Regarding reading ability, children from (GB) had a superior performance by ±9% (p < 0.05) compared to children from (GA), after undergoing the NPP.展开更多
Objective: Parallels in findings of attachment and ADHD research suggest a connection between both constructs. However, the few articles dealing with that tie investigate children with all conceivable expressions of A...Objective: Parallels in findings of attachment and ADHD research suggest a connection between both constructs. However, the few articles dealing with that tie investigate children with all conceivable expressions of ADHD and have not found sufficient evidence regarding the connection between ADHD and attachment. This study sought to collect evidence of a possible connection between the two aspects among children with the predominantly inattentive ADHD type. Method: The sample consisted of 93 children aged 5 - 9 years, 48 of whom had an ADHD diagnosis of the predominantly inattentive type. Attachment was coded using the German adaptation of the Attachment Story Completion Task, externalizing behavior problems were rated using the Child Behavior Checklist 4 - 18. ADHD was assessed using both clinical diagnoses as well as the German ADHD Rating scale. Results: Results revealed a large difference in the distribution of attachment classification between children with ADHD and those without ADHD. Regression analysis, however, showed no independent effect on ADHD when externalizing behavior problems were controlled for. Conclusions: Both constructs seem to be connected, however, in the investigation of the influence of attachment on the disorder, ADHD as a global construct is too unspecific. As opposed to previous studies, considering only the inattentive type, the relation might completely be moderated by externalizing behavior problems. Subsequent studies should first focus on specific symptom patterns which at best should be analyzed within longitudinal studies.展开更多
Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widespread and debilitating disorder with relatively high prevalence in Saudi Arabia. Neuropsychological and radiological investigations have revealed t...Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widespread and debilitating disorder with relatively high prevalence in Saudi Arabia. Neuropsychological and radiological investigations have revealed that there are some differences in the components of the brain regions in children with and without ADHD. In this study we have performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in four non-familial cases of ADHD from Makkah Region to identify the genetic polymorphisms associated with the disease in our Saudi population. Methods: Exome sequencing was carried out using Ion Proton with AmpliSeq Exome library methods, and the data were analysed by Ion Reporter 5.6 software. Results: A total of 33 variants were identified from 222 genes selected from the GWAS catalogue for ADHD associated genes. However, the SNPs we identified in these genes were not reported to be associated with ADHD in previous studies. We have identified 2 novel missense variants;one in c.3451G > T;p. (Ala1151Ser) in ITGA1 gene and another is c.988G > A;p. (Ala330Thr) in SPATA13 genes. The variants rs928661, rs11150370 and rs386792899 were the only three variants that appeared on all the 4 patients studied. Six missense variants, rs16841277, rs2228209, rs2230283, rs3741883, rs1716 and rs2272606, were found in 3 different patients, respectively. However, the three documented variants are rs13166360 with bipolar disorder, rs920829 with neuropathic pain, and rs6558702 with schizophrenia. Conclusion: We have identified 2 novel variants in ADHD children. SIFT score of all variants indicates that these substitutions have damaging effects on the protein function. Further screening studies are recommended for confirmation.展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATX) combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Methods: A total of 60 cases of ADHD children admitted to our hospital between November 2021 and November 2022 were selected and randomly grouped into Group I and Group II. There were 30 cases in Group I who were treated with ATX combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy. There were 30 cases in Group II who were treated with ATX monotherapy, and the therapeutic effects were compared. Results: Before treatment, there was no difference in the behavioral problem scores and cognitive function indexes of the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the behavioral problem scores of Group I were lower than those of Group II, and the cognitive function indicators of Group I were lower than those of Group II (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate of Group I was lower than that of Group II, and the total effective rate was higher than that of Group II (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ATX combined with psychological-behavioral modification therapy improved the behavioral problems of ADHD children, enhanced their cognitive function, and reduced the adverse reactions to drug treatment.
文摘The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common disorders in the childhood and adolescence population, but also in the reproductive period, affects and influences learning, social relations and their quality of life. There are strong neuropathological similarities between ADHD and various concomitant psychiatric conditions. ADHD frequently coexists with learning and language disabilities, sleep disorders, impulse control personality and anxiety disorders, intellectual disability, substance use disorders and mood disorders, as well as autism spectrum disorders and tic disorders. The overlapping symptoms of ADHD and other morbidities constitute challenges but also an imperative need for the experts to be able to detect and clarify so as to achieve the proper diagnosis and the relative treatment. The expression of the disease differs accordingly depending on the age group and the presence of comorbidities. In school-age, symptoms of ADHD include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. In adolescence, depending on the gender, hyperactivity decreases but the problems in learning and psychopathology still remain. Therefore, it is recommended that when ADHD coexists with other psychopathologies in childhood and adolescence to first and directly treat the most weakened condition so that the child or the adolescent can change the course of their psychiatric morbidity and improve their ability to function and socialize.
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a neuropsychopedagogical parenting program (NPP) on the cognitive and motor development of children with ADHD. 70 children with ADHD participated in the present study, of both sexes, aged between 06 and 08 years old (7.08 years old), who were divided into two groups: (A—35 children with ADHD who did not undergo the NPP;B—35 children with ADHD who underwent the NPP). The NPP had a duration of 25 sessions of 15 minutes each, at a frequency of 3 times a week. To evaluate the effects of the NPP, the children were submitted to the following protocols: 1) Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Questionaire (SNAP-IV);2) Assessment of Motor Competence through the Supine-to Stand (STS);3) Assessment of executive functioning through the HEAD-FOOT-KNEE- SHOULDER (HFKS) protocol;4) Assessment of Reading Comprehension. Both groups were evaluated before the NPP, after the NPP and four months after the end of the NPP. Our results show that GB children in the signs/ symptoms evaluated by SNAP-IV had a superior performance by ±11% (p < 0.01) in relation to GA children. Regarding motor competence, the children from GB had a superior performance by ±24% (p < 0.01) in relation to children from GA. When assessed for executive functioning when establishing an intergroup comparison, GB children performed ±23% better (p < 0.01) than GA children. Regarding reading ability, children from (GB) had a superior performance by ±9% (p < 0.05) compared to children from (GA), after undergoing the NPP.
文摘Objective: Parallels in findings of attachment and ADHD research suggest a connection between both constructs. However, the few articles dealing with that tie investigate children with all conceivable expressions of ADHD and have not found sufficient evidence regarding the connection between ADHD and attachment. This study sought to collect evidence of a possible connection between the two aspects among children with the predominantly inattentive ADHD type. Method: The sample consisted of 93 children aged 5 - 9 years, 48 of whom had an ADHD diagnosis of the predominantly inattentive type. Attachment was coded using the German adaptation of the Attachment Story Completion Task, externalizing behavior problems were rated using the Child Behavior Checklist 4 - 18. ADHD was assessed using both clinical diagnoses as well as the German ADHD Rating scale. Results: Results revealed a large difference in the distribution of attachment classification between children with ADHD and those without ADHD. Regression analysis, however, showed no independent effect on ADHD when externalizing behavior problems were controlled for. Conclusions: Both constructs seem to be connected, however, in the investigation of the influence of attachment on the disorder, ADHD as a global construct is too unspecific. As opposed to previous studies, considering only the inattentive type, the relation might completely be moderated by externalizing behavior problems. Subsequent studies should first focus on specific symptom patterns which at best should be analyzed within longitudinal studies.
文摘Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a widespread and debilitating disorder with relatively high prevalence in Saudi Arabia. Neuropsychological and radiological investigations have revealed that there are some differences in the components of the brain regions in children with and without ADHD. In this study we have performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in four non-familial cases of ADHD from Makkah Region to identify the genetic polymorphisms associated with the disease in our Saudi population. Methods: Exome sequencing was carried out using Ion Proton with AmpliSeq Exome library methods, and the data were analysed by Ion Reporter 5.6 software. Results: A total of 33 variants were identified from 222 genes selected from the GWAS catalogue for ADHD associated genes. However, the SNPs we identified in these genes were not reported to be associated with ADHD in previous studies. We have identified 2 novel missense variants;one in c.3451G > T;p. (Ala1151Ser) in ITGA1 gene and another is c.988G > A;p. (Ala330Thr) in SPATA13 genes. The variants rs928661, rs11150370 and rs386792899 were the only three variants that appeared on all the 4 patients studied. Six missense variants, rs16841277, rs2228209, rs2230283, rs3741883, rs1716 and rs2272606, were found in 3 different patients, respectively. However, the three documented variants are rs13166360 with bipolar disorder, rs920829 with neuropathic pain, and rs6558702 with schizophrenia. Conclusion: We have identified 2 novel variants in ADHD children. SIFT score of all variants indicates that these substitutions have damaging effects on the protein function. Further screening studies are recommended for confirmation.
