DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL CHIRAL IONIC LIQUIDS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN FREE RADICAL POLYMERIZATION OF METHYL METHACRYLATE

Two new chiral ionic liquids, 1 -((-)-menthoxycarbonylmethylene)-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphateand 1-((-)-menthoxycarbonylmethylene)-3-hexadecylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, were designed an d prepared. Theirchemical structures were characterized by ~1H-NMR. Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA) in these two ionic liquids was carried out using AIBN/CuCl_2/bipy as the initiating system. The resultant well-definedpolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was employed as a macroinitiator to induce the atom transfer radical polymerization ofmenthyl methacrylate (MnMA) in chlorobenzene, which yielded a PMMA-b-PMnMA diblock copolymer with narrow polydispersity.

Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of L-(+)-a-(Positive Butyl)-Leucine Ethyl Ester Chiral Ionic Liquids

L-（＋）-α-（positive butyl）-leucine ethyl ester bromide chiral ionic liquid was synthesized by using microwave-assisted synthesis method and L-（＋）-α-（positive butyl）-leucine ethyl ester terafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate chiral ionic liquids were synthesized by the anion exchange reaction. The structures were characterized by IR, ~1HNMR and structure optimization calculation. The results of studies on physicochemical properties show that they possess better thermal stability, solubility, bio-solubility and high conductivity. They can serve as effective reaction media as well as chiral catalysts. They are presently being investigated as dispersion agents in molecular imprinting ployer.

Novel N-methylimidazolium Chiral Ionic Liquids with Esterfunction Functionality in Cation

Using （S）-（-）-2-chloropropionie acid ethyl ester and N-methylimidazole as raw materials, we designed and synthesized three N-methylimidazolium chiral ionic liquids by the nucleophilic substitution reaction or anion exchange reaction. These chiral ionic liquids structures were analyzed with structure optimization calculation, IR, and HNMR. Their reaction mechanism and physical chemistry properties were explored. As a result, these chiral ionic liquids possess optical activity, low melting point, high conductivity, and weak acidity, etc. They can serve as effective reaction media as well as chiral catalysts. They are presently being investigated as dispersion agent in molecular imDrinting, nlover in our laboratory.

Chiral ionic liquids as chiral selectors for separation of tryptophan enantiomers by ligand exchange chromatography

Chiral ionic liquids (CILs) containing imidazolium cations and L-Proline (L-Pro) anions were applied as chiral selector to separate tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers on a C18 column by ligand exchange chromatography. Several factors influencing Trp enantiomers separation, such as alkyl chain length of CILs, concentrations of Cu2+ and CILs, pH of the mobile phase, flow rate, organic solvent and temperature, were studied. Under the optimal conditions, the Trp enantiomers could be successfully separated within 21 min with the resolution of 2.30. At the same time, some thermodynamical parameters were obtained. The experimental results show that the enthalpy values of the Trp enantiomers are negative, indicating that the separation process is exothermic. And the enthalpy values of D-Trp are larger than those of L-Trp, which indicates that L-Trp could form more stable ternary complexes with tryptophan enantiomers.

Asymmetric Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds by Using<i>N,N,N</i>-Tributylpropanaminium Based Novel Chiral Ionic Liquid

Asymmetric reductive amination of carbonyl compounds was carried out using a novel class of aliphatic quarternary ammonium based chiral ionic liquid. S-(+)-2,3-dihydroxy-N,N,N-tributylpropanaminum bromide chiral ionic liquid has been synthesized, characterized and used for asymmetric reductive amination of carbonyl compounds in the presence of sodium borohydride. These preliminary results are encouraging and advocate dual role of novel ionic liquid as a medium and reducing agent for proficient conversion of ketones to amines, however, reductive amination reaction needs to be established for other substituents.

Stereoselective Photochemical Reaction of Cyclohexyl Phenyl Ketone within Lytropic Liquid Crystals Formed by Chiral Ionic Liquids

Irradiation of cyclohexyl phenyl ketone （1） results in either intra- or intermolecular hydrogen abstraction to af- ford compounds 1-phenylhept-6-en-l-one （2） and a-cyclohexyl benzyl alcohol （3） as photoproducts, in which 3 has a pair of enantiomers. Herein, two types of chiral hexagonal liquid crystals were prepared to direct the enantioselec- tive photochemical reaction of 1. One of the hexagonal liquid crystals is composed of 1-tetradecyl-3-methyl- imidazolium bromide/p-xylene/H2O with the modification by a chiral inductor. The other one is formed by chiral （S）-3-hexadecyl-1-（1-hydroxy-propan-2-yl）-imidazolium bromide/p-xylene/H2O. The product analysis shows that the latter one can be used as a microreactor to achieve stereoselective photochemical reaction, while the former one produced compound 3 with no enantioselectivity at all.

聚醚功能化离子液体辅助不对称氢化合成D-泛解酸内酯

为了解决手性催化剂在不对称氢化中难以循环利用的问题,本研究基于氨基酸和咪唑鎓盐离子液体修饰的手性吡咯烷基双膦配体,采用聚醚胍盐离子液体辅助铑催化酮基泛解酸内酯均相不对称氢化合成D-泛解酸内酯。研究了铑催化剂前体、双膦配体结构、溶剂效应和聚醚离子液体掺杂对催化活性和对映选择性的影响。基于筛选出的最佳双膦配体,构建出“均相催化-液/固分离”体系用于手性催化剂的分离和循环。结果表明:该催化体系表现出较高的催化活性、对映选择性和长期稳定性,经过5次循环后未见催化性能有明显下降,为不对称氢化合成D-泛解酸内酯的可行性提供了理论和实验依据。

咪唑磺酸盐β-CD电色谱固定相在混合手性药物拆分中的应用

本文以烯丙基咪唑磺酸盐β-CD(AI-β-CD-OTs)为毛细管电色谱固定相,制备一种离子液体修饰的β-CD毛细管电色谱整体柱,建立一种毛细管电色谱-电喷雾-飞行时间/质谱(CEC-ESI-TOF/MS)联用分离分析美托洛尔和特布他林混合手性药物的方法。优化毛细管电色谱(CEC)分离条件及质谱(MS)检测条件,在最佳的CEC分离条件和MS检测条件下,两种混合药物对映体在15 min内实现基线分离,4组分的分离度分别为1.71,4.85,3.68。

Chiral metal-containing ionic liquid:Synthesis and applications in the enantioselective cycloaddition of carbon dioxide to epoxides

A series of novel chiral metal-containing ionic liquids(CMILs) consisting of the cation of crown ether-chelated potassium/sodium and the anion of chiral amino acids were designed and synthesized.These new CMILs were used to catalyze the enantioselective cycloaddition of epoxides and carbon dioxide incorporating with the salenCo(OOCCCl3) to generate corresponding chiral cyclic carbonates under mild conditions.These new catalysts can be recycled at least five times without significant loss of activity and enantioselectivity.

手性离子液体和纤维素三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)混合气相色谱手性固定相研究

合成了手性离子液体[C7H17NO]+[(CF3SO2)2]-和纤维素三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯),将其混合作为气相色谱固定相。研究结果表明:该混合固定相麦氏常数的平均极性值为760;在容量因子大于2的前提下,新型柱的塔板数可达1680块/m;其对手性化合物、特别是对氨基酸类具有良好的分离效果。有10对氨基酸的分离因子大于1.10,展示了该类色谱柱良好的手性应用前景。

L-AlaC_4NTf_2手性离子液体作为新型气相色谱固定相的性能研究

合成了一种手性离子液体L-丙氨酸叔丁酯双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺(L-AlaC4NTf2),将其作为新型气相色谱固定相,并与OV-1701按不同比例混合,考察了它们的色谱性能.研究结果表明,该离子液体作为手性固定相的热稳定性高于175℃;平均McReynolds常数为665;在容量因子为1.02时,理论塔板数可达每米1095块;其对烷烃、醇类、酮类、芳香族化合物、位置异构体以及一些手性化合物具有良好的分离效果.

功能化离子液体的制备及其在合成中的应用

简要介绍了最近关于功能化离子液体的制备以及在合成化学中的应用研究进展,重点介绍了手性离子液体、功能化酸性离子液体和离子液体负载的试剂或催化剂的研究进展。

手性离子液体的合成

近年来,研究者对室温离子液体极为关注,因为这些离子液体可以作为潜在的替代试剂用于有机合成、提取与分离、电化学和材料科学等方面。在离子液体中,手性离子液体由于可用在手性识别、不对称合成、消旋体的拆分、立体选择聚合、气相色谱、NMR位移试剂和液晶等方面而受到特别注意。尽管手性离子液体由于合成困难和费用昂贵而限制了其广泛应用,但其在不对称合成中可作为手性诱导物的应用前景促使研究者不断地去开发新型的手性离子液体。手性离子液体的制备既可以使用手性源(如氨基酸、胺、氨基醇以及生物碱类),也可以利用不对称合成的手段,其所具有的手性可位于分子的中心、轴或者平面上。本文综述了手性离子液体合成的最新进展,并按照阴离子或阳离子的种类将其分为咪唑类、吡啶类、铵类和噻唑啉盐类,同时简要介绍了一些新的合成技术。

手性离子液体拆分对映体技术研究进展

手性离子液体作为离子液体家族的重要一员,不仅拥有蒸汽压低、热稳定性好、较好的结构可调性等优良性能,同时具备较高的手性识别能力,近年来受到国内外学者的密切关注,将其作为手性选择剂广泛应用于对映体拆分领域,展现出良好的效果。针对近年来手性离子液体在液相色谱、毛细管电泳、气相色谱、液液萃取等领域对映体拆分方面的研究进展进行综述,对其拆分机理进行比较分析,指出现阶段手性离子液体在对映体拆分应用中存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑L-乳酸盐作为手性配体用于氨基酸的手性拆分

基于手性配体交换机理,研究了以手性离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑L-乳酸盐([EMIM][L-Lac])为手性配体拆分色氨酸对映体(Trys)、苯丙氨酸对映体(Phes)和酪氨酸对映体(Tyrs)的方法。实验考察了背景电解质和中心离子种类、手性配体与中心离子的浓度及比例、运行缓冲液pH等因素对Trys、Phes和Tyrs手性拆分的影响。研究发现,当运行缓冲液为40.0 mmol/L[EMIM][L-Lac]、20.0 mmol/L氯化铜(pH 4.5)时,3对对映体均能得到良好的手性拆分。为了验证[EMIM][L-Lac]的良好性能,实验进一步将L-乳酸(L-Lac)作为手性配体用于Trys的手性拆分。对比实验发现,单独使用L-乳酸,DL-Try只能得到部分拆分,加入离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐(EMIM-Ace)后,DL-Try分离情况得到了很大改善,但出峰时间延长至30 min以上。而使用[EMIM][L-Lac]时,Trys的出峰时间均在15 min以内。实验最后还对手性拆分机理做了进一步讨论。实验结果表明:在EMIM-Ace辅助L-Lac体系中,EMIM-Ace仅被用于抑制电渗流,并未参与手性配体交换反应;而在[EMIM][L-Lac]体系中,参与手性配体交换反应的主要是未解离的[EMIM][L-Lac],而不是解离后的L-乳酸根离子形成的L-乳酸。

手性功能化离子液体的合成进展

手性离子液体作为功能化离子液体的一种,综合了离子液体与手性物质两方面的特性。不仅具有手性特征,而且几乎无蒸气压,无可燃性,具有很高的热力学和化学稳定性,电导率高,可以循环使用,对无机和有机物有良好的溶解性、稳定性等。手性离子液体可以作为手性溶剂,催化剂载体或手性诱导剂,应用于手性合成、手性分离和手性催化等领域。本文综述了近些年来手性离子液体合成的最新进展,结构上按阴、阳离子分类,同一离子类型中按物质种类分类。同时介绍了一些新的合成技术。最后对手性离子液体可能的发展趋势和以后的研究方向进行了展望。

新型咪唑型手性离子液体的合成与表征

以天然手性源L-脯氨酸为原料,利用离子液体特殊的结构可调性质,将手性引入到离子液体结构中,经多步中间体合成了水溶性、室温下呈液相的新型咪唑型手性离子液体,总产率80%,并对各中间体及目标产物进行了LC-MS1、3CNMR和1HNMR和一些物理性质的测定。

功能化的离子液体:手性离子液体的合成与应用

手性在化学中占有重要地位.利用离子液体特殊的结构可调性质,将手性引入到离子液体结构中,可以获得具有手性的离子液体,从而可能广泛应用于手性合成、手性分离、手性催化等领域.汇总了至今报道的手性离子液体,从离子液体功能化设计的角度探讨其合成方法.针对手性离子液体可能的发展方向,再次强调了由天然手性源设计合成离子液体遵循的三个标准.

手性离子液体应用的研究进展

手性离子液体作为一种新型的功能材料,近年来逐渐成为研究的热点。重点综述了其在Michael加成、Diels-Alder反应、羟醛缩合反应、Baylis-Hillman加成等不对称合成反应及光谱识别、色谱分离、材料合成等领域的最新应用发展,并指出了限制手性离子液体应用的主要困难和问题,展望了今后的发展方向。