We selected healthy Pinus massioniana for pine wood nematode inoculation experiments to get the spectral reflectance of healthy and infected Pinus mas- sioniana in different infection stages via a ground spectrometer ...We selected healthy Pinus massioniana for pine wood nematode inoculation experiments to get the spectral reflectance of healthy and infected Pinus mas- sioniana in different infection stages via a ground spectrometer （ wavelength in 350 - 2 500 nm）, and analyzed the changes in chlorophyll content at various periods. The original spectral reflectance of healthy and infected P. massoniana was significantly different in the middle and late infection stages, and the reflection peak and absorption valley in visible light region and near infrared region gradually weakened and even disappeared to a straight line. There was significant correlation rela- tionship between chlorophyll content of infected plants and spectral reflectance at the wavelength of 1 405 nm, and the quantitative inversion model of chlorophyll content was correspondingly established as follows： Car = - 1.74（X1~ ）2 ＋ 4. 72X1,~ - 0. 76. Through first-order derivative spectra at the wavelength of 593 nm, combined with quantitative inversion of the corresponding chlorophyll content, we can discriminate whether P. massoniana is infected by pine lt disease or not, especially in the early stages before disease features are visible to the naked eyes it has a good quantitative monitoring effect.展开更多
ENVISAT/MERIS scenes of Lake Guiers covering the period 2003-2010 were processed for concentration retrieval of chlorophyll a (CHLa), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and colored fraction of dissolved organic matter...ENVISAT/MERIS scenes of Lake Guiers covering the period 2003-2010 were processed for concentration retrieval of chlorophyll a (CHLa), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and colored fraction of dissolved organic matter (CDOM), i.e. the three main parameters relevant to the water quality management of the lake. Estimates in the range of 30 - 117 μg CHLa L<sup>-1</sup> (average 62.13 μg·L<sup>-1</sup>), 0.10 - 29.0 mg SPM L<sup>-1</sup> (average 22.01 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>), and 1.10 - 1.90 CDOM m<sup>-1</sup> (average 1.33 m<sup>-1</sup>) were recorded, suggesting the possibility of occasional poor quality waters in some compartments of the lake. The values calculated as part of this study are consistent with literature data. On the basis of these estimates, interpretations were made as to the feasibility of applying MERIS data for synoptic environmental monitoring purposes. The data were subjected to statistical analysis, including regression analysis and significance tests. Estimates of CHLa and CDOM revealed some level of correlation, which suggests that phytoplankton biomass degradation may account for nearly 47% of the dissolved optical compounds CDOM. Notable areas of high CHLa and CDOM concentrations are found in the southern inshore zone, an environment with less water agitation. In contrast, SPM concentrations tend to increase in environments of very shallow water marked by high water turbulence and bottom mobility. However, it was not possible to fully assess the model performance and detection accuracy of the results due to lack of ground truths. Nonetheless, the results show concentrations that compared well with the insitu data from earlier studies and data reported elsewhere from other lacustrine systems. Therefore, it can be inferred from this study that MERIS data present a useful low-cost (i.e. cost effective and readily available) approach for environmental monitoring of Lake Guiers waters with excellent spatial coverage. In addition, the study highlighted the minimal effect of the so-called “bottom effect” on model predictions, despite the small depth of the lake.展开更多
Laser induced fluorescence technique for sea water monitoring allows no-time consuming, non-invasive and non-destructive controls. In this study, the performance of the new shipboard laser spectrofluorometric CAS-PER ...Laser induced fluorescence technique for sea water monitoring allows no-time consuming, non-invasive and non-destructive controls. In this study, the performance of the new shipboard laser spectrofluorometric CAS-PER (Compact and Advanced Laser Spectrometer—ENEA Patent) for monitoring phytoplankton community composition was examined. The prototype CASPER is based on double laser excitation of water samples in the UV (266 nm) and visible (405 nm) spectral region and a double water filtration in order to detect both quantitative data, such as chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), proteins-like components (tyrosine, tryptophan), algal pigments (chlorophylls a and b, phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, different pigments of the carotenoid groups) and qualitative data on the presence of hydrocarbons and oil pollutants. Sea water samples from different depths have been collected and analyzed from August 2010 through November 2011 in the Gulf of Asinara (N-W Sardinia). Several sampling stations were selected as sites with different degree of pollution. The accuracy and the reliability of data obtained by CASPER have been evaluated comparing the results with other standard measurements such as: Chlorophyll a (Chl a) data obtained by spectrophotometric method and total phytoplankton abundance in terms of density and class composition. Spectral deconvolution technique was developed and integrated with CASPER system to assess and characterize a marker pigments and organic compounds in situ and in vivo. Field studies confirmed CASPER system capability to effectively discriminate characteristic spectra of fluorescent water constituents, contributing to decrease the time-consuming manual analysis of the water samples in the laboratory.展开更多
[目的/意义]烤烟叶片叶绿素含量(Leaf Chlorophyll Content,LCC)是表征烤烟光合作用、营养状况和长势的重要指标。本研究的目的为高效精确地估测不同生长期烤烟LCC。[方法]以中烟100烟叶为研究对象,利用无人机搭载Resonon Pika L高光谱...[目的/意义]烤烟叶片叶绿素含量(Leaf Chlorophyll Content,LCC)是表征烤烟光合作用、营养状况和长势的重要指标。本研究的目的为高效精确地估测不同生长期烤烟LCC。[方法]以中烟100烟叶为研究对象,利用无人机搭载Resonon Pika L高光谱成像仪采集烤烟在6个关键生育期冠层反射率数据。基于相关分析筛选了21种LCC的敏感光谱指数,通过比较不同光谱组合及不同回归分析算法的预测精度,最终建立了基于多种光谱指数组合的LCC回归估测模型。采用一元线性回归(Unary Linear Regression,ULR)、多元线性回归(Multivariable Linear Regression,MLR)、偏最小二乘回归(Partial Least Squares Regression,PLSR)、支持向量回归(Support Vector Regression,SVR)和随机森林回归(Random Forest Regression,RFR) 5种建模方法进行LCC估测。[结果和讨论]在不同生育期大部分光谱参数与LCC的相关性达到极显著(P<0.01);相较于传统植被指数,新组合的光谱指数显著提升了与LCC的相关性;对单变量LCC估测模型ULR,以移栽后75 d新组合的归一化光谱指数与红光比率光谱指数的单变量建模精度最高,两者决定系数(Coefficient of Determination,R~2)和均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)分别为0.822和0.814,0.226和0.230。MLR、PLSR、SVR和RFR建模方法预测结果表明,RFR算法在LCC估测中效果最好,其中使用移栽后75 d数据验证集的R~2和RMSE可达0.919和0.146。[结论]本研究通过分析多种光谱指数与烤烟LCC的响应规律,构建可靠的烤烟叶片LCC估测模型,可为烤烟叶LCC估测以及烤烟的生长发育监测提供理论依据和技术支撑。展开更多
介绍了利用便携式调制荧光仪PAM-2100在线监测叶绿素荧光的技术。该技术不影响植物的自然光合状态, 可以在线监测Ft、Fm'、Y、rETR、qP、qN或NPQ、PAR和叶温等指标。以凤眼莲为例进行了在线监测,每隔5 min 监测一次,共进行了225 mi...介绍了利用便携式调制荧光仪PAM-2100在线监测叶绿素荧光的技术。该技术不影响植物的自然光合状态, 可以在线监测Ft、Fm'、Y、rETR、qP、qN或NPQ、PAR和叶温等指标。以凤眼莲为例进行了在线监测,每隔5 min 监测一次,共进行了225 min的监测。结果表明叶绿素荧光参数的变化依赖于PAR的变化。Ft、rETR、qN和NPQ的变化与PAR的变化趋势一致,Fm'、Y和qP的变化与PAR的变化相反。通过对凤眼莲的在线监测,说明该技术是可靠的,具有简单、快速、灵敏等特点。随着新型调制荧光仪的出现,该技术可能在植物生态学领域得到广泛应用。展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Scientific Research(Forestry)in the Public Interest(201304208)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31100414,31470579)+1 种基金General Program of Natural Science Research in Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(11KJB220001)Advantage Discipline Construction Project of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province
文摘We selected healthy Pinus massioniana for pine wood nematode inoculation experiments to get the spectral reflectance of healthy and infected Pinus mas- sioniana in different infection stages via a ground spectrometer （ wavelength in 350 - 2 500 nm）, and analyzed the changes in chlorophyll content at various periods. The original spectral reflectance of healthy and infected P. massoniana was significantly different in the middle and late infection stages, and the reflection peak and absorption valley in visible light region and near infrared region gradually weakened and even disappeared to a straight line. There was significant correlation rela- tionship between chlorophyll content of infected plants and spectral reflectance at the wavelength of 1 405 nm, and the quantitative inversion model of chlorophyll content was correspondingly established as follows： Car = - 1.74（X1~ ）2 ＋ 4. 72X1,~ - 0. 76. Through first-order derivative spectra at the wavelength of 593 nm, combined with quantitative inversion of the corresponding chlorophyll content, we can discriminate whether P. massoniana is infected by pine lt disease or not, especially in the early stages before disease features are visible to the naked eyes it has a good quantitative monitoring effect.
文摘ENVISAT/MERIS scenes of Lake Guiers covering the period 2003-2010 were processed for concentration retrieval of chlorophyll a (CHLa), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and colored fraction of dissolved organic matter (CDOM), i.e. the three main parameters relevant to the water quality management of the lake. Estimates in the range of 30 - 117 μg CHLa L<sup>-1</sup> (average 62.13 μg·L<sup>-1</sup>), 0.10 - 29.0 mg SPM L<sup>-1</sup> (average 22.01 mg·L<sup>-1</sup>), and 1.10 - 1.90 CDOM m<sup>-1</sup> (average 1.33 m<sup>-1</sup>) were recorded, suggesting the possibility of occasional poor quality waters in some compartments of the lake. The values calculated as part of this study are consistent with literature data. On the basis of these estimates, interpretations were made as to the feasibility of applying MERIS data for synoptic environmental monitoring purposes. The data were subjected to statistical analysis, including regression analysis and significance tests. Estimates of CHLa and CDOM revealed some level of correlation, which suggests that phytoplankton biomass degradation may account for nearly 47% of the dissolved optical compounds CDOM. Notable areas of high CHLa and CDOM concentrations are found in the southern inshore zone, an environment with less water agitation. In contrast, SPM concentrations tend to increase in environments of very shallow water marked by high water turbulence and bottom mobility. However, it was not possible to fully assess the model performance and detection accuracy of the results due to lack of ground truths. Nonetheless, the results show concentrations that compared well with the insitu data from earlier studies and data reported elsewhere from other lacustrine systems. Therefore, it can be inferred from this study that MERIS data present a useful low-cost (i.e. cost effective and readily available) approach for environmental monitoring of Lake Guiers waters with excellent spatial coverage. In addition, the study highlighted the minimal effect of the so-called “bottom effect” on model predictions, despite the small depth of the lake.
文摘Laser induced fluorescence technique for sea water monitoring allows no-time consuming, non-invasive and non-destructive controls. In this study, the performance of the new shipboard laser spectrofluorometric CAS-PER (Compact and Advanced Laser Spectrometer—ENEA Patent) for monitoring phytoplankton community composition was examined. The prototype CASPER is based on double laser excitation of water samples in the UV (266 nm) and visible (405 nm) spectral region and a double water filtration in order to detect both quantitative data, such as chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), proteins-like components (tyrosine, tryptophan), algal pigments (chlorophylls a and b, phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, different pigments of the carotenoid groups) and qualitative data on the presence of hydrocarbons and oil pollutants. Sea water samples from different depths have been collected and analyzed from August 2010 through November 2011 in the Gulf of Asinara (N-W Sardinia). Several sampling stations were selected as sites with different degree of pollution. The accuracy and the reliability of data obtained by CASPER have been evaluated comparing the results with other standard measurements such as: Chlorophyll a (Chl a) data obtained by spectrophotometric method and total phytoplankton abundance in terms of density and class composition. Spectral deconvolution technique was developed and integrated with CASPER system to assess and characterize a marker pigments and organic compounds in situ and in vivo. Field studies confirmed CASPER system capability to effectively discriminate characteristic spectra of fluorescent water constituents, contributing to decrease the time-consuming manual analysis of the water samples in the laboratory.
文摘[目的/意义]烤烟叶片叶绿素含量(Leaf Chlorophyll Content,LCC)是表征烤烟光合作用、营养状况和长势的重要指标。本研究的目的为高效精确地估测不同生长期烤烟LCC。[方法]以中烟100烟叶为研究对象,利用无人机搭载Resonon Pika L高光谱成像仪采集烤烟在6个关键生育期冠层反射率数据。基于相关分析筛选了21种LCC的敏感光谱指数,通过比较不同光谱组合及不同回归分析算法的预测精度,最终建立了基于多种光谱指数组合的LCC回归估测模型。采用一元线性回归(Unary Linear Regression,ULR)、多元线性回归(Multivariable Linear Regression,MLR)、偏最小二乘回归(Partial Least Squares Regression,PLSR)、支持向量回归(Support Vector Regression,SVR)和随机森林回归(Random Forest Regression,RFR) 5种建模方法进行LCC估测。[结果和讨论]在不同生育期大部分光谱参数与LCC的相关性达到极显著(P<0.01);相较于传统植被指数,新组合的光谱指数显著提升了与LCC的相关性;对单变量LCC估测模型ULR,以移栽后75 d新组合的归一化光谱指数与红光比率光谱指数的单变量建模精度最高,两者决定系数(Coefficient of Determination,R~2)和均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)分别为0.822和0.814,0.226和0.230。MLR、PLSR、SVR和RFR建模方法预测结果表明,RFR算法在LCC估测中效果最好,其中使用移栽后75 d数据验证集的R~2和RMSE可达0.919和0.146。[结论]本研究通过分析多种光谱指数与烤烟LCC的响应规律,构建可靠的烤烟叶片LCC估测模型,可为烤烟叶LCC估测以及烤烟的生长发育监测提供理论依据和技术支撑。
文摘介绍了利用便携式调制荧光仪PAM-2100在线监测叶绿素荧光的技术。该技术不影响植物的自然光合状态, 可以在线监测Ft、Fm'、Y、rETR、qP、qN或NPQ、PAR和叶温等指标。以凤眼莲为例进行了在线监测,每隔5 min 监测一次,共进行了225 min的监测。结果表明叶绿素荧光参数的变化依赖于PAR的变化。Ft、rETR、qN和NPQ的变化与PAR的变化趋势一致,Fm'、Y和qP的变化与PAR的变化相反。通过对凤眼莲的在线监测,说明该技术是可靠的,具有简单、快速、灵敏等特点。随着新型调制荧光仪的出现,该技术可能在植物生态学领域得到广泛应用。
