Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect of Sodium Copper Chlorophyllin Tablet in Treating60Cases of Leukopenia

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium copper chlorophyllin （trademarked as ＂Yebaike Tablet （叶拜克） which is abbreviated as YBK in treating leukopenia. Methods： One hundred and five patients with leukopenia caused by various factors were randomized into 3 groups. The 60 patients in the YBK group took orally YBK Tablets at the dose of 40 mg, three times per day, the 30 patients in the leucogen group were treated with Leucogen Tablets （利血生片） at the dose of 20 mg, three times per day, and the 15 patients in the placebo group were administered with vitamin C tablets 100 mg, three times per day. All the subjects were treated for 1 month. The change of peripheral leucocytes count after treatment and adverse drug reaction that occurred in patients were studied. Results： In the 60 patients treated with YBK, the treatment proved to be markedly effective in 34 cases, effective in 17 and ineffective in 9, the total effective rate being 85%, which was significantly higher than that in the placebo group （26.7%, P〈0.01） and similar to that in the leucogen group （83.3 %, P〉0.05）. No adverse reaction was found in the treatment course. Conclusion： YBK can be used in the treatment of leukopenia caused by various factors, satisfactory in efficacy and safe in use.

ISOLATION OF HUMAN TRANSCRIPTS EXPRESSED IN 16HBE CELLS RELATED TO CHLOROPHYLLIN ANTITRANSFORMING ACTIVITY AGAINST ANTI-BPDE BY cDNA REPRESENTATIONAL DIFFERENCE ANALYSIS

Objective: To analyze the differentially expressed cDNA sequences related to chlorophyllin (CHL) mediated inhibition of malignant transformation of human bronchia1 epithelial cell line (16HBE). Methods: 16HBE cells treated with chlorophyllin and anti-BPDE were conducted as tester, 16HBE cells treated only with anti-BPDE were conducted as driver, and cDNA representational difference analysis (cDNA RDA) was used to compare the differential gene expression between the two kinds of cells. The cDNA fragments were ligated to pGEM-T vector and transformed into JM109 bacteria. The plasmid DNA was sequenced and compared with database in GenBank by BLASTN. Results: Among the 5 cloned cDNA sequences, three were novel and were registered in dbEST database, two showed sequence homology to alpha-enolase and a newly found gene ribosomal protein S18/S6-like. Conclusion: These 5 cDNA sequences might play important roles in antitransforming effect of chlorophyllin.

Study on the Photodynamic Efficiency of Sodium Chlorophyllin from Spirulina

[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the photodynamic technology(PDT) of water-soluble sodium chlorophyllin extract from Spirulina and its photodynamic sterilization efficiency on Gram bacteria and photodynamic antitumor effect on rat glioma C6 cells. [Methods]The absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum of sodium chlorophyllin were measured by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer and a fluorescence spectrophotometer;the plate count method was used to investigate the photodynamic sterilization efficiency of sodium chlorophyllin on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus;and the MTT method was used to determine the photodynamic antitumor effect of sodium chlorophyllin on rat glioma cell C6. [Results] The sterilization rates of sodium chlorophyllin with the 100 J/cm^2 photodynamic treatment were 98.96% 1.284 and 100% 0 on S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. The half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) of the sodium chlorophyllin photodynamic therapy with 5, 10 and 20 J/cm^2 on C6 were 69.9, 48.21 and 47.56 μg/ml respectively, and the dark toxicity was extremely low at 0 J/cm^2. [Conclusions]The photodynamic treatment mediated by the alcohol-extracted sodium chlorophyllin from Spirulina showed excellent inhibitory effects on bacteria and tumor cells. This study initially reveals its excellent photodynamic performance and provides a reference for its in-depth application in the field of photodynamic therapy.

顶空进样-气相色谱法测定着色剂叶绿素铜钠盐中溶剂残留量

建立顶空进样-气相色谱测定着色剂叶绿素铜钠盐中溶剂残留量的分析方法。对平衡温度、分流比及色谱柱型号等参数进行考察,氢火焰离子化检测器(Flame Ionization Detector,FID)检测,内标法定量。结果表明,通过CD-624毛细管色谱柱分离,平衡温度设为80℃时效果最优,6种残留溶剂可实现完全分离,线性关系良好,r均大于0.999,加标回收率为84.50%~98.83%,相对标准偏差(n=6)均低于10%。该方法简单、快速、准确,可满足着色剂叶绿素铜钠盐中溶剂残留量的检测。

叶绿素铜钠盐的制备

用正交法考察了温度、ＮａＯＨ用量、溶剂Ａ和溶剂Ｂ的体积比，以及溶剂总体积（ｍｌ）和糊状叶绿素重量（ｇ）比等四因素对叶绿素铜酸制备过程中的皂化工序的影响；对铜代过程中硫酸铜用量和铜代条件进行试验；探索了酸化结晶工序的工艺条件；采用了反萃结晶法精制叶绿素铜酸；测定了叶绿素铜酸在溶剂中的溶解度；研究了反萃结晶过程的工艺条件；考察了蒸发干燥过程中温度和时间的影响．在对叶绿素铜钠盐制备过程的总结和分析的基础上，提出了优化的工艺流程和条件，并对其进行了实验验证．全过程叶绿素铜钠盐的收率可达５９．８％．

由竹叶制取叶绿素铜钠盐的研究

本文研究了以竹叶、杨树叶等为原料制取叶绿素铜钠盐的工艺步骤和工艺条件,结果表明,用95％乙醇为主要溶剂萃取,经过5％NaOH溶液皂化,再用CuSO_4进行铜化反应,并以NaOH成盐等步骤。所得叶绿素铜钠盐产品符合国家食品添加剂标准GB3262-82,得率0.25％～0.3％(以鲜竹叶为基准)。

桑叶叶绿素锌钠盐的制备及其稳定性研究

利用桑叶制备叶绿素锌纳盐溶液,并对其稳定性进行研究。经过研究得到结论:叶绿素锌钠盐水溶性较好,耐热性、耐氧化还原性、pH为4.00～11.00时的稳定性较好,但光照条件下,稳定性较差。常见的食品添加剂(蔗糖、葡萄糖、食盐、柠檬酸)和一些金属离子(Al^(3+)、Ca^(2+)、Na^+、Mg^(2+))对叶绿素锌钠盐的稳定性无影响,而Cu^(2+)、Fe^(2+)对叶绿素锌钠盐的稳定性有较大的影响。

大叶黄杨叶制备叶绿素铜钠盐的工艺研究

以鲜大叶黄杨叶为原料 ,用 95 %酒精为溶剂提取叶绿素 ,再通过化学法制得叶绿素铜钠盐。工艺条件试验证明 :选用 5 % Na OH溶液进行皂化 ,再用 1 0 % Cu SO4 溶液进行铜代 ;最后用丙酮溶解 ,5 % Na OH乙醇溶液成盐 ,制得叶绿素铜钠盐达到国家标准。

姜叶叶绿素的提取及叶绿素铜钠的制备

研究姜叶叶绿素的提取工艺,并进行叶绿素铜钠的制备及其稳定性的初步分析。结果表明,提取姜叶叶绿素的最佳工艺条件为:以2:1的丙酮-95%乙醇混合溶液作提取溶剂,料液比1:30、浸提温度60℃、浸提时间5h;按先皂化后铜代工艺制备的叶绿素铜钠产品,具一定耐酸性,90℃以下热稳定性较好。

叶绿素及其衍生物的制备与测试

设计以竹叶为原料制备叶绿素及其衍生物的微型化学实验。用85%的丙酮作溶剂从竹叶中浸提得到鲜绿色的叶绿素溶液,经蒸发浓缩回收溶剂,可得糊状叶绿素。叶绿素经皂化、萃取、酸化及置换可制得难溶于水的叶绿素衍生物-叶绿素铜酸、叶绿素铁酸或叶绿素锌酸。纯化后的各种叶绿素衍生物与氢氧化钠溶液反应则制得水溶性的叶绿酸盐-叶绿素铜钠盐、叶绿素铁钠盐或叶绿素锌钠盐。实验结果表明,叶绿素及其衍生物的制备与测试方案,工艺流程合理,实验现象明显,结果正确。

海藻酸钠为囊材锐孔法制备铁叶绿酸钠微囊

研究了采用海藻酸钠为囊材,CaCl2溶液为固化液,锐孔法制备铁叶绿酸钠微囊的工艺条件。在实验中,探讨了固化液的浓度、囊材浓度、针头孔径、下滴高度、搅拌速度、乳化剂浓度等实验参数对微囊形态及包封率的影响。结果表明:以海藻酸钠为囊材锐孔法制备铁叶绿酸钠微囊的最佳工艺条件是海藻酸钠的浓度为1%,CaCl2溶液的浓度为2%,海藻酸钠溶液与铁叶绿酸钠溶液的浓度比为1:1,针头孔径0.45mm,转速800r/min,下滴高度10cm。铁叶绿酸钠微囊产品为墨绿色小颗粒,外形颗粒圆整,大小均匀,赋有青草味。

闭孔淋巴结清扫术的应用解剖

目的 :探讨淋巴结染色在闭孔淋巴结清扫术中的作用。方法 :在 56例 (1 1 2侧 )成人尸体标本 ,观察闭孔淋巴结的形态、分布及其与闭孔血管神经等结构的毗邻关系。将 2 0例宫颈癌病人分为淋巴结染色组和对照组。在淋巴结染色组 ,子宫颈注射 0 .3 %叶绿素 ,显示闭孔淋巴结。结果 :闭孔淋巴结 1～ 3个 ,体积较小 ,主要分布于闭孔血管神经的上段周围和闭膜管内口处。在 87侧标本 (78% ) ,闭孔血管神经的排列关系自前而后为神经、动脉、静脉。出现异常闭孔动脉 (1 3 % )、异常闭孔静脉 (4% )和闭孔疝(61 % )。在宫颈癌病人 ,淋巴结染色组切除闭孔淋巴结的数目比对照组多。结论 :闭孔淋巴结体积较小 ,位置较深 ,且与闭孔血管神经毗邻密切。

叶绿素光敏化降解水中阿特拉津

为考察阿特拉津在使用过程中的环境行为,实验在模拟太阳光照射下,以叶绿素铜钠盐作为光敏化剂,探讨了阿特拉津光降解的影响因素及降解动力学.结果表明,阿特拉津直接光解较慢,叶绿素铜钠加入可以促进阿特拉津的光降解,具有敏化作用,当阿特拉津初始浓度为2 mg·L-1,加入8 mg·L-1叶绿素铜钠时,阿特拉津的降解率最大,达52.4%.p H影响阿特拉津的光敏化降解,在p H=7时降解率较大,且随着光照时间的增加,阿特拉津的降解率也随之提高.阿特拉津的光降解反应符合一级反应动力学,半衰期为174 min.

叶绿素镁钠盐对液态食品中Staphylococcus aureus的光动力杀菌研究

以叶绿素镁钠盐为光敏剂,研究了其对几种液体食品中金黄色葡萄球菌的光动力杀菌效果。结果表明,叶绿素镁钠盐对几种液态食品中的金黄色葡萄球菌具有很强的杀菌效果,其中以10-5mol/L的叶绿素镁钠盐杀菌效果最佳,10 min金黄色葡萄球菌减少了4.5个对数;随着光照时间的延长,液态食品中的金黄色葡萄球菌的致死率明显增加,特别是在起始10 min内;一般透光性好的食品包装材料对液态食品中金黄色葡萄球菌光动力杀菌效率没有影响,但液态食品的pH对其杀菌效率有一定的影响。对于不同的液态食品,在澄清或酸性的食品中叶绿色镁钠盐的光动力杀菌效果较好,但当食品中含固体颗粒或较浑浊时,其杀菌效率显著降低。

生血宁治疗缺铁性贫血的临床研究

目的观察生血宁治疗缺铁性贫血的药效及对铁代谢平衡调节的分子机制。方法 1 0 0例缺铁性贫血患者随机分为生血宁治疗组和葡萄糖酸亚铁对照组各 5 0例 ,治疗组用生血宁 0 1 g ,每天 3次口服 ;对照组用葡萄糖酸亚铁 0 1 g ,每天 3次口服 ;均连续服用 3 0天。治疗前后各检测 1次血清铁 (Fe)、总铁结合力 (totalironbindingcapacity ,TIBC)、转铁蛋白饱和度 (transferrinsaturation ,TS)、铁蛋白 (serumferritin ,SF)、转铁蛋白 (transferrin ,Tf)、血清可溶性转铁蛋白受体 (solubletransferrinreceptor ,sTfR)、血常规 ,并进行中医气血两虚证候评分。结果治疗组总有效率为 92 %;表明生血宁能改善铁代谢 ,提高Fe、TS、SF ,降低TIBC、Tf、sTfR ;促进红细胞生成作用明显 ;尚能促进白细胞及血小板生成。对照组总有效率为 3 2 %。两组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1 )。结论生血宁治疗缺铁性贫血及气血两虚证效果明显 ,能改善铁代谢 ,提高Fe、TS、SF ,降低TIBC、Tf、sTfR。

叶绿素铁钠盐的制备

以苦菜中提取的叶绿素为原料,经皂化、酸化、铁代、成盐制备叶绿素铁钠盐,用紫外-分光光度法检测其质量。单因素试验和响应曲面法结合优化工艺试验条件为:先在pH≈12的体系中,59℃下皂化90 min;再于pH≈2～3体系中,65℃下酸化60 min后,加入42 mL质量分数10%FeSO4溶液,铁代时间97 min;最后用10%NaOH-乙醇调节溶液pH≈12而成盐。

蚕沙叶绿素锌钠盐的制备及其稳定性研究

利用蚕沙制备叶绿素锌钠盐溶液,采用分光光度计对叶绿素锌钠盐进行定性、定量测定,确定最大波长为412 nm。并对其稳定性进行研究。结果表明:叶绿素锌钠盐水溶性较好、耐热性、pH为2.66～13.01时的溶液稳定性较好,氧化剂(H_2O_2)、还原剂(Na_2SO_3)稳定性较好,Vc对叶绿素锌钠盐有一定保护作用,但对光不稳定。常见的食品添加剂(蔗糖、葡萄糖、食盐、柠檬酸)和一些金属离子(Ca^(2+)、Na^+、Mg^(2+))对叶绿素锌钠盐的稳定性无影响,而部分金属离子Cu^(2+)、Fe^(2+)、Al^(3+)对叶绿素锌钠盐的稳定性有较大的影响。

亚硒酸锰(Ⅲ)-叶绿酸钠的制备及其对小鼠的急性毒性和小鼠肝癌H_(22)的初步试验

目的:制备亚硒酸锰()-叶绿酸钠,并测定其对小鼠的急性毒性及对小鼠肝癌H22的抑制情况。方法:以蚕沙提取叶绿素,由叶绿素制备脱镁叶绿酸,与锰络合后制得锰()叶绿酸,再以亚硒酸化合制得亚硒酸锰()-叶绿酸钠;测定亚硒酸锰()-叶绿酸钠的急性毒性及对小鼠肝癌H22的抑制情况。结果:作者首次合成了亚硒酸锰()-叶绿酸钠。测得其LD50=1175mg·kg-1(95%的可信区间为851～1621mg·kg-1;其对小鼠肝癌H22的抑癌率为45～47%(灌胃剂量为500mg·kg-1)。结论:亚硒酸锰()-叶绿酸钠常温下性质稳定,毒性小,对小鼠肝癌H22有明显的抑制作用。

芹菜叶绿素铁钠与其他补血药物功效的比较研究

目的:探讨芹菜叶绿素铁钠与其他补血剂对大鼠缺铁性贫血的效果。方法:采用低铁饲料建立大鼠缺铁性贫血(IDA)模型,给予叶绿素铁钠、血红素铁、NaFeEDTA和FeSO4,通过测定大鼠血液指标血红蛋白(Hb)含量、红细胞(RBC)数和红细胞压积(HCT),观察补血疗效。结果:在实验30d时,与模型组和FeSO4组相比,叶绿素铁钠组的Hb、RBC、HCT显著增加(P<0.05);与血红素铁组和NaFeEDTA组相比,差异不显著。结论:芹菜叶绿素铁钠对治疗实验贫血鼠有明显的效果。

水葫芦叶制取叶绿素铜钠的工艺研究

本文研究了用水葫芦叶中的叶绿素来制作叶绿素铜钠的生产工艺,并确定了工艺的最佳条件。