Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy,neurosensory impairments,and cognitive deficits,and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ische...Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy,neurosensory impairments,and cognitive deficits,and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The therapeutic potential of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for various diseases has been explored.However,the potential use of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has not yet been investigated.In this study,we injected human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle of a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model and observed significant improvements in both cognitive and motor function.Protein chip analysis showed that interleukin-3 expression was significantly elevated in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy model rats.Following transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells,interleukin-3 expression was downregulated.To further investigate the role of interleukin-3 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,we established an in vitro SH-SY5Y cell model of hypoxic-ischemic injury through oxygen-glucose deprivation and silenced interleukin-3 expression using small interfering RNA.We found that the activity and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation were further suppressed by interleukin-3 knockdown.Furthermore,interleukin-3 knockout exacerbated neuronal damage and cognitive and motor function impairment in rat models of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The findings suggest that transplantation of hpcMSCs ameliorated behavioral impairments in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,and this effect was mediated by interleukin-3-dependent neurological function.展开更多
As one of the earliest markers for predicting pregnancy outcomes, human chorionic gonadotropin(h CG) values have been inconclusive on reliability of the prediction after frozen and fresh embryo transfer(ET). In this r...As one of the earliest markers for predicting pregnancy outcomes, human chorionic gonadotropin(h CG) values have been inconclusive on reliability of the prediction after frozen and fresh embryo transfer(ET). In this retrospective study, patients with positive h CG(day 12 after transfer) were included to examine the h CG levels and their predictive value for pregnancy outcomes following 214 fresh and 1513 vitrified-warmed single-blastocyst transfer cycles. For patients who got clinical pregnancy, the mean initial h CG value was significantly higher after frozen cycles than fresh cycles, and the similar result was demonstrated for patients with live births(LB). The difference in h CG value existed even after adjusting for the potential covariates. The area under curves(AUC) and threshold values calculated by receiver operator characteristic curves were 0.944 and 213.05 m IU/m L for clinical pregnancy after fresh ET, 0.894 and 399.50 m IU/m L for clinical pregnancy after frozen ET, 0.812 and 222.86 m IU/m L for LB after fresh ET, and 0.808 and 410.80 m IU/mL for LB after frozen ET with acceptable sensitivity and specificity, respectively. In conclusion, single frozen blastocyst transfer leads to higher initial h CG values than single fresh blastocyst transfer, and the initial h CG level is a reliable predictive factor for predicting IVF outcomes.展开更多
Objective To investigate telomerase activity in chorion and decidua from abortion induced by mifepristone incorporated with misoprostol at early pregnancy. Methods TRAP-SYBR Green assay was used to detect the expressi...Objective To investigate telomerase activity in chorion and decidua from abortion induced by mifepristone incorporated with misoprostol at early pregnancy. Methods TRAP-SYBR Green assay was used to detect the expression of telomerase. Forty specimen were obtained from medicinal abortion (experiment group) and forty were from normal induced abortion (control group). Results Positive expression of chorion telomerase was significantly different between the experimental group (28%, 11/40) and the control group (73%, 29/40) (P〈0.05). While in decidua, the positive rate was 28% (11/40) in the experimental group and 20% (9/40) in the control group, there was no significant difference (P〉0.05). Conclusion It is suggested that miferistone may significantly decrease the telomerase activity in chorion but not in decidua.展开更多
BACKGROUND Endothelial colony-forming cells(ECFCs)have been implicated in the process of vascularization,which includes vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.Vasculogenesis is a de novo formation of blood vessels,and is an ...BACKGROUND Endothelial colony-forming cells(ECFCs)have been implicated in the process of vascularization,which includes vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.Vasculogenesis is a de novo formation of blood vessels,and is an essential physiological process that occurs during embryonic development and tissue regeneration.Angiogenesis is the growth of new capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels,which is observed both prenatally and postnatally.The placenta is an organ composed of a variety of fetal-derived cells,including ECFCs,and therefore has significant potential as a source of fetal ECFCs for tissue engineering.AIM To investigate the possibility of isolating clonal ECFCs from human early gestation chorionic villi(CV-ECFCs)of the placenta,and assess their potential for tissue engineering.METHODS The early gestation chorionic villus tissue was dissociated by enzyme digestion.Cells expressing CD31 were selected using magnetic-activated cell sorting,and plated in endothelial-specific growth medium.After 2-3 wks in culture,colonies displaying cobblestone-like morphology were manually picked using cloning cylinders.We characterized CV-ECFCs by flow cytometry,immunophenotyping,tube formation assay,and Dil-Ac-LDL uptake assay.Viral transduction of CVECFCs was performed using a Luciferase/tdTomato-containing lentiviral vector,and transduction efficiency was tested by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry.Compatibility of CV-ECFCs with a delivery vehicle was determined using an FDA approved,small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix scaffold.RESULTS After four passages in 6-8 wks of culture,we obtained a total number of 1.8×107 CV-ECFCs using 100 mg of early gestational chorionic villus tissue.Immunophenotypic analyses by flow cytometry demonstrated that CV-ECFCs highly expressed the endothelial markers CD31,CD144,CD146,CD105,CD309,only partially expressed CD34,and did not express CD45 and CD90.CV-ECFCs were capable of acetylated low-density lipoprotein uptake and tube formation,similar to cord blood-derived ECFCs(CB-ECFCs).CV-ECFCs can be transduced with a Luciferase/tdTomato-containing lentiviral vector at a transduction efficiency of 85.1%.Seeding CV-ECFCs on a small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix scaffold confirmed that CV-ECFCs were compatible with the biomaterial scaffold.CONCLUSION In summary,we established a magnetic sorting-assisted clonal isolation approach to derive CV-ECFCs.A substantial number of CV-ECFCs can be obtained within a short time frame,representing a promising novel source of ECFCs for fetal treatments.展开更多
Objective: To determine the association of apoptosis in the layers of human fetal membranes distal to rupture site with labor at term. Study Design: Fetal membranes were collected from elective cesarean sections (n = ...Objective: To determine the association of apoptosis in the layers of human fetal membranes distal to rupture site with labor at term. Study Design: Fetal membranes were collected from elective cesarean sections (n = 8) and spontaneous vaginal deliveries (n = 8) at term. The extent of apoptosis within fetal membrane layers was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxy-UTP-nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and western blots for pro-apoptotic active caspase-3 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Results: Apoptotic index in chorionic trophoblasts of membranes distal to rupture site obtained after vaginal delivery was 3-fold higher than those obtained from elective cesarean (11.57% ± 4.98% and 4.05% ± 2.4% respectively;p = 0.012). The choriodecidua layers after vaginal deliveries had higher expression of the pro-apoptotic active caspase-3 and less expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 than those obtained from elective cesarean sections. Conclusions: Labor at term is associated with increased apoptosis in chorionic trophoblast cells of human fetal membranes distal to rupture site.展开更多
From the published data, the present mini-review attempts to answer two fundamental questions about the gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. In addition, it extrapolates the findings to other cancers that produce smal...From the published data, the present mini-review attempts to answer two fundamental questions about the gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. In addition, it extrapolates the findings to other cancers that produce small amounts of hCG and how a novel therapies could be developed.展开更多
Objective To explore if strand breaks of DNA in human early chorionic villus cells in uterus were induced by diagnostic ultrasound and to evaluate the method used for detection of single-stranded breaks and double-str...Objective To explore if strand breaks of DNA in human early chorionic villus cells in uterus were induced by diagnostic ultrasound and to evaluate the method used for detection of single-stranded breaks and double-stranded breaks in human DNA. Methods 60 normal pregnant women aged 20-30, who underwent artificial abortion during 6-8 weeks of gestation, were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups: All 30 cases were exposed to diagnostic ultrasound in uterus for 10 minutes, and 24 hours later chorionic villi were extracted; the other 30 cases were taken as the control group. Single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA in villus cells in all cases were isolated by the alkaline unwinding combined with hydroxylapatite chromatography, and were quantitatively detected using 32 P-labeled Alu probe for dot-blotting hybridization. Results There was no significant difference in quantity and percentage in single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA between 2 groups (P>0.05). 32 P-Alu probe could only hybridize with human DNA, and could detect DNA isolated from as few as 2.5×10 3 chorionic villus cells and 0.45ng DNA in human leukocytes. Conclusion The results suggested that there were no DNA strand damages in human chorionic villus cells when the uterus was exposed to diagnostic ultrasound for 10 minutes. The method,^(32)P-Alu probe for dot-blotting hybridization, was even more specific, sensitive and accurate than conventional approaches.展开更多
Choriogenesis is the last step of insect oogenesis,a process by which the chorion polypeptides are produced by the follicular cells and deposited on the surface of oocytes in order to provide a highly specialized prot...Choriogenesis is the last step of insect oogenesis,a process by which the chorion polypeptides are produced by the follicular cells and deposited on the surface of oocytes in order to provide a highly specialized protective barrier to the embryo.The essential features of chorion genes have yet to be clearly understood in the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella,a worldwide Lepidoptera pest attacking cruciferous crops and wild plants.In this study,complete sequences for 15 putative chorion genes were identified,and grouped into A and B classes.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both classes were highly conserved and within each,branches are also species-specific.Chorion genes from each class were located in pairs on scaffolds of the P.xylostella genome,some of which shared the common promoter regulatory region.All chorion genes were highly specifically expressed in the P.xylostella adult females,mostly in the ovary with full yolk,which is a crucial period to build the shells of the eggs.RNAi-based knockdown of chorion-1,which is located on the Px_scaffold 6 alone,although had no effect on yolk deposition,resulted in smaller eggs and sharply reduced hatchability.Additionally,inhibition of PxCho-1 expression caused a less dense arrangement of the columnar layers,reduced exochorion roughness and shorter microvilli.Our study provides the foundation for exploring molecular mechanisms of female reproduction in P.xylostella,and for making use of chorion genes as the potential genetic-based molecular target to better control this economically important pest.展开更多
To study the expression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) genes in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and benign renal disease tissues, nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and restricti...To study the expression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) genes in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and benign renal disease tissues, nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction endonuclease analysis were employed to detect the expression of βhCG genes in 44 cases of RCC tissues and 24 cases of benign renal disease tissues It was found that 52% RCC samples revealed positive for βhCG mRNA expression Positive rate in advanced stage and poorly differentiated RCC was higher, but there was no significant difference The positive rate of βhCG mRNA expression was 54% in 24 cases of benign renal tissues, including 3 cases out of 6 polycystic kidneys, 7 cases out of 13 renal atrophies, 2 cases out of 2 oncocytomas and 1 case out of 2 pyonephrotic kidneys β7 was most frequently transcribed subtype gene independent on the histology These findings suggested βhCG gene transcription is not only involved in RCC but also in benign renal diseases展开更多
Angiotensin-(1 - 7) [Ang-(1 - 7)] is an endogenous heptapeptide hormone of the renin-angiotensin system that has antiproliferative properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-proliferative and pro-apopto...Angiotensin-(1 - 7) [Ang-(1 - 7)] is an endogenous heptapeptide hormone of the renin-angiotensin system that has antiproliferative properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic properties of Ang-(1 - 7) and of Ang-(1 - 7)-substituents 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) e Ang II-derivatives containing the TOAC (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid) in normal (MCF10A) and in tumoral (MCF7) epithelial mammary cell lines. Both cell lines received an hCG and angiotensin peptides 24-hour treatment, in combination or alone followed by cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle assays performed by flow cytometer (GUAVA). After hCG, Ang-(1 - 7), hCG + Ang-(1 - 7) and hCG + Ang-(1 - 7)-Fmoc treatments, MCF7 displayed cell viability decrease and mid-apoptosis increase. We also observed cell viability decrease in MCF10A after Ang-(1 - 7), Ang-(1 - 7) Fmoc and hCG + AngII Toac treatments. These cells had an increase in late apoptosis and necrosis after AngII Toac, hCG + Ang-(1 - 7) and hCG + Ang-(1 - 7)-Fmoc treatments. Regarding the cell cycle analysis, we did not observed any changes in cell cycle phases. In summary, cell viability was decreased and apoptosis (initial, mid and late) was increased after hCG and/or Ang-(1 - 7) peptides treatments. These results point out hCG and Ang-(1 - 7) as effective compounds to inhibit cell proliferation, since they decrease cell viability and increase apoptosis in both normal and in tumoral breast cells, being the effect more pronounced in the tumoral cell line. Our results support the idea of investigating more closely the putative use of these compounds as novel therapeutic agents for breast cancer.展开更多
Background: The zygote of twins implants themselves separately and on different spots in the uterine endometrium. However, the growth of fetal membranes may be collective or singly. There is little data from sonograph...Background: The zygote of twins implants themselves separately and on different spots in the uterine endometrium. However, the growth of fetal membranes may be collective or singly. There is little data from sonographic view of assessment on the exact progression at different stages of gestation. More so, the realistic evidences from radiographic assessment of the compartmentalization of chorion membrane in the developing monochorionic and dichorionic twins are not sufficiently available, hence, the call to ascertain the exact progression of the chorion membrane through ultrasound scanning in gestational subjects. Aim: This present study examined the structural progression of embryonic growth pattern of chorionic membrane in monochorionic and dichorionic twins. Materials and Methods: The study utilized transabdominal ultrasound to periodically assess the progression of chorion membrane and advancement in compartmentalization of monochorionic and dichorionic twins as pregnancy proceeds. Results: The monochorionic membrane showed an enclosure that progresses to be more distinct and thickened around the two embryos with a unique T-shaped point of insertion in latter development. The partitioning of dichorionic membrane progresses to be less thickened and with a distinct lambda (λ) sign which is a wedge-shaped protrusion into the inter-twin space. Conclusion: Assessment showed that the growth pattern of chorion membrane varied with different parameters observed as early as in the first trimester. Hence during early gestational stage, a twin can be said to be monochorionic or dichorionic with key anatomical landmarks monitored. The growth progression could be used to project abnormality and on time treatment would be offered to improve perinatal outcome.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of different fertilization time after human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)injection on the outcome of fertilization in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods:One thousand one ...Objective:To explore the effect of different fertilization time after human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)injection on the outcome of fertilization in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods:One thousand one hundred and forty IVF-ET cycles from January 2016 to August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the different fertilization time after injection of HCG divided into four groups:Group A(38.0 h~39.0 h),Group B(39.1 h~40.0 h),Group C(40.1 h~41.0 h),and Group D(41.1 h~42.0 h).The normal fertilization rate,the normal cleavage rate,the embryo utilization rate,the high-quality embryo rate,the clinical pregnancy rate,the implantation rate,and the spontaneous abortion rate were analyzed among the groups.Then we investigated the effect of different promotion methods on the outcome of fertilization during the optimal fertilization time.Results:There was no significant difference in 2PN cleavage rate,available embryo rate,clinical pregnancy rate,implantation rate and abortion rate among the four groups(P>0.05).The high-quality embryo rate in Group D(44.6%)was the highest,and was significantly different among the four groups(P<0.05).The normal fertilization rate in Group D(71.6%)was the highest,and was significantly different among the four groups(P<0.05).The normal fertilization rate(78.1%)of antagonist group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:The different fertilization time after HCG injection have effects on high-quality embryo rate and normal fertilization rate of patients in IVF-ET.The appropriate fertilization time of patients in IVF-ET was 41 h~42 h after HCG injection in our reproductive center,improved the clinical pregnancy rate and reduced the early abortion rate.The GnRH-ant protocol is superior to other protocol in IVF-ET.展开更多
The purpose of this experiment was to observe the alterations in bioactivity of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) associated with early fetal loss (EFL), induced by the environmental toxin TCDD (2,3,7,8\|tetrachlorodibenzo\...The purpose of this experiment was to observe the alterations in bioactivity of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) associated with early fetal loss (EFL), induced by the environmental toxin TCDD (2,3,7,8\|tetrachlorodibenzo\| p \|dioxin) in the cynomolgus macaque. Ten of twelve females administered single doses of 1, 2 or 4 μg/kg TCDD on gestational day (GD) 12 had EFL from ten to twenty days later. Seven control animals treated only with the vehicle had normal pregnancies. Blood samples were repeatedly collected for hormone evaluation, from two days before treatment to thirty\|one days following treatment. Immunoreactive monkey chorionic gonadotropin (mCG) was measured in serum using ELISA, and bioactive mCG was measured using a luminescence LH/CG bioassay. No change in immunoreactive mCG levels was detected as a result of TCDD, treatment, but bioactive mCG levels were significantly lower in TCDD\|treated animals compared to controls. This change in bioactivity of mCG was also reflected in the ratio of mCG bioactivity to mCG immunoreactivity (B/I ratio) which began to rise in normal pregnancies by GD 20, but did not rise in TCDD treated animals. These results demonstrate that normal pregnancy in the monkey, as in humans, is characterized by a post\|implantation change in the B/I ratio of CG. These findings therefore suggest that changes in the production of bioactive CG may be used as a biomarker of environmental toxicant exposures which lead to EFL.展开更多
In this study, the immuno-response of recombinant hCG-β and natural hCGβ was comparatively investigated by using Freund's adjuvant. The results showed that, the properties and merits of the antibodies elicited b...In this study, the immuno-response of recombinant hCG-β and natural hCGβ was comparatively investigated by using Freund's adjuvant. The results showed that, the properties and merits of the antibodies elicited by both kinds of hCG-β were similar. The antisera had high affinity for binding with hCG (Kαγβ≈5.86×108/mol/L, Kαβ≈8.18×108/mol/L), and were found to be effective in inhibiting the binding of 125I-hCG to receptors in rat testes. Results also indicated that, similar to the antisera induced by natural hCG-β, the recombinant hCG-β induced antisera had capacity of neutralizing the biological activities of hCG. Recombinant hCG-β could be used as an immunogen for contraceptive vaccine.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the potential for early gestation placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells(PMSCs) for fetal tissue engineering.METHODS: PMSCs were isolated from early gestation chorionic villus tissue by explant...AIM: To investigate the potential for early gestation placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells(PMSCs) for fetal tissue engineering.METHODS: PMSCs were isolated from early gestation chorionic villus tissue by explant culture. Chorionic villus sampling(CVS)-size tissue samples(mean = 35.93 mg)were used to test the feasibility of obtaining large cell numbers from CVS within a clinically relevant timeframe. We characterized PMSCs isolated from 6 donor placentas by flow cytometry immunophenotyping, multipotency assays, and through immunofluorescent staining. Protein secretion from PMSCs was examined using two cytokine array assays capable of probing for over 70 factors in total. Delivery vehicle compatibility of PMSCs was determined using three common scaffold systems: fibrin glue, collagen hydrogel, and biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds made from a combination of polylactic acid(PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA). Viral transduction of PMSCs was performed using a Luciferase-GFPcontaining lentiviral vector and efficiency of transduction was tested by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry analysis.RESULTS: We determined that an average of 2.09 × 106(SD ± 8.59 × 105) PMSCs could be obtained from CVS-size tissue samples within 30 d(mean = 27 d, SD ± 2.28), indicating that therapeutic numbers of cells can be rapidly expanded from very limited masses of tissue. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry demonstrated that PMSCs were positive for MSC markers CD105, CD90, CD73, CD44, and CD29, and were negative for hematopoietic and endothelial markers CD45, CD34, and CD31. PMSCs displayed trilineage differentiation capability, and were found to express developmental transcription factors Sox10 and Sox17 as well as neuralrelated structural proteins NFM, Nestin, and S100 β. Cytokine arrays revealed a robust and extensive profile of PMSC-secreted cytokines and growth factors, and detected 34 factors with spot density values exceeding 103. Detected factors had widely diverse functions that include modulation of angiogenesis and immune response, cell chemotaxis, cell proliferation, blood vessel maturation and homeostasis, modulation of insulin-like growth factor activity, neuroprotection, extracellular matrix degradation and even blood coagulation. Importantly, PMSCs were also determined to be compatible with bothbiological and synthetic material-based delivery vehicles such as collagen and fibrin hydrogels, and biodegradable nanofiber scaffolds made from a combination of PLA and PLGA. Finally, we demonstrated that PMSCs can be efficiently transduced(> 95%) with a Luciferase-GFPcontaining lentiviral vector for future in vivo cell tracking after transplantation.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that PMSCs represent a unique source of cells that can be effectively utilized for in utero cell therapy and tissue engineering.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to explore its role in embryo damage and the relationship between them by testing the expression of PCNA,Caspase-3,IL-6 and Survivin protein in the chorionic villi and decidual tissue of pati...Objective:This study aims to explore its role in embryo damage and the relationship between them by testing the expression of PCNA,Caspase-3,IL-6 and Survivin protein in the chorionic villi and decidual tissue of patients with unexplained early embryo damage and normal early pregnancy at the same time voluntarily requested uterine aspiration abortion in order to clarify the pathogenesis of early embryo damage from the cellular and molecular perspectives,and provide theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of embryo damage.Methods:From July 2018 to July 2019,30 patients with unexplained embryo damage were selected as embryo damage group,thirty normal early pregnancy patients with aspiration abortion were selected as the normal early pregnancy group.The decidual tissue and chorionic villi of the two groups were collected to observe the structural and pathological changes.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the distribution of PCNA,Caspase-3,IL-6 and Survivin in the chorionic villi and decidual tissue,as well as the expression changes of the above four proteins.Results:Compared with the normal early pregnancy group,the chorionic villi in the early embryo damage group were obviously dysplasia,degenerative changes,structural disorders,homogeneous destruction,obvious reduction or even disappearance of trophoblast cells,inflammatory cell infiltration,more neutrophils and lymphocytes,interstitial edema and cell atrophy,accompanied by hemorrhage;The decidual tissue of the intima was not good,most of the cells were spindle-shaped,the structure was disordered,the stroma has edema,inflammatory cells can be seen,and hemorrhage existed.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of PCNA protein in chorionic villi and decidual tissue of early embryo damage group decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the expression of Caspase-3 protein increased significantly(P<0.05).The expression of IL-6 protein decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the expression of Survivin protein decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:During early pregnancy,due to the down-regulation of the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCNA and apoptosis inhibitor protein Survivin in chorionic and decidual tissues,the balance between proliferation and apoptosis is broken,which has an increase in Caspase-3 expression and a decrease in IL-6 expression.It may be that the balance of Th1/Th2 in chorionic and decidual tissues inclines to Th1,which leads to excessive apoptosis of chorionic and decidual tissues and the cessation of early embryo damage.展开更多
Objective:To determine whether maternal β-human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG) level in second-trimester may be associated with subsequent development of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods:Seven hundred and ...Objective:To determine whether maternal β-human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG) level in second-trimester may be associated with subsequent development of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods:Seven hundred and sixty-two women in mid-trimester were to have maternal urine β-hCG standardized concentrations and maternal serum β-hCG measurements.Their case histories were recorded and reviewed from mid-trimester to delivery.The relation was observed between maternal urine,serum markers and subsequent development of PIH.Results:Among 762 women,504 cases were normal pregnancies,42 cases had PIH,94 cases had premature rupture of membrane (PROM),69 cases had preterm delivery (PD),53 other cases were excluded by various reasons.The levels of maternal urine,serum β-hCG in PIH were (61.75±9.78) IU/L and (304.56±54.17) ng/mg respectively,which were higher significantly than normal pregnancy group ([20.65±7.61] IU/L and [146.34±47.81] ng/mg,P<0.05).When maternal serum,urine β-hCG levels ≥2 MOM(multiple of mean),the incidences of developing PIH were increased significantly as compared with those of β-hCG <2 MOM women.The incidence of PIH increased from 5.1% in pregnancies with urine β-hCG ≥2 MOM to 11.7% in cases with urine β-hCG ≥4 MOM.Conclusion:The elevation of maternal mid-trimester urine,serum β-hCG levels is not only an early signal for dysfunction of placenta but also a dangerous signal for development of PIH.Second-trimester maternal urine β-hCG measurement proves to be superior to serum marker in clinical prediction.展开更多
The effects of mifepristone with misoprostol on the expression of the integrin β 3 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM 1) in decidua and chorionic villi tissues in early pregnancy in 10 cases were investigate...The effects of mifepristone with misoprostol on the expression of the integrin β 3 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM 1) in decidua and chorionic villi tissues in early pregnancy in 10 cases were investigated by immuno flow cytometry (the experiment group). At the same time, the other 10 cases induced by mechanical vacuum aspiration were collected as the control. The results showed that, the positive rate of integrin β 3 and ICAM 1 in decidua of the experiment group were 19.1±5.01% and 20.61 ±6.51%; while those in chorionic villi were 21.32±4.38% and 20.29± 6.49%, which were significantly lower than those in the control group. These results suggested that integrin β 3 and ICAM 1 may take part in the maintenance of early pregnancy. The mechanism of mifepristone induced abortion may be mediated by the down regulation of the integrin β 3 and ICAM 1 expression in decidua and chorionic villi.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82001604Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Science and Technology Innovation Team,No.[2023]072+1 种基金Guizhou Province Distinguished Young Scientific and Technological Talent Program,No.YQK[2023]040Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program(Natural Science),No.ZK[2021]-368(all to LXiong),and Zunyi City Innovative Talent Team Training Plan,No.[2022]-2.
文摘Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy,neurosensory impairments,and cognitive deficits,and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The therapeutic potential of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for various diseases has been explored.However,the potential use of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has not yet been investigated.In this study,we injected human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle of a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model and observed significant improvements in both cognitive and motor function.Protein chip analysis showed that interleukin-3 expression was significantly elevated in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy model rats.Following transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells,interleukin-3 expression was downregulated.To further investigate the role of interleukin-3 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,we established an in vitro SH-SY5Y cell model of hypoxic-ischemic injury through oxygen-glucose deprivation and silenced interleukin-3 expression using small interfering RNA.We found that the activity and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation were further suppressed by interleukin-3 knockdown.Furthermore,interleukin-3 knockout exacerbated neuronal damage and cognitive and motor function impairment in rat models of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.The findings suggest that transplantation of hpcMSCs ameliorated behavioral impairments in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,and this effect was mediated by interleukin-3-dependent neurological function.
文摘As one of the earliest markers for predicting pregnancy outcomes, human chorionic gonadotropin(h CG) values have been inconclusive on reliability of the prediction after frozen and fresh embryo transfer(ET). In this retrospective study, patients with positive h CG(day 12 after transfer) were included to examine the h CG levels and their predictive value for pregnancy outcomes following 214 fresh and 1513 vitrified-warmed single-blastocyst transfer cycles. For patients who got clinical pregnancy, the mean initial h CG value was significantly higher after frozen cycles than fresh cycles, and the similar result was demonstrated for patients with live births(LB). The difference in h CG value existed even after adjusting for the potential covariates. The area under curves(AUC) and threshold values calculated by receiver operator characteristic curves were 0.944 and 213.05 m IU/m L for clinical pregnancy after fresh ET, 0.894 and 399.50 m IU/m L for clinical pregnancy after frozen ET, 0.812 and 222.86 m IU/m L for LB after fresh ET, and 0.808 and 410.80 m IU/mL for LB after frozen ET with acceptable sensitivity and specificity, respectively. In conclusion, single frozen blastocyst transfer leads to higher initial h CG values than single fresh blastocyst transfer, and the initial h CG level is a reliable predictive factor for predicting IVF outcomes.
文摘Objective To investigate telomerase activity in chorion and decidua from abortion induced by mifepristone incorporated with misoprostol at early pregnancy. Methods TRAP-SYBR Green assay was used to detect the expression of telomerase. Forty specimen were obtained from medicinal abortion (experiment group) and forty were from normal induced abortion (control group). Results Positive expression of chorion telomerase was significantly different between the experimental group (28%, 11/40) and the control group (73%, 29/40) (P〈0.05). While in decidua, the positive rate was 28% (11/40) in the experimental group and 20% (9/40) in the control group, there was no significant difference (P〉0.05). Conclusion It is suggested that miferistone may significantly decrease the telomerase activity in chorion but not in decidua.
基金the Shriners Hospital for Children Postdoctoral Research Fellowship award,No.84704-NCA-19UC Davis School of Medicine Dean’s Fellowship award and funding from the NIH,No.5R01NS100761-02 and No.R03HD091601-01+2 种基金the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine,No.PC1-08103 and No.CLIN1-11404Shriners Hospitals for Children,No.85120-NCA-16,No.85119-NCA-18,No.85108-NCA-19 and No.87200-NCA-19March of Dimes Foundation,No.5FY1682
文摘BACKGROUND Endothelial colony-forming cells(ECFCs)have been implicated in the process of vascularization,which includes vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.Vasculogenesis is a de novo formation of blood vessels,and is an essential physiological process that occurs during embryonic development and tissue regeneration.Angiogenesis is the growth of new capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels,which is observed both prenatally and postnatally.The placenta is an organ composed of a variety of fetal-derived cells,including ECFCs,and therefore has significant potential as a source of fetal ECFCs for tissue engineering.AIM To investigate the possibility of isolating clonal ECFCs from human early gestation chorionic villi(CV-ECFCs)of the placenta,and assess their potential for tissue engineering.METHODS The early gestation chorionic villus tissue was dissociated by enzyme digestion.Cells expressing CD31 were selected using magnetic-activated cell sorting,and plated in endothelial-specific growth medium.After 2-3 wks in culture,colonies displaying cobblestone-like morphology were manually picked using cloning cylinders.We characterized CV-ECFCs by flow cytometry,immunophenotyping,tube formation assay,and Dil-Ac-LDL uptake assay.Viral transduction of CVECFCs was performed using a Luciferase/tdTomato-containing lentiviral vector,and transduction efficiency was tested by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry.Compatibility of CV-ECFCs with a delivery vehicle was determined using an FDA approved,small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix scaffold.RESULTS After four passages in 6-8 wks of culture,we obtained a total number of 1.8×107 CV-ECFCs using 100 mg of early gestational chorionic villus tissue.Immunophenotypic analyses by flow cytometry demonstrated that CV-ECFCs highly expressed the endothelial markers CD31,CD144,CD146,CD105,CD309,only partially expressed CD34,and did not express CD45 and CD90.CV-ECFCs were capable of acetylated low-density lipoprotein uptake and tube formation,similar to cord blood-derived ECFCs(CB-ECFCs).CV-ECFCs can be transduced with a Luciferase/tdTomato-containing lentiviral vector at a transduction efficiency of 85.1%.Seeding CV-ECFCs on a small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix scaffold confirmed that CV-ECFCs were compatible with the biomaterial scaffold.CONCLUSION In summary,we established a magnetic sorting-assisted clonal isolation approach to derive CV-ECFCs.A substantial number of CV-ECFCs can be obtained within a short time frame,representing a promising novel source of ECFCs for fetal treatments.
文摘Objective: To determine the association of apoptosis in the layers of human fetal membranes distal to rupture site with labor at term. Study Design: Fetal membranes were collected from elective cesarean sections (n = 8) and spontaneous vaginal deliveries (n = 8) at term. The extent of apoptosis within fetal membrane layers was determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxy-UTP-nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and western blots for pro-apoptotic active caspase-3 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Results: Apoptotic index in chorionic trophoblasts of membranes distal to rupture site obtained after vaginal delivery was 3-fold higher than those obtained from elective cesarean (11.57% ± 4.98% and 4.05% ± 2.4% respectively;p = 0.012). The choriodecidua layers after vaginal deliveries had higher expression of the pro-apoptotic active caspase-3 and less expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 than those obtained from elective cesarean sections. Conclusions: Labor at term is associated with increased apoptosis in chorionic trophoblast cells of human fetal membranes distal to rupture site.
文摘From the published data, the present mini-review attempts to answer two fundamental questions about the gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. In addition, it extrapolates the findings to other cancers that produce small amounts of hCG and how a novel therapies could be developed.
文摘Objective To explore if strand breaks of DNA in human early chorionic villus cells in uterus were induced by diagnostic ultrasound and to evaluate the method used for detection of single-stranded breaks and double-stranded breaks in human DNA. Methods 60 normal pregnant women aged 20-30, who underwent artificial abortion during 6-8 weeks of gestation, were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups: All 30 cases were exposed to diagnostic ultrasound in uterus for 10 minutes, and 24 hours later chorionic villi were extracted; the other 30 cases were taken as the control group. Single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA in villus cells in all cases were isolated by the alkaline unwinding combined with hydroxylapatite chromatography, and were quantitatively detected using 32 P-labeled Alu probe for dot-blotting hybridization. Results There was no significant difference in quantity and percentage in single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA between 2 groups (P>0.05). 32 P-Alu probe could only hybridize with human DNA, and could detect DNA isolated from as few as 2.5×10 3 chorionic villus cells and 0.45ng DNA in human leukocytes. Conclusion The results suggested that there were no DNA strand damages in human chorionic villus cells when the uterus was exposed to diagnostic ultrasound for 10 minutes. The method,^(32)P-Alu probe for dot-blotting hybridization, was even more specific, sensitive and accurate than conventional approaches.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172404)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2019J01666)+1 种基金the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(xjq201903)the"111"Program-Innovation Center for Ecologically Based Pest Management of Subtropical Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Fo restry University,China。
文摘Choriogenesis is the last step of insect oogenesis,a process by which the chorion polypeptides are produced by the follicular cells and deposited on the surface of oocytes in order to provide a highly specialized protective barrier to the embryo.The essential features of chorion genes have yet to be clearly understood in the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella,a worldwide Lepidoptera pest attacking cruciferous crops and wild plants.In this study,complete sequences for 15 putative chorion genes were identified,and grouped into A and B classes.Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both classes were highly conserved and within each,branches are also species-specific.Chorion genes from each class were located in pairs on scaffolds of the P.xylostella genome,some of which shared the common promoter regulatory region.All chorion genes were highly specifically expressed in the P.xylostella adult females,mostly in the ovary with full yolk,which is a crucial period to build the shells of the eggs.RNAi-based knockdown of chorion-1,which is located on the Px_scaffold 6 alone,although had no effect on yolk deposition,resulted in smaller eggs and sharply reduced hatchability.Additionally,inhibition of PxCho-1 expression caused a less dense arrangement of the columnar layers,reduced exochorion roughness and shorter microvilli.Our study provides the foundation for exploring molecular mechanisms of female reproduction in P.xylostella,and for making use of chorion genes as the potential genetic-based molecular target to better control this economically important pest.
文摘To study the expression of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) genes in renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and benign renal disease tissues, nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and restriction endonuclease analysis were employed to detect the expression of βhCG genes in 44 cases of RCC tissues and 24 cases of benign renal disease tissues It was found that 52% RCC samples revealed positive for βhCG mRNA expression Positive rate in advanced stage and poorly differentiated RCC was higher, but there was no significant difference The positive rate of βhCG mRNA expression was 54% in 24 cases of benign renal tissues, including 3 cases out of 6 polycystic kidneys, 7 cases out of 13 renal atrophies, 2 cases out of 2 oncocytomas and 1 case out of 2 pyonephrotic kidneys β7 was most frequently transcribed subtype gene independent on the histology These findings suggested βhCG gene transcription is not only involved in RCC but also in benign renal diseases
基金supported by Grants number 2007/56480-0,2008/54383-0 and 2011/10516-0 from the Sao Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP)-Brazil.
文摘Angiotensin-(1 - 7) [Ang-(1 - 7)] is an endogenous heptapeptide hormone of the renin-angiotensin system that has antiproliferative properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic properties of Ang-(1 - 7) and of Ang-(1 - 7)-substituents 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) e Ang II-derivatives containing the TOAC (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid) in normal (MCF10A) and in tumoral (MCF7) epithelial mammary cell lines. Both cell lines received an hCG and angiotensin peptides 24-hour treatment, in combination or alone followed by cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle assays performed by flow cytometer (GUAVA). After hCG, Ang-(1 - 7), hCG + Ang-(1 - 7) and hCG + Ang-(1 - 7)-Fmoc treatments, MCF7 displayed cell viability decrease and mid-apoptosis increase. We also observed cell viability decrease in MCF10A after Ang-(1 - 7), Ang-(1 - 7) Fmoc and hCG + AngII Toac treatments. These cells had an increase in late apoptosis and necrosis after AngII Toac, hCG + Ang-(1 - 7) and hCG + Ang-(1 - 7)-Fmoc treatments. Regarding the cell cycle analysis, we did not observed any changes in cell cycle phases. In summary, cell viability was decreased and apoptosis (initial, mid and late) was increased after hCG and/or Ang-(1 - 7) peptides treatments. These results point out hCG and Ang-(1 - 7) as effective compounds to inhibit cell proliferation, since they decrease cell viability and increase apoptosis in both normal and in tumoral breast cells, being the effect more pronounced in the tumoral cell line. Our results support the idea of investigating more closely the putative use of these compounds as novel therapeutic agents for breast cancer.
文摘Background: The zygote of twins implants themselves separately and on different spots in the uterine endometrium. However, the growth of fetal membranes may be collective or singly. There is little data from sonographic view of assessment on the exact progression at different stages of gestation. More so, the realistic evidences from radiographic assessment of the compartmentalization of chorion membrane in the developing monochorionic and dichorionic twins are not sufficiently available, hence, the call to ascertain the exact progression of the chorion membrane through ultrasound scanning in gestational subjects. Aim: This present study examined the structural progression of embryonic growth pattern of chorionic membrane in monochorionic and dichorionic twins. Materials and Methods: The study utilized transabdominal ultrasound to periodically assess the progression of chorion membrane and advancement in compartmentalization of monochorionic and dichorionic twins as pregnancy proceeds. Results: The monochorionic membrane showed an enclosure that progresses to be more distinct and thickened around the two embryos with a unique T-shaped point of insertion in latter development. The partitioning of dichorionic membrane progresses to be less thickened and with a distinct lambda (λ) sign which is a wedge-shaped protrusion into the inter-twin space. Conclusion: Assessment showed that the growth pattern of chorion membrane varied with different parameters observed as early as in the first trimester. Hence during early gestational stage, a twin can be said to be monochorionic or dichorionic with key anatomical landmarks monitored. The growth progression could be used to project abnormality and on time treatment would be offered to improve perinatal outcome.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81460236)Major Science and Technology Program of Hainan Province(No.ZDKJ2017007)Innovative Project for Postgraduate of Hainan Province(No.Hys2018-281)。
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of different fertilization time after human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)injection on the outcome of fertilization in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods:One thousand one hundred and forty IVF-ET cycles from January 2016 to August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the different fertilization time after injection of HCG divided into four groups:Group A(38.0 h~39.0 h),Group B(39.1 h~40.0 h),Group C(40.1 h~41.0 h),and Group D(41.1 h~42.0 h).The normal fertilization rate,the normal cleavage rate,the embryo utilization rate,the high-quality embryo rate,the clinical pregnancy rate,the implantation rate,and the spontaneous abortion rate were analyzed among the groups.Then we investigated the effect of different promotion methods on the outcome of fertilization during the optimal fertilization time.Results:There was no significant difference in 2PN cleavage rate,available embryo rate,clinical pregnancy rate,implantation rate and abortion rate among the four groups(P>0.05).The high-quality embryo rate in Group D(44.6%)was the highest,and was significantly different among the four groups(P<0.05).The normal fertilization rate in Group D(71.6%)was the highest,and was significantly different among the four groups(P<0.05).The normal fertilization rate(78.1%)of antagonist group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:The different fertilization time after HCG injection have effects on high-quality embryo rate and normal fertilization rate of patients in IVF-ET.The appropriate fertilization time of patients in IVF-ET was 41 h~42 h after HCG injection in our reproductive center,improved the clinical pregnancy rate and reduced the early abortion rate.The GnRH-ant protocol is superior to other protocol in IVF-ET.
文摘The purpose of this experiment was to observe the alterations in bioactivity of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) associated with early fetal loss (EFL), induced by the environmental toxin TCDD (2,3,7,8\|tetrachlorodibenzo\| p \|dioxin) in the cynomolgus macaque. Ten of twelve females administered single doses of 1, 2 or 4 μg/kg TCDD on gestational day (GD) 12 had EFL from ten to twenty days later. Seven control animals treated only with the vehicle had normal pregnancies. Blood samples were repeatedly collected for hormone evaluation, from two days before treatment to thirty\|one days following treatment. Immunoreactive monkey chorionic gonadotropin (mCG) was measured in serum using ELISA, and bioactive mCG was measured using a luminescence LH/CG bioassay. No change in immunoreactive mCG levels was detected as a result of TCDD, treatment, but bioactive mCG levels were significantly lower in TCDD\|treated animals compared to controls. This change in bioactivity of mCG was also reflected in the ratio of mCG bioactivity to mCG immunoreactivity (B/I ratio) which began to rise in normal pregnancies by GD 20, but did not rise in TCDD treated animals. These results demonstrate that normal pregnancy in the monkey, as in humans, is characterized by a post\|implantation change in the B/I ratio of CG. These findings therefore suggest that changes in the production of bioactive CG may be used as a biomarker of environmental toxicant exposures which lead to EFL.
文摘In this study, the immuno-response of recombinant hCG-β and natural hCGβ was comparatively investigated by using Freund's adjuvant. The results showed that, the properties and merits of the antibodies elicited by both kinds of hCG-β were similar. The antisera had high affinity for binding with hCG (Kαγβ≈5.86×108/mol/L, Kαβ≈8.18×108/mol/L), and were found to be effective in inhibiting the binding of 125I-hCG to receptors in rat testes. Results also indicated that, similar to the antisera induced by natural hCG-β, the recombinant hCG-β induced antisera had capacity of neutralizing the biological activities of hCG. Recombinant hCG-β could be used as an immunogen for contraceptive vaccine.
文摘AIM: To investigate the potential for early gestation placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells(PMSCs) for fetal tissue engineering.METHODS: PMSCs were isolated from early gestation chorionic villus tissue by explant culture. Chorionic villus sampling(CVS)-size tissue samples(mean = 35.93 mg)were used to test the feasibility of obtaining large cell numbers from CVS within a clinically relevant timeframe. We characterized PMSCs isolated from 6 donor placentas by flow cytometry immunophenotyping, multipotency assays, and through immunofluorescent staining. Protein secretion from PMSCs was examined using two cytokine array assays capable of probing for over 70 factors in total. Delivery vehicle compatibility of PMSCs was determined using three common scaffold systems: fibrin glue, collagen hydrogel, and biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds made from a combination of polylactic acid(PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA). Viral transduction of PMSCs was performed using a Luciferase-GFPcontaining lentiviral vector and efficiency of transduction was tested by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry analysis.RESULTS: We determined that an average of 2.09 × 106(SD ± 8.59 × 105) PMSCs could be obtained from CVS-size tissue samples within 30 d(mean = 27 d, SD ± 2.28), indicating that therapeutic numbers of cells can be rapidly expanded from very limited masses of tissue. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry demonstrated that PMSCs were positive for MSC markers CD105, CD90, CD73, CD44, and CD29, and were negative for hematopoietic and endothelial markers CD45, CD34, and CD31. PMSCs displayed trilineage differentiation capability, and were found to express developmental transcription factors Sox10 and Sox17 as well as neuralrelated structural proteins NFM, Nestin, and S100 β. Cytokine arrays revealed a robust and extensive profile of PMSC-secreted cytokines and growth factors, and detected 34 factors with spot density values exceeding 103. Detected factors had widely diverse functions that include modulation of angiogenesis and immune response, cell chemotaxis, cell proliferation, blood vessel maturation and homeostasis, modulation of insulin-like growth factor activity, neuroprotection, extracellular matrix degradation and even blood coagulation. Importantly, PMSCs were also determined to be compatible with bothbiological and synthetic material-based delivery vehicles such as collagen and fibrin hydrogels, and biodegradable nanofiber scaffolds made from a combination of PLA and PLGA. Finally, we demonstrated that PMSCs can be efficiently transduced(> 95%) with a Luciferase-GFPcontaining lentiviral vector for future in vivo cell tracking after transplantation.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that PMSCs represent a unique source of cells that can be effectively utilized for in utero cell therapy and tissue engineering.
文摘Objective:This study aims to explore its role in embryo damage and the relationship between them by testing the expression of PCNA,Caspase-3,IL-6 and Survivin protein in the chorionic villi and decidual tissue of patients with unexplained early embryo damage and normal early pregnancy at the same time voluntarily requested uterine aspiration abortion in order to clarify the pathogenesis of early embryo damage from the cellular and molecular perspectives,and provide theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of embryo damage.Methods:From July 2018 to July 2019,30 patients with unexplained embryo damage were selected as embryo damage group,thirty normal early pregnancy patients with aspiration abortion were selected as the normal early pregnancy group.The decidual tissue and chorionic villi of the two groups were collected to observe the structural and pathological changes.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the distribution of PCNA,Caspase-3,IL-6 and Survivin in the chorionic villi and decidual tissue,as well as the expression changes of the above four proteins.Results:Compared with the normal early pregnancy group,the chorionic villi in the early embryo damage group were obviously dysplasia,degenerative changes,structural disorders,homogeneous destruction,obvious reduction or even disappearance of trophoblast cells,inflammatory cell infiltration,more neutrophils and lymphocytes,interstitial edema and cell atrophy,accompanied by hemorrhage;The decidual tissue of the intima was not good,most of the cells were spindle-shaped,the structure was disordered,the stroma has edema,inflammatory cells can be seen,and hemorrhage existed.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of PCNA protein in chorionic villi and decidual tissue of early embryo damage group decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the expression of Caspase-3 protein increased significantly(P<0.05).The expression of IL-6 protein decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the expression of Survivin protein decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:During early pregnancy,due to the down-regulation of the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCNA and apoptosis inhibitor protein Survivin in chorionic and decidual tissues,the balance between proliferation and apoptosis is broken,which has an increase in Caspase-3 expression and a decrease in IL-6 expression.It may be that the balance of Th1/Th2 in chorionic and decidual tissues inclines to Th1,which leads to excessive apoptosis of chorionic and decidual tissues and the cessation of early embryo damage.
文摘Objective:To determine whether maternal β-human chorionic gonadotropin(β-hCG) level in second-trimester may be associated with subsequent development of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods:Seven hundred and sixty-two women in mid-trimester were to have maternal urine β-hCG standardized concentrations and maternal serum β-hCG measurements.Their case histories were recorded and reviewed from mid-trimester to delivery.The relation was observed between maternal urine,serum markers and subsequent development of PIH.Results:Among 762 women,504 cases were normal pregnancies,42 cases had PIH,94 cases had premature rupture of membrane (PROM),69 cases had preterm delivery (PD),53 other cases were excluded by various reasons.The levels of maternal urine,serum β-hCG in PIH were (61.75±9.78) IU/L and (304.56±54.17) ng/mg respectively,which were higher significantly than normal pregnancy group ([20.65±7.61] IU/L and [146.34±47.81] ng/mg,P<0.05).When maternal serum,urine β-hCG levels ≥2 MOM(multiple of mean),the incidences of developing PIH were increased significantly as compared with those of β-hCG <2 MOM women.The incidence of PIH increased from 5.1% in pregnancies with urine β-hCG ≥2 MOM to 11.7% in cases with urine β-hCG ≥4 MOM.Conclusion:The elevation of maternal mid-trimester urine,serum β-hCG levels is not only an early signal for dysfunction of placenta but also a dangerous signal for development of PIH.Second-trimester maternal urine β-hCG measurement proves to be superior to serum marker in clinical prediction.
文摘The effects of mifepristone with misoprostol on the expression of the integrin β 3 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM 1) in decidua and chorionic villi tissues in early pregnancy in 10 cases were investigated by immuno flow cytometry (the experiment group). At the same time, the other 10 cases induced by mechanical vacuum aspiration were collected as the control. The results showed that, the positive rate of integrin β 3 and ICAM 1 in decidua of the experiment group were 19.1±5.01% and 20.61 ±6.51%; while those in chorionic villi were 21.32±4.38% and 20.29± 6.49%, which were significantly lower than those in the control group. These results suggested that integrin β 3 and ICAM 1 may take part in the maintenance of early pregnancy. The mechanism of mifepristone induced abortion may be mediated by the down regulation of the integrin β 3 and ICAM 1 expression in decidua and chorionic villi.