Preventive and Therapeutic Role of Vitamin E in Chronic Plumbism

The ability of vitamin E to prevent or treat experimental lead intoxication was investigated in rats.Lead ingestion(10 mg/kg,lead as lead acetate,orally fbr 6 weeks)significantly inhibited the activity of blood δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase(ALAD),reduced the brain dopamine (DA)contents,enhanced the blood zinc protoporphyrin,and enhanced the urinary excretion of δ-aminolevulinic acid(ALA).Lead exposure also elevated brain norepinephrine,homovanillic acid,and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid(5-HIAA)levels and concentration of lead in blood and tissue.Simultaneous supplementation of vitamin E along with lead significantly reduced the inhibition of blood ALAD activity,brain DA and 5-HIAA levels,and elevation of urinary ALA excretion.Blood and liver lead concentrations were also significantly reduced by simultaneous supplementation with vitamin E.Postlead exposure treatment with vitamin E was ineffective in reducing the lead-induced effects,except that the inhibition of blood ALAD activity was slightly reduced.The present results suggest that vitamin E given simultaneously with lead is effective in reducing the severity of lead intoxication.1989 Academic Press.Inc.

儿童的铅中毒问题──Ⅱ．彩色油墨中铅的测定

用能量色散Ｘ射线荧光分析法测定了某厂生产的４４种彩色油墨纸中的铅含量．结果发现，除５种油墨外，其它３９种彩色油墨纸中的铅含量均比对照纸中高９倍以上，其中桔黄色、桔红色树脂胶版油墨高５００倍以上，棕色树脂胶版油墨高３７９倍，深黄色和柠檬黄色树脂铅印油墨分别高１７０和１１３倍．这表明，彩色油墨印刷品可能是儿童慢性铅中毒的重要污染源．

驱铅扶正方对慢性铅中毒大鼠血锌原卟啉的影响

目的观察驱铅扶正方对慢性铅中毒模型大鼠行为学及血锌原卟啉(ZPP)的影响。方法采用大鼠经口灌胃染毒法,造模8周后,将造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组、依地酸二钠钙组(西药组)、驱铅扶正方组(中药组)。用药20 d后处死动物,检测ZPP含量,观察肾脏病理改变。结果中药组和西药组治疗后与治疗前比较ZPP含量均显著下降,差异有高度统计意义(P<0.01);治疗后中药组与西药组ZPP含量比较差异无统计意义(P>0.05)。结论驱铅扶正方能显著降低慢性铅中毒大鼠血中ZPP含量,其作用与依地酸二钠钙相当,但其改善肾小管形态的作用优于依地酸二钠钙。

儿童的铅中毒问题——Ⅰ.上海和苏州地区儿童发铅水平研究

用X射线荧光分析法测定了上海和苏州地区2402例正常人头发样品,探讨了儿童的发铅特征及正常值上限和慢性铅中毒界限。结果表明,人发铅的正常值上限为25.0×10^(-6),筛选慢性铅中毒的界限为42.5×10^(-6)。以苏州地区260例0～10岁儿童所作的统计,有38.8％的儿童发铅超过正常值上限,17％的儿童可能有慢性铅中毒的危险。其中0～4岁儿童超标分别占超标总数的88.1％和86.7％。