In order to assess the effect of enhancement release of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta),otolith strontium(Sr)marking method was used to tag chum salmon released in Tangwang River in 2016.The homing chum salmon were det...In order to assess the effect of enhancement release of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta),otolith strontium(Sr)marking method was used to tag chum salmon released in Tangwang River in 2016.The homing chum salmon were detected and the samples were collected in Tangwang River,Ussuri River and Suifen River in the autumn of2018.The samples were analyzed by examining Sr and calcium(Ca)fingerprints in the otolith using electron probe microanalysis.The results suggested that two samples collected in Tangwang River had the marking ring near the core of otolith where the Sr concentration and Sr/Ca ratio were significantly higher than comparative samples.Proving that the two fish belonged to the released population in Tangwang River in 2016.This article indicated the success of the enhancement release of chum salmon from the Tangwang River for the first time and also confirmed the validity of Sr marking in enhancement release of fishes.展开更多
We estimated the proportion of hatchery and natural fall spawning chum salmon returning to the Amur River using chemical markers specific to hatchery-origin fry.We used otolith microchemistry technique to identify fis...We estimated the proportion of hatchery and natural fall spawning chum salmon returning to the Amur River using chemical markers specific to hatchery-origin fry.We used otolith microchemistry technique to identify fish with artificial origin among returning spawners.First,we found that juveniles of artificial origin had higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio of the otoliths’edge zone compared with juveniles of natural origin,what can be related to the use of rearing feed produced from raw materials of marine origin rich in strontium.Then we observed that most of the spawners from Anyuisky Hatchery and from the Amur River mouth at the start of the spawning migration has also the higher value of Sr:Ca molar ratio of the juvenile zone of otoliths.Also,adults with higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio are characterized by a skewed right in the peak of the age distribution.Both,the age structure and phenological shift in the time of spawning migration of individuals with higher value of the used chemical marker corresponds to results of studies on hatchery-produced chum salmon completed at different parts on Northern Pacific.The results of this study will be used in the management of Amur fall chum salmon fisheries,and also demonstrates the necessity of the development of specific measures for increasing the survival of juvenile anadromous salmonids released at large rivers and exposed to prolonged freshwater migration to the ocean.As a further application of the methodology,we plan to identify the markers specific to each of the hatcheries and main spawning tributaries belonging to Amur River catchments.This will be an important step in the evaluation of the contribution of different stocks in mixed fisheries and also in the estimation of the effect of hatchery releases on naturally spawning stocks of Amur fall chum.Following to,our results may indicate the applicability of this approach for the determination of artificial-origin fish in a mixed sample of the Amur fall chum salmon.展开更多
通过对2010和2011年采捕到乌苏里江大麻哈鱼洄游群体571个样本的鳞片观察和基础生物学测定,研究了大麻哈鱼的年龄判定和生长模拟。大麻哈鱼鳞片属于典型圆鳞,有明显的年轮特征,为一年一个周期,年轮特征表现为疏密型。部分鳞片有明显幼轮...通过对2010和2011年采捕到乌苏里江大麻哈鱼洄游群体571个样本的鳞片观察和基础生物学测定,研究了大麻哈鱼的年龄判定和生长模拟。大麻哈鱼鳞片属于典型圆鳞,有明显的年轮特征,为一年一个周期,年轮特征表现为疏密型。部分鳞片有明显幼轮,幼轮和年轮根据鳞径大小能够区分。采集样本的雌雄组都分为2+,3+,4+三个年龄组,也都以3+龄组数量最多。采用特殊Von Bertalanffy、Logistic、Gompertz和幂指数生长方程分别模拟了大麻哈鱼1—4龄间的生长,通过最大似然法估计各模型的参数。采用残差平方和(Analysis of the residual sum of squares,ARSS)分析得出大麻哈鱼雌雄个体间生长无显著差异(P>0.05),故将雌雄个体放一起进行生长模拟。AIC和BIC检验结果显示特殊VBGF方程为最适生长模型,公式为:Lt=90.04×[1 e 0.3(ti+0.27)]。大麻哈鱼的生长速度随着年龄增长逐年降低,且性成熟年龄小的个体生长速度大于性成熟年龄大的个体。应对大麻哈鱼年龄与生长进行长期监测,为增殖放流等渔业资源管理措施提供基础资料。展开更多
Four different Sox genes in Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii and five Sox genes in chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta were identified for the first time in this paper, and there was no sexual difference for these genes i...Four different Sox genes in Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii and five Sox genes in chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta were identified for the first time in this paper, and there was no sexual difference for these genes in these two fishes. For Amur sturgeon, the encoded amino acid sequences exhibited 98%, 98%, 98%, 86% of sequence homology with those reported for human SOX HMG box, respectively, and for chum salmon, the encoded amino acid sequences exhibited 93%,98%,98%,98%,96% of sequence homology with those reported for human SOX HMG box, respectively. Two different forms of Sox9 gene in chum salmon were found, and Sox9 contained a 303 bp and 258 bp introns in the HMG box for chum salmon respectively while 572 bp for Amur sturgeon. No clear similarity was observed between the introns in the Sox9 HMG box of different fishes, but the introns occur in the HMG box region between the second and third bases of the codon for arginine at residue 42 in HMG box for the three fishes, and obey the rule of “GT AG”. and the encoded amino acid sequences in the three Sox9 genes HMG box are very conservative in the two fishes (100% identification). Identification of these genes is a potential step in understanding development regulations including sex determination in Amur sturgeon.展开更多
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China under contract No.YQ2019C034the Special Financial Funds of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs under contract No.2130135。
文摘In order to assess the effect of enhancement release of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta),otolith strontium(Sr)marking method was used to tag chum salmon released in Tangwang River in 2016.The homing chum salmon were detected and the samples were collected in Tangwang River,Ussuri River and Suifen River in the autumn of2018.The samples were analyzed by examining Sr and calcium(Ca)fingerprints in the otolith using electron probe microanalysis.The results suggested that two samples collected in Tangwang River had the marking ring near the core of otolith where the Sr concentration and Sr/Ca ratio were significantly higher than comparative samples.Proving that the two fish belonged to the released population in Tangwang River in 2016.This article indicated the success of the enhancement release of chum salmon from the Tangwang River for the first time and also confirmed the validity of Sr marking in enhancement release of fishes.
基金support of the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation project No.2019-0858"Biogeochemical and geochemical studies of landscapes in the conditions of the development of mineral deposits,the search for new methods of monitoring and forecasting the State of the environment".
文摘We estimated the proportion of hatchery and natural fall spawning chum salmon returning to the Amur River using chemical markers specific to hatchery-origin fry.We used otolith microchemistry technique to identify fish with artificial origin among returning spawners.First,we found that juveniles of artificial origin had higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio of the otoliths’edge zone compared with juveniles of natural origin,what can be related to the use of rearing feed produced from raw materials of marine origin rich in strontium.Then we observed that most of the spawners from Anyuisky Hatchery and from the Amur River mouth at the start of the spawning migration has also the higher value of Sr:Ca molar ratio of the juvenile zone of otoliths.Also,adults with higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio are characterized by a skewed right in the peak of the age distribution.Both,the age structure and phenological shift in the time of spawning migration of individuals with higher value of the used chemical marker corresponds to results of studies on hatchery-produced chum salmon completed at different parts on Northern Pacific.The results of this study will be used in the management of Amur fall chum salmon fisheries,and also demonstrates the necessity of the development of specific measures for increasing the survival of juvenile anadromous salmonids released at large rivers and exposed to prolonged freshwater migration to the ocean.As a further application of the methodology,we plan to identify the markers specific to each of the hatcheries and main spawning tributaries belonging to Amur River catchments.This will be an important step in the evaluation of the contribution of different stocks in mixed fisheries and also in the estimation of the effect of hatchery releases on naturally spawning stocks of Amur fall chum.Following to,our results may indicate the applicability of this approach for the determination of artificial-origin fish in a mixed sample of the Amur fall chum salmon.
文摘通过对2010和2011年采捕到乌苏里江大麻哈鱼洄游群体571个样本的鳞片观察和基础生物学测定,研究了大麻哈鱼的年龄判定和生长模拟。大麻哈鱼鳞片属于典型圆鳞,有明显的年轮特征,为一年一个周期,年轮特征表现为疏密型。部分鳞片有明显幼轮,幼轮和年轮根据鳞径大小能够区分。采集样本的雌雄组都分为2+,3+,4+三个年龄组,也都以3+龄组数量最多。采用特殊Von Bertalanffy、Logistic、Gompertz和幂指数生长方程分别模拟了大麻哈鱼1—4龄间的生长,通过最大似然法估计各模型的参数。采用残差平方和(Analysis of the residual sum of squares,ARSS)分析得出大麻哈鱼雌雄个体间生长无显著差异(P>0.05),故将雌雄个体放一起进行生长模拟。AIC和BIC检验结果显示特殊VBGF方程为最适生长模型,公式为:Lt=90.04×[1 e 0.3(ti+0.27)]。大麻哈鱼的生长速度随着年龄增长逐年降低,且性成熟年龄小的个体生长速度大于性成熟年龄大的个体。应对大麻哈鱼年龄与生长进行长期监测,为增殖放流等渔业资源管理措施提供基础资料。
文摘Four different Sox genes in Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii and five Sox genes in chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta were identified for the first time in this paper, and there was no sexual difference for these genes in these two fishes. For Amur sturgeon, the encoded amino acid sequences exhibited 98%, 98%, 98%, 86% of sequence homology with those reported for human SOX HMG box, respectively, and for chum salmon, the encoded amino acid sequences exhibited 93%,98%,98%,98%,96% of sequence homology with those reported for human SOX HMG box, respectively. Two different forms of Sox9 gene in chum salmon were found, and Sox9 contained a 303 bp and 258 bp introns in the HMG box for chum salmon respectively while 572 bp for Amur sturgeon. No clear similarity was observed between the introns in the Sox9 HMG box of different fishes, but the introns occur in the HMG box region between the second and third bases of the codon for arginine at residue 42 in HMG box for the three fishes, and obey the rule of “GT AG”. and the encoded amino acid sequences in the three Sox9 genes HMG box are very conservative in the two fishes (100% identification). Identification of these genes is a potential step in understanding development regulations including sex determination in Amur sturgeon.
