This exploratory study investigated the circumstances of falls and fall-related injuries among frail elderly people under home care.A convenience sample of 500 frail elderly(60 e99 years old)from the Wanshoulu and Yuy...This exploratory study investigated the circumstances of falls and fall-related injuries among frail elderly people under home care.A convenience sample of 500 frail elderly(60 e99 years old)from the Wanshoulu and Yuyuantan communities in Beijing's Haidian District during February 2013 and March 2014.Fall circumstances and related injuries were characterized by detailed interviews and questionnaires.The article reports the results of a study that the overall fall incidence was 41.5%,and higher for females than males.Falls mainly occurred in individuals who were over 80 years old(50.0%)and indoors(67.9%).The percentage of subjects who experienced a combined injury after the fall was 56.3%,whereas 19.0%fell causes a fracture.Approximately 35%of the subjects were hospitalized,and 27.6%of the subjects recovered more than 30 days.Results indicate that,falls in the frail elderly caused serious damage,and fall-related circumstances should be a great concern in this population.展开更多
Objective: This study sought to investigate the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types of midwives under certain circumstances in China.Methods: The Delphi method was used to consult 18 nursing ...Objective: This study sought to investigate the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types of midwives under certain circumstances in China.Methods: The Delphi method was used to consult 18 nursing experts and 14 medical experts. A total of30 experts finished the consulting. The reliability of the expert opinions was analyzed to determine the specific situations in which midwives may write prescriptions, the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types.Results: In six specific circumstances(uterine contraction fatigue, uterine contractions that are too strong, postpartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of the membranes, normal delivery and neonatal asphyxia), midwives have the right to prescribe and administer medication, including 20 drugs and 13 auxiliary examinations. Of these drugs and examinations, 51.5% of the drugs and adjuvant examination prescriptions tend to be independent prescriptions, 30.3% tend to be protocol prescriptions, and 18.2% are similar to both types.Conclusions: The midwives should be granted some prescription rights to enhance their autonomy and the professionalism of midwifery.展开更多
Since the end of the Cold War, the non-proliferation work on Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) has gradually become the first priority in the field of arms control and international security. With the unswerving effor...Since the end of the Cold War, the non-proliferation work on Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) has gradually become the first priority in the field of arms control and international security. With the unswerving efforts by international community, enormous progress has been made in the construction .展开更多
The cases of landing and impact of the heavy rain of typhoon in Fujian are analyzed. From the research of the mainly weather systems which caused heavy rain and the distribution characteristics of atmospheric circulat...The cases of landing and impact of the heavy rain of typhoon in Fujian are analyzed. From the research of the mainly weather systems which caused heavy rain and the distribution characteristics of atmospheric circulation situation field, we conclude that on the basis of Fujian special geographical location and terrain, there are four types (easterly jet, warm-type sheer, inverted V-shaped trough of typhoon, westerly trough) are conductive to the circulation patterns of causing the heavy rain of typhoon. Through studying a number of typical model cases of heavy rain of typhoon, we can reveal the mechanism which causes the heavy rain of typhoon by the mostly influencing systems in different circulation backgrounds and the causes of the heavy rain of typhoon.展开更多
Modularity can simplify the process of complex product design and manufacture effectively,and it can also optimize the supply resource to satisfy the customization needs of customers,which has aroused more and more aw...Modularity can simplify the process of complex product design and manufacture effectively,and it can also optimize the supply resource to satisfy the customization needs of customers,which has aroused more and more awareness of people both in management theory research and in enterprise practice recently. In the article,we analyze the difficulty of complex product manufacture,introduce the idea of modular manufacture and research the basic content of modular manufacture strategy. Meanwhile,the significance of modular manufacture strategy to build up core competition and fast innovation for the manufacture industry are studied. At last,we discuss the necessity of building modular manufacture strategy and its modes and process. The studies demonstrate that based on modular manufacture is crucial to establish enterprise strategy and optimize enterprise competence.展开更多
Based on CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architect ) and Java techniques, a concrete solution to creating a parallel distributed FEM computing circumstance (PDFCC) on the platform of heterogeneous networks support...Based on CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architect ) and Java techniques, a concrete solution to creating a parallel distributed FEM computing circumstance (PDFCC) on the platform of heterogeneous networks supporting TGP/IP protocol is proposed. In order to verify the feasibility of this solution, the basic frame of PDFCC has been implemented and tested on LAN (Local Area Network).展开更多
We have investigated the workers labouring under the law,lead density circumstances and the women workers health throughthe contrasting groups.They work in such a condition that thedensity of low lead is somewhat over...We have investigated the workers labouring under the law,lead density circumstances and the women workers health throughthe contrasting groups.They work in such a condition that thedensity of low lead is somewhat over the standard.We haveanalysed their biomaterials:sign,symptom,urinelead,C,P,bloodlead,F,E,P,and bloodurine routine,explored partiallythe relation of dosage reaction and the relevant coefficient,展开更多
The Iraq war and the North Korean nuclear crisis are the two big events that are attracting worldwide attention. The many debates and changes that have arisen around the globe from these two issues, with the former in...The Iraq war and the North Korean nuclear crisis are the two big events that are attracting worldwide attention. The many debates and changes that have arisen around the globe from these two issues, with the former in particular, cannot but cause展开更多
Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has attached growing importance to education, and has invested more resources and funds into higher education. In addition, the government has also invested larg...Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has attached growing importance to education, and has invested more resources and funds into higher education. In addition, the government has also invested large amounts of funds and technologies in the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges. The undertakings related to the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges in China are complicated in essence. Therefore, funds and technologies of the highest standards should be introduced. At the same time, external tendering is necessary for some undertakings. Currently, the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges in China is the traditional, which is ridden with some problems to be resolved in the shortest possible period. This paper focuses on the current problems of the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges and their solutions. Taking the tendering model in the undertakings of North China Electric Power University as an example, it notes setbacks of the traditional tendering model, and provides kind of theoretical support for establishing a new tendering model for universities and colleges and the related enterprises in China.展开更多
Since the implementation of the great strategic decision of reform and opening up made by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of CPC,with more than 30 years’rapid development,China has made wo...Since the implementation of the great strategic decision of reform and opening up made by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of CPC,with more than 30 years’rapid development,China has made world-acknowledged achievements—the economic aggregate and展开更多
China Volunteer Service Federation is a nationalfederated social organization composed ofvoluntary service organizations and volunteers.Since its founding in more than two years ago,by strengthening cooperation with d...China Volunteer Service Federation is a nationalfederated social organization composed ofvoluntary service organizations and volunteers.Since its founding in more than two years ago,by strengthening cooperation with diversifiedvoluntary service organizations at all levels,promoting the working methods innovationof voluntary service in all sectors and regions,展开更多
This article mostly discusses the classifications, characteristics and functions of the information teaching circumstance. Compared with the characteristics and disadvantages of traditional English teaching mode, taki...This article mostly discusses the classifications, characteristics and functions of the information teaching circumstance. Compared with the characteristics and disadvantages of traditional English teaching mode, taking the modern education technology and constructivism theory as the guide, discusses how to construct the new English course teaching mode under the information circumstance.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Addressing health disparities is a worldwide priority,with a well-established acknowledgment of the influence of childhood circumstances on these discrepancies.In China,particula...What is already known about this topic?Addressing health disparities is a worldwide priority,with a well-established acknowledgment of the influence of childhood circumstances on these discrepancies.In China,particularly among the elderly,health inequalities are a notable concern.What is added by this report?The inequality in healthy aging has increased from 2011 to 2020,both in general and concerning childhood factors.Nevertheless,the impact of early-life healthcare access and parental health behaviors on healthy aging gaps has reduced among older adults in better health within the top segment of healthy aging.What are the implications for public health practice?Efforts towards reducing regional health disparities and improving healthcare access for children,along with promoting the health and well-being of parents,especially in economically disadvantaged households,are crucial policy considerations.展开更多
Market demand is positively affected by the investments in marketing and quality improvement. In a retailer dominated supply chain, the manufacturer takes charge of product quality improvement and the retailer focuses...Market demand is positively affected by the investments in marketing and quality improvement. In a retailer dominated supply chain, the manufacturer takes charge of product quality improvement and the retailer focuses on marketing. The investments on cooperative marketing and product quality improvement in supply chains are known to be heterogeneous investment, where the manufacturer(he) is fairness sensitive and the retailer(she) is fairness insensitive. Due to the manufacturer's conservative investment resulting from this sensitivity of fairness, the retailer shares a proportion of the manufacturer's investment to increase his investment. It is found that the manufacturer's fairness negatively affects his investment and the manufacturer sometimes tends to be a ‘free rider' under decentralized decision patterns, which lead to a poor supply chain performance. This study also proves that both the manufacturer and the retailer are motivated to cooperate under centralized patterns,where the retailer's objective is additional expected profit and the manufacturer's objective is enlarging his utility.Based on the comparison of equilibrium solutions in decentralized and centralized patterns, this study suggests the range of cost-sharing proportion for supply chain coordination. The example shows the effectiveness of the provided supply chain coordination.展开更多
This paper is based on the proven statement that sound scattering in shallow sea de pends mainly on thermocline, and is to analyze the contribution from sound scattering by plankton, and the effects of waves and other...This paper is based on the proven statement that sound scattering in shallow sea de pends mainly on thermocline, and is to analyze the contribution from sound scattering by plankton, and the effects of waves and other parameters of oceanic condition, on fluctuations of travelling time and amplitude of received signals. The results showed that the effect of plankton density distribution only appeared as a background interference. And main component of in terference is come from wind wave and swell.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Many health challenges have emerged due to rapid population aging,including declined cognitive ability among older adults.What is added by this report?Childhood circumstances hav...What is already known about this topic?Many health challenges have emerged due to rapid population aging,including declined cognitive ability among older adults.What is added by this report?Childhood circumstances have significant and lasting impacts on cognition in old age.This study compared cognition data from China with both the United States(U.S.)and the European Union(EU)during 2008–2018,finding that childhood circumstances could respectively explain 65.4%[95%confidence interval(CI):59.4%,71.4%](China vs.the U.S.)and 38.2%(95%CI:35.1%,41.2%)(China vs.the EU)of the overall differences in cognition among older adults.Family socioeconomic status explained the largest share of differences among all considered childhood circumstances.What are the implications for public health practice?Large disparities in cognition should be addressed by mitigating childhood disadvantages.展开更多
中国大学生物理学术竞赛(China Undergraduate Physicists’Tournament,简称CUPT)是中国借鉴国际青年物理学家锦标赛(International Young Physicists’Tournament,简称IYPT)模式创办的一项全国性物理类赛事.第六届中国大学生物理...中国大学生物理学术竞赛(China Undergraduate Physicists’Tournament,简称CUPT)是中国借鉴国际青年物理学家锦标赛(International Young Physicists’Tournament,简称IYPT)模式创办的一项全国性物理类赛事.第六届中国大学生物理学术竞赛于2015年8月19日—24日在国防科学技术大学举行.展开更多
How to deal with differences is a question that any political body must respond to.The individualist perspective emphasizes that actors will adopt measures to exclude or even eliminate divergent claims in order to gai...How to deal with differences is a question that any political body must respond to.The individualist perspective emphasizes that actors will adopt measures to exclude or even eliminate divergent claims in order to gain control over interests power or statutory policy,but the rich experience of traditional Chinese scholar officials offers the possibility of going beyond the limitations of this perspective.The perspective of“tianxia qingshi(world circumstances)”as a new narrative reveals a unique practical logic and dynamic mechanism in Chinese political civilization that have been overlooked by the individualist perspective.The“Green Sprouts policy(qing miao fa)polemic”in the early years of the New Policies era of the Northern Song dynasty(960-1127)presents a historical situation that has not been given full attention by existing research.展开更多
基金The Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(D121100004912004).
文摘This exploratory study investigated the circumstances of falls and fall-related injuries among frail elderly people under home care.A convenience sample of 500 frail elderly(60 e99 years old)from the Wanshoulu and Yuyuantan communities in Beijing's Haidian District during February 2013 and March 2014.Fall circumstances and related injuries were characterized by detailed interviews and questionnaires.The article reports the results of a study that the overall fall incidence was 41.5%,and higher for females than males.Falls mainly occurred in individuals who were over 80 years old(50.0%)and indoors(67.9%).The percentage of subjects who experienced a combined injury after the fall was 56.3%,whereas 19.0%fell causes a fracture.Approximately 35%of the subjects were hospitalized,and 27.6%of the subjects recovered more than 30 days.Results indicate that,falls in the frail elderly caused serious damage,and fall-related circumstances should be a great concern in this population.
文摘Objective: This study sought to investigate the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types of midwives under certain circumstances in China.Methods: The Delphi method was used to consult 18 nursing experts and 14 medical experts. A total of30 experts finished the consulting. The reliability of the expert opinions was analyzed to determine the specific situations in which midwives may write prescriptions, the content of the prescription rights and the prescription types.Results: In six specific circumstances(uterine contraction fatigue, uterine contractions that are too strong, postpartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of the membranes, normal delivery and neonatal asphyxia), midwives have the right to prescribe and administer medication, including 20 drugs and 13 auxiliary examinations. Of these drugs and examinations, 51.5% of the drugs and adjuvant examination prescriptions tend to be independent prescriptions, 30.3% tend to be protocol prescriptions, and 18.2% are similar to both types.Conclusions: The midwives should be granted some prescription rights to enhance their autonomy and the professionalism of midwifery.
文摘Since the end of the Cold War, the non-proliferation work on Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) has gradually become the first priority in the field of arms control and international security. With the unswerving efforts by international community, enormous progress has been made in the construction .
文摘The cases of landing and impact of the heavy rain of typhoon in Fujian are analyzed. From the research of the mainly weather systems which caused heavy rain and the distribution characteristics of atmospheric circulation situation field, we conclude that on the basis of Fujian special geographical location and terrain, there are four types (easterly jet, warm-type sheer, inverted V-shaped trough of typhoon, westerly trough) are conductive to the circulation patterns of causing the heavy rain of typhoon. Through studying a number of typical model cases of heavy rain of typhoon, we can reveal the mechanism which causes the heavy rain of typhoon by the mostly influencing systems in different circulation backgrounds and the causes of the heavy rain of typhoon.
文摘Modularity can simplify the process of complex product design and manufacture effectively,and it can also optimize the supply resource to satisfy the customization needs of customers,which has aroused more and more awareness of people both in management theory research and in enterprise practice recently. In the article,we analyze the difficulty of complex product manufacture,introduce the idea of modular manufacture and research the basic content of modular manufacture strategy. Meanwhile,the significance of modular manufacture strategy to build up core competition and fast innovation for the manufacture industry are studied. At last,we discuss the necessity of building modular manufacture strategy and its modes and process. The studies demonstrate that based on modular manufacture is crucial to establish enterprise strategy and optimize enterprise competence.
文摘Based on CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architect ) and Java techniques, a concrete solution to creating a parallel distributed FEM computing circumstance (PDFCC) on the platform of heterogeneous networks supporting TGP/IP protocol is proposed. In order to verify the feasibility of this solution, the basic frame of PDFCC has been implemented and tested on LAN (Local Area Network).
文摘We have investigated the workers labouring under the law,lead density circumstances and the women workers health throughthe contrasting groups.They work in such a condition that thedensity of low lead is somewhat over the standard.We haveanalysed their biomaterials:sign,symptom,urinelead,C,P,bloodlead,F,E,P,and bloodurine routine,explored partiallythe relation of dosage reaction and the relevant coefficient,
文摘The Iraq war and the North Korean nuclear crisis are the two big events that are attracting worldwide attention. The many debates and changes that have arisen around the globe from these two issues, with the former in particular, cannot but cause
文摘Since the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has attached growing importance to education, and has invested more resources and funds into higher education. In addition, the government has also invested large amounts of funds and technologies in the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges. The undertakings related to the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges in China are complicated in essence. Therefore, funds and technologies of the highest standards should be introduced. At the same time, external tendering is necessary for some undertakings. Currently, the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges in China is the traditional, which is ridden with some problems to be resolved in the shortest possible period. This paper focuses on the current problems of the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges and their solutions. Taking the tendering model in the undertakings of North China Electric Power University as an example, it notes setbacks of the traditional tendering model, and provides kind of theoretical support for establishing a new tendering model for universities and colleges and the related enterprises in China.
文摘Since the implementation of the great strategic decision of reform and opening up made by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of CPC,with more than 30 years’rapid development,China has made world-acknowledged achievements—the economic aggregate and
文摘China Volunteer Service Federation is a nationalfederated social organization composed ofvoluntary service organizations and volunteers.Since its founding in more than two years ago,by strengthening cooperation with diversifiedvoluntary service organizations at all levels,promoting the working methods innovationof voluntary service in all sectors and regions,
文摘This article mostly discusses the classifications, characteristics and functions of the information teaching circumstance. Compared with the characteristics and disadvantages of traditional English teaching mode, taking the modern education technology and constructivism theory as the guide, discusses how to construct the new English course teaching mode under the information circumstance.
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(grant numbers 71804142 and 72074178)the Start-up Fund for Young Talent Support Plan(grant number 11304222010701)。
文摘What is already known about this topic?Addressing health disparities is a worldwide priority,with a well-established acknowledgment of the influence of childhood circumstances on these discrepancies.In China,particularly among the elderly,health inequalities are a notable concern.What is added by this report?The inequality in healthy aging has increased from 2011 to 2020,both in general and concerning childhood factors.Nevertheless,the impact of early-life healthcare access and parental health behaviors on healthy aging gaps has reduced among older adults in better health within the top segment of healthy aging.What are the implications for public health practice?Efforts towards reducing regional health disparities and improving healthcare access for children,along with promoting the health and well-being of parents,especially in economically disadvantaged households,are crucial policy considerations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71371086 and 71501128)the Central University Basic Research Funds(No.JUSRP51416B)+2 种基金the Inter-discipline Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(No.15JCZY05)the Shandong Social Science Planning Fund(No.14CGLJ07)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2015ZRB019HR)
文摘Market demand is positively affected by the investments in marketing and quality improvement. In a retailer dominated supply chain, the manufacturer takes charge of product quality improvement and the retailer focuses on marketing. The investments on cooperative marketing and product quality improvement in supply chains are known to be heterogeneous investment, where the manufacturer(he) is fairness sensitive and the retailer(she) is fairness insensitive. Due to the manufacturer's conservative investment resulting from this sensitivity of fairness, the retailer shares a proportion of the manufacturer's investment to increase his investment. It is found that the manufacturer's fairness negatively affects his investment and the manufacturer sometimes tends to be a ‘free rider' under decentralized decision patterns, which lead to a poor supply chain performance. This study also proves that both the manufacturer and the retailer are motivated to cooperate under centralized patterns,where the retailer's objective is additional expected profit and the manufacturer's objective is enlarging his utility.Based on the comparison of equilibrium solutions in decentralized and centralized patterns, this study suggests the range of cost-sharing proportion for supply chain coordination. The example shows the effectiveness of the provided supply chain coordination.
文摘This paper is based on the proven statement that sound scattering in shallow sea de pends mainly on thermocline, and is to analyze the contribution from sound scattering by plankton, and the effects of waves and other parameters of oceanic condition, on fluctuations of travelling time and amplitude of received signals. The results showed that the effect of plankton density distribution only appeared as a background interference. And main component of in terference is come from wind wave and swell.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71974097)a Career Development Award(K01AG053408)+1 种基金a major research grant(R01AG077529)he Claude D.Pepper Older Americans Independence Center at Yale School of Medicine(P30AG021342)funded by the National Institute on Aging,Jiangsu Qinglan Project,Jiangsu the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institute(PAPD).
文摘What is already known about this topic?Many health challenges have emerged due to rapid population aging,including declined cognitive ability among older adults.What is added by this report?Childhood circumstances have significant and lasting impacts on cognition in old age.This study compared cognition data from China with both the United States(U.S.)and the European Union(EU)during 2008–2018,finding that childhood circumstances could respectively explain 65.4%[95%confidence interval(CI):59.4%,71.4%](China vs.the U.S.)and 38.2%(95%CI:35.1%,41.2%)(China vs.the EU)of the overall differences in cognition among older adults.Family socioeconomic status explained the largest share of differences among all considered childhood circumstances.What are the implications for public health practice?Large disparities in cognition should be addressed by mitigating childhood disadvantages.
文摘中国大学生物理学术竞赛(China Undergraduate Physicists’Tournament,简称CUPT)是中国借鉴国际青年物理学家锦标赛(International Young Physicists’Tournament,简称IYPT)模式创办的一项全国性物理类赛事.第六届中国大学生物理学术竞赛于2015年8月19日—24日在国防科学技术大学举行.
文摘How to deal with differences is a question that any political body must respond to.The individualist perspective emphasizes that actors will adopt measures to exclude or even eliminate divergent claims in order to gain control over interests power or statutory policy,but the rich experience of traditional Chinese scholar officials offers the possibility of going beyond the limitations of this perspective.The perspective of“tianxia qingshi(world circumstances)”as a new narrative reveals a unique practical logic and dynamic mechanism in Chinese political civilization that have been overlooked by the individualist perspective.The“Green Sprouts policy(qing miao fa)polemic”in the early years of the New Policies era of the Northern Song dynasty(960-1127)presents a historical situation that has not been given full attention by existing research.