Analysis of Factors Determining the Demand for Water： A Case Study of Sabie Administrative Post, Moamba District, Mozambique

Water is an important resource for human being. However, it has been increasingly becoming the limited resource. Therefore, the debate of water issues has been centered in mechanisms to implement sustainable water management. Hence, understanding the determinants of water demand might help design appropriate water management policies, however, they are not known in Mozambique. Due to the lack of knowledge about the determinants of water demand in Mozambique in general and in Sabi6 in particular, the present study was conducted to analyse the factors determining the water demand for irrigation and domestic use using a linear regression model and travel cost method, respectively. The results show that an increase in 1 h of irrigation time increases the quantity demanded of irrigation water by 362.04 m3 and an increase in one irrigation per week increases the quantity demanded of irrigation water by 1,065.61 m3. Additionally, the results show that an increase in 1% of time spent in water collection decreases the number of trips by 0.3% and an increase in 1% in the number of household members involved in water collection decreases the number of the water collection trips by 0.23%. Household having private taps have less number of trips collecting water compared to those collecting water from public taps and boreholes as well as rivers. Therefore, the water demand for irrigation is determined by time spent for irrigation per day and the number of irrigations per week, and water demand for domestic use is determined by time spent for water collection, number of household members involved in water collection, the volumes of the containers used to collect water, the number of containers used to collect water, the quantity of water consumed by the household as well as the main source of water （river, boreholes and public tap）.

Impact of Urban Water Pricing on Future Water Demand： A ＇Socioeconomic＇ Study in Greece

The main aim of this study is to assess various aspects of the current water policy, investigate the perspectives of water saving, evaluate water price elasticity and explore new approaches toward sustainable water management in the water sector, through a questionnaire survey that has been performed in the city of Volos, Greece, concerning the residential sector. The appropriate design of water management measures presupposes the investigation of the influence of some selected variables to consumers＇ behavior. The price of water, the size of the dwelling, the indoor and outdoor uses, the educational level, the income of consumers as well as rainfall and temperature levels are examined, the residential water demand curve is estimated and projections of future water demand under different pricing policies are performed.

沈阳市城镇居民生活用水需求影响因素分析

利用时序数据及沈阳市康平县城镇居民生活用水的截面数据,对沈阳市城镇居民生活用水需求的影响因素进行实证分析,估计其需求价格弹性、需求收入弹性及需求教育弹性。估计结果明显有别于其他地区的研究结果,建议沈阳市应根据城镇居民生活用水水价偏低、收入弹性较大的实际,同时考虑到居民的承受力,调高水价时采用递增的阶梯式水价或补贴低收入用水户等政策,合理发挥价格杠杆的作用,同时还应注意到负的需求教育弹性,加强对居民的节水宣传教育。

基于遍历灰色模型的城市生活需水量预测研究与应用

介绍遍历灰色模型T—GM（1，1）的原理及建模方法，以昆明市1995-2005年城市生活用水量为原始数据建立遍历灰色模型T—GM（1，1），运用后验差对模型进行精度检验，其模型拟合精度高、精度等级为一级．利用所建模型对昆明市2006-2008年的生活需水量进行预测，预测结果与实际用水量非常相近，相对误差最大仅为0．818％，具有很高的预测精度．经预测，2010年昆明市生活用水量为3．111×10^8m^3，2020年将达到4．570×10^8m^3．

公众参与城镇居民生活用水水价探析

水价是引导水资源合理配置,促进节水型社会建设的有效手段之一。公众参与水价制定是供水方、用水方和政府共同参与,既能够客观全面反映水资源价值、供水成本、环境成本在内的,又能充分代表用水方利益的新型水资源价格形成模式。应用公众参与水价制定理论,以新疆石河子市为例,通过抽样问卷调查、分析、综合评价等途径对研究区生活用水进行了定价探析。结果表明:公众参与制定的石河子市生活用水水价更能反映其水资源的稀缺性,通过宣传教育来逐步提高现状水价,充分利用价格杠杆的约束效应来构建节水型社会是该市当前水务改革的重点。

公众参与水循环经济对水价形成机制的影响——以广州市居民生活用水价格为例

以广州市居民生活用水价格为例,分析了公众参与水循环经济对水价形成机制的影响。分析表明,由于公众参与不充分,决策者和参与者没有各尽其职,因而提高水资源价格显得困难重重。为建立和谐的水循环经济体系,规范水资源价格体系,建议政府应该从水价听证会及公众教育2个方面增强公众参与的积极性。

上海市未来综合生活用水需求量预测及节水对策

运用系统动力学方法分析上海市未来综合生活用水量各变量之间的复杂关系,构建上海市未来综合生活用水需求量的系统动力学模型,预测上海市未来综合生活用水量的变化态势,进一步探讨水资源调控的关键环节和措施。这些预测和探讨旨在帮助提高上海市水资源可持续利用的规划和管理水平,也为中国其他发达城市或快速城市化地区的水资源规划和管理提供借鉴。